Merauke Weather Station Merauke

The average and maximum monthly rainfall and humidity data for 10 years at Merauke is shown in
Tables below:
201
0
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
1
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
2
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
3
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
4
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
5
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
6
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
7
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
8
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day)                        
Average of RR (mm/day)                        
Max of RH_avg (%)                        
Average of RH_avg (%)                        

201
9
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 27 12 21 9,9 5,5 7,9 0 3 7,2 3,4 1  
Average of RR (mm/day) 8,01 2,73 2,96 2,91 0,95 2,18 0,00 0,77 0,68 0,38 0,11  
Max of RH_avg (%) 86                      
Average of RH_avg (%) 86,00                      

202
0
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 11 22 31 30 24 3,4 3 3   0 0,2 7
Average of RR (mm/day) 9,00 6,50 8,08 7,33 3,85 0,96 1,53 0,42   0,00 0,08 3,75
Max of RH_avg (%)   90 93 94 99 96 92 94   85 99 90
Average of RH_avg (%)   87,80 89,14 89,36 90,73 88,75 90,00 86,00   78,00 84,80 88,00

202
1
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 17 34 9 30 13 10,2 4,6 15,6 10,2 10,2 15 20
Average of RR (mm/day) 6,45 12,89 1,80 6,37 2,14 1,40 0,99 4,15 2,60 3,14 4,31 6,68
Max of RH_avg (%) 94 96 97 99 98 92 96 94 98 92 98 95
Average of RH_avg (%) 90,00 92,22 91,58 91,72 89,38 88,71 90,46 88,74 89,13 85,20 89,73 89,60
 202
2
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 17 7,8 7,6 14,4 8,6 10            
Average of RR (mm/day) 4,90 2,59 2,30 3,05 3,30 2,68            
Max of RH_avg (%) 96 96 99 95 95 98            
Average of RH_avg (%) 90,13 87,69 91,50 90,60 88,71 93,64            

Seasonal Rainfall Pattern

Indonesia is affected by monsoon season with wet season usually occurs in October to March and
dry season in April to September. The average total monthly rainfall for 10 years is shown below:

Rainfall Humidity
25 92

90
20
88
R (mm/month)

Humidity (%)
15 86

10 84

82
5
80

0 78
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

The rainfall pattern shows that dry season peak occurred in July and rainy season peak occurred in
April. The total rainy day for each month and year is shown below:

Extreme Rainfall

The total rainfall for one year and maximum rainfall for each year is shown below:

Total Rainy Day

All
Years JA FE MA AP MA JU JU AU SE OC NO DE
Year
N B R R Y N L G P T V C
2010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2011 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2013 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2014 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2016 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 2017 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2018 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2019 12 6 13 7 4 3 0 8 3 2 2 2 62
2020 2 6 9 10 10 10 4 3 0 0 0 6 60
2021 11 11 10 17 11 5 10 17 9 6 15 12 134
Averag
e 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 21
Total Rainfall Max R24

1400 70

1200 60
Total Rainfall (mm/years)

1000 50

Max R24 (mm/day)

800 40

600 30

400 20

200 10

0 0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Month

It shows the wettest year in 3 years occurred in 2021 and the driest season occurred In 2020.
Extreme rainfall is calculated using the block maxima approach. The distribution frequency fit test is
performed using 3 types of distribution: Largest Extreme Value (LEV), Lognormal, and Log Pearson III.
The distribution fit criteria are pvalue > 5% for 95% CI and the smallest Anderson Darling Test for
normality test. The results of distribution frequency test are shown below:
Based on fit criteria, the rainfall distribution is the Lognormal. Using the fitted parameter, the
Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function is plotted below:
The extreme rainfall for design obtained from ECDF below:

RT % R24
% ECDF
(years) Excdn (mm/day)
2 50 50 53
2,5 60 40 55
5 80 20 60
10 90 10 64
20 95 5 67
25 96 4 68
50 98 2 71
100 99 1 73
200 99,5 0,5 76