Technical Information Lubricant Additives

TI/EVO 1957 e March 2010

® = Registered trademark
of BASF SE
Irganox® L 57 Aminic Antioxidant

General Irganox L 57 is a liquid, octylated/butylated diphenylamine, antioxidant for

lubricants and greases.

Typical chemical and Appearance Clear, slightly viscous, yellow to reddish-brown liquid
physical properties
Viscosity @ 40°C 280 cSt
Flash Point (PM) 185°C (365°F)
3
Density @ 20°C 0.97 g/cm (ASTM D1298)
Solubility
- in mineral oil >5%
- in ester base oil >5%
- in water < 0.01 %
Ash Ashless
Nitrogen content 4.5%

Applications and Mineral oil based industrial lubricants 0.1 – 0.5 wt.%
typical treat levels Synthetic industrial lubricants and grease 0.3 – 1.0 wt.%
recommended Engine oils 0.3 – 1.0 wt.%

Product Performance • Approved by FDA/USA for use in blending lubricants with incidental food
and Benefits contact.
• Offers high nitrogen content reflected by high TBN value.
• Good seal compatibility.
• Stabilizes lubricants where extended service life is required.
• Effectively controls lubricants viscosity increase due to oxidation.
• Contains no diluents.

Restriction Under light exposure Irganox L 57 and lubricants formulated with Irganox L 57 may
turn darker upon prolonged storage. This has no effect on performance.

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Additive volatility The volatility of additives can have a major impact on lubricant performance
characteristics. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) provides information about the
volatility of an additive, as well as its thermal and oxidative
stability.Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

Test procedure Additive < 50 mg , is heated in a controlled atmosphere (air) at a

rate of 10°C per minute from 25 °C up to as high as 400 °C. The
weight loss (in %) of the sample as a function of temperature is
represented graphically.

Weight loss (% w/w)

0

20
IRGANOX L 57
40

60

80

100 | | | |
100 200 300 400
Temperature (deg C)

Lubricants with BASF can offer a full range of additives cleared by FDA/USA for
incidental food formulating lubricants which may come into contact with food. Please see
contact Product Selection Guide for the full list.

Cleared by the FDA under 21 CFR 178.3570, for use in USDA H-1
lubricants with incidental food contact.
Maximum treat level (1)
Irganox L 57 0.5 % wt/wt

(1)
The maximum allowed concentration may exceed the solubility limit of
this additive in some base stocks.

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Oxidation inhibition Irganox L 57 provides excellent protection against thermo-oxidative
degradation of lubricating oils in a range of industrial tests.

Test fluids Irganox L 57 (%) 0.25 - -- - - -

Dioctyl DPA (1) (%) - 0.25 - - - -
Octyl DPA (2) (%) - - 0.25 - - -
Octyl/styryl DPA (3) (%) - - - 0.25 - -
Diheptyl DPA (4) (%) - - - - 0.25 -
Dinonyl DPA (5) (%) - - - - - 0.25
IRGAMET 39 (%) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
IRGACOR L 12 (%) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Base oil (6) balance balance balance balance balance balance

RPVOT (Rotating Pressure Vessel Induction period (mins) 480 472 445 447 387 463
Oxidation Test) ASTM D 2272
(150 °C, 0.62 Mpa (90 psi) O2,
water and copper catalyst)

Turbine oil stability test Time toTAN 2.0 mg 3490 550 2310 2380 850 2280
TOST (ASTM D 943) KOH/g (hr)

TOST sludge test Sludge (mg) 18 - - 21 - 50

(ASTM D 4310)
1,000 hrs

CIGRE test (IP 280) Total oxid. products (%) 1.3 2.4 - - - -
120 °C, 164 hrs, Fe+ Cu Sludge (g/100ml) 0.45 1.02
naphthenate Total acid. (mg KOH/g) 2.55 4.31

Cincinnati Machine Viscosity increase (%) 3.4 4.0 4.2 - - -

(Thermal stability test, Procedure A) Acid no. change 0.20 0.25 0.18
135 °C, 168 hrs Fe + Cu metal catalysts (mg KOH/g)
Sludge (mg) 20 20 27

(1) DioctylDPA (solid)

(2) Mixture of octylated
DPA and DPA (liquid)
(3) Octylated and

styrenated DPAs
(4) Diheptyl DPA (liquid)
(5) Dinonyl DPA (liquid)
(6) Base oil 150 Solvent Neutral
characteristics
VI 103
C (aromatic) (%) 21.0
Sulfur (%) 0.21

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Grease oxidation Greases formulated with Irganox L 57 exhibit a lower oxidation tendency
inhibition than those with ZnDTPs, even at lower treat levels, or with phenyl alpha
naphthylamine (PANA) at the same treat level.

Test greases Antioxidants as indicated (%) 0.5 to 1.0

Greases as indicated balance

Hoffmann bomb test Tim e to reach 4 bar (hrs)

(ASTM D 942 modified) 100
Li-12-O H stearate grease (N LG I G rade 2)
120 °C, O2: 7.7 bar,
Cu and Fe ring embedded grease + 0.5%
80 IR G A N O X L 57
in the grease

60

40
grease grease
+ 1.0 % + 0.8%
secondary prim ary
20
N eat aliphatic aliphatic
grease ZnD TP ZnD TP

Time to reach 4 bar (hrs)

100
Li complex grease (NLGI Grade 2)

grease + 0.5%
80 IRGANOX L 57

60

40

grease +
20 Neat 0.5 %
grease PANA

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Passenger car Irganox L 57 controls oil viscosity increase and piston deposit formation in
engine oil oxidation the demanding Sequence III E engine test
inhibition

Test fluids A B API SH

Irganox L 57 (%) - 2.0 specification
Engine oil (1) (%) neat balance (2)

Engine test Viscosity increase at 40 °C

(Sequence III E) after 64 hrs test duration (%) TVTM 194 < 375
Time to 375 % visc.increase (hrs) 31 71 > 64

Average engine sludge 9.21 9.53 Min. 9.2

Piston skirt varnish 8.53 9.23 Min. 8.9
Oil ring land varnish 5.06 5.76 Min. 3.5
Ring + lifter sticking 2 None None
Cam or lifter sticking None None None
Cam plus lifter wear
maximum (µm) 2820 (3) 13 64
average 248.2 (3) 6.6 30
Oil consumption max. (lt) 3.99 3.06 4.88

TVTM too viscous to measure

Viscosity monitoring Viscosity increase at 40 °C (% )

1,000

800
A
600 neat oil
B
+ 2 % IR G A N O X L 57
400
S H lim it

200

0
24 48 64 71
Test duration (hrs)

(1) Engine oil

SAE viscosity grade 10W-40
Dispersant VI improver (%) 9.76
Detergent Inhibitor package(%) 10.10
Base stock 100 N (%) 22.97
Base stock 150 N (%) 57.17
(2) Slight formulation adjustments necessary for base fluid after adding Irganox L 57 in
order to remain in viscosity grade 10W-40.
(3) Single cam failure observed in base fluid run. If 6x rule applied to this single test (not
currently allowed), then maximum and average cam loss after wear are 25 µm and
1.5 µm, respectively.

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Engine oil oxidation Irganox L 57 provides better inhibition of bulk oxidation of engine oils,
inhibition under high temperature conditions, than a nonylated diphenylamine.

Test fluids Antioxidant (%) 0.75

Reference oil CEC RL 136/3 balance

Viscosity increase test (VIT) Viscosity increase (%)

Peroxide and Fe catalyst, 1000
150 °C, O2 > 2000

800

600
nonylated DPA

400

200 IRGANOX L 57

0
20 40 60 80 100 120
Test duration (hrs)

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Heavy duty diesel Irganox L 57 markedly improves a Caterpillar 1N fail heavy duty diesel
engine oil oxidation (HDD) engine oil to a pass level. It even meets the “one run” pass limit and
inhibition is therefore statistically significant.

Test engine oils API CG-4

Irganox L 57 (%) - 0.5 spec.
HDD engine oil (1) neat balance 1 run
pass limits

Caterpillar 1 N engine test Weighted total demerit (adjusted) 396.2 285.9 286.2

Single cylinder CAT 1Y540 Top groove fill (adjusted) 19 15 20

252 hrs, 2100 rpm, 52kW load, Top land heavy carbon (%) 1 3 3
0.04% sulfur diesel fuel

Scuffing piston yes none None

Scuffing rings yes none none
Scuffing liner yes none none

Stuck rings none none None

Average oil consumption (g/kWh) 0.31 0.18 0.304 max

(1) HDD engine oil formulated for API CG-4, in a solvent refined oil, without any
ashless antioxidant present giving a Caterpillar 1N fail result. Ash content 1.0%

Heavy duty diesel Irganox L 57 demonstrates excellent control of oxidation under thin film
engine oils conditions, providing superior deposit control for heavy duty diesel engine
oils

Test fluids Irganox L 57 (%) - - 0.5 - 0.4

IRGANOX L 06 (%) - - - - 0.1
ASTM reference oil REO 217 (1) neat - - - -
Fully formulated API CE - neat balance - -
engine oil (2)
Fully formulated HDDEO, - - - neat balance
10W-40
Caterpillar micro-oxidation test Induction period (3) (mins.) ca. 120 ca. 50 ca. 180 113 183
A thin film of oil, 20 mg, is placed (time to 6% deposit)
on a steel coupon and heated,
230°C, for varying lengths
of time.The coupon is rinsed with
tetrahydrofuran and the deposit
(mg) formed is determined.
(1) REO 217 is a passing Caterpillar 1K reference oil
(2) API CE engine oil fails the Caterpillar 1K engine test
(3) An ideal isothermal plot of percent deposit vs. time would have an S-shape curve. The induction period can
be determined on this plot by drawing a straight line tangent to the curve where the slope is steepest. The
induction period is where this line intersects the time axis
(x-axis).
According to Caterpillar an oil is considered "passing" if it has an induction period of more than
120 minutes.

Product Name: Irganox L 57 Page 7 of 10

Engine oil deposit The combination Irganox L 57 and Irganox L 135 formulated in engine oil
control reduces both ring sticking and deposit formation as assessed in a high
temperature TU3M engine.

Test engine oils Irganox L 57 (%) - 0.5 - 0.5

IRGANOX L 135 (%) - 0.5 - 0.5
Engine oil A (1) neat balance - -
Engine oil B (2) neat balance

TU3M engine test (CEC L-55-T-95) Total merit 35.9 41.3 42.8 64.0
Duration 11h 50m , 5,500 rpm, Groove 1 carbon (merit ratings) 2.4 6.06 6.56 9.45
load maximum, oil gallery temp Groove 1 lacquer 0.44 0.7 1.19 1.34
150 °C. Then idles for 10m at 850 Groove 2 lacquer 3.28 3.86 4.13 5.82
Rpm. Groove 3 lacquer 7.03 7.29 6.56 8.95
This sequence is repeated 8 times. Land 2 lacquer 3.41 3.12 3.37 4.19
Land 3 lacquer 5.41 4.78 5.61 7.91
Undercrown 3.15 3.11 2.54 7.13

7 point merit rating system Ring sticking

Carbon : 1 st groove average 9.23 9.73 9.78 9.79
Lacquer: 1 - 3 groove, 2 and 3 land lowest rating 6.75 7.70 7.40 9.0
undercrown

Viscosity increase at 100 °C (%) 23.8 33.6 15.4 -6.5

TAN increase (%) 214 45 199 -19

(1) Engine oil A (2) Engine oil B

Base fluid type solvent neutral semi-synthetic

Engine oil package G5/PD2 level G5/PD2 level
performance (3)
contains sec. ZnDTP contains sec. ZnDTP
Treat level (%) 7.0 7.0

(3) Recommended concentration 11 - 13 %

Product Name: Irganox L 57 Page 8 of 10

Engine oil elastomer The VW PV 3344 test data show that Irganox L 57 at 2 % in engine oil
compatibility does not adversely affect the elastomer.

Test fluids Irganox L 57 (%) - 0.75 2.0 Specification

Reference engine oil(1) neat balance balance VW 500 00
501 00
505 00
VW PV 3344 test FKM (2)
150 °C ; 12 days Tensile strength (mPa) 12.4 12.6 11.7 8 min.
Elongation at break (%) 236 235 265 160 min.
Cracks at 100 % elongation no cracks no cracks no cracks no cracks
Micro-hardness (DIN 53 519/2) 72 72 69 -
(IRHD)

(1) Fully formulated engine oil SAE 15W-40

Fluorinated rubber : FKM (SRE) AK 6 ex Parker-Praedifa
(2)

SRE = Standard Reference Elastomer

The Daimler Benz DBL 6612/6615 test data show that Irganox L 57 at
0.5 % in an engine oil has no negative influence on tensile strength and
change in strain before failure of the seal material.
Test fluids Irganox L 57 (%) - 0.5 Specification
Reference engine oil (3) neat balance DBL 6612
DBL 6615

Daimler Benz DBL 6612 test Volume increase (%) 3.1 3.6 0/+5
168 hrs, 100 °C, open beaker Change in tensile strength (%) - 8.1 - 4.6 - 40 max
Test with SRE-NBR 34 Change in strain before failure (%) - 23 - 20 - 45 max
Nitrile-butadiene rubber Change in Shore hardness (%) -2 -3 - 5/+5

Daimler Benz DBL 6615 test Volume increase (%) 0.7 0.8 0/+5
168 hrs, 150 °C, open beaker Change in tensile strength (%) - 24 - 24 - 40 max
Test with RWDR-AK6 (Viton) Change in strain before failure (%) - 37 - 35 - 45 max
Fluorocarbon rubber Change in Shore hardness (%) 0 0 -5/+5

(3)
Reference oil: fully formulated engine oil SAE 15 W-50
Not containing any ashless antioxidants

Surface properties Irganox L 57 shows no influence on the lubricants air release property.

Test fluids Irganox L 57 (%) 1.0 -

Base stock (1) balance neat

Air release (DIN 51381/IP Separation time at 50 °C 2 2

313) (mins)

(1) Base stocks characteristics

ISO VG 32
VI 102
C (aromatic) (%) 6.5
C (paraffinic) (%) 72.0
Sulfur (%) 0.54

Product Name: Irganox L 57 Page 9 of 10

Safety and Handling Please read Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before handling.

Product Specification This information is available on request through our local representative.

Quality Policy
The objective of our quality policy is the continuous fulfillment of the
internal and external requirements agreed upon with our partners with
regards to everybody’s performance. As an integral part of the way we
conduct our business, we want to focus all the activities of Additives
Division in the realm of Research, Development, Production, Marketing
and Administration on:

• Fulfilling continuously agreed upon requirements the first time

around
• Identifying and eliminating possible defects as early as possible

The Quality System of Additives Division is based on the principles of the

SN-ISO-Standard 9001 / EN 29001.

By means of training and information, all employees are to be familiarized

with the divisional quality principles and, consequently, to commit them to
acting correspondingly in their area of responsibility.

Important The following supercedes Buyer’s documents. SELLER MAKES NO

REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. No statements herein are to be construed as inducements to
infringe any relevant patent. Under no circumstances shall Seller be liable
for incidental, consequential or indirect damages for alleged negligence,
breach of warranty, strict liability, tort or contract arising in connection with
the product(s). Buyer’s sole remedy and Seller’s sole liability for any
claims shall be Buyer’s purchase price. Data and results are based on
controlled or lab work and must be confirmed by Buyer by testing for its
intended conditions of use. The product(s) has not been tested for, and is
therefore not recommended for, uses for which prolonged contact with
mucous membranes, abraded skin, or blood is intended; or for uses for
which implantation within the human body is intended.

BASF Corporation
100 Campus Drive
Florham Park. NJ 07932
www.basf.com/automotive-oil

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