Tunggul Wulung Weather Station Cilacap

The average and maximum monthly rainfall and humidity data for 10 years at Tunggul Wulung is
shown in Tables below:
201
0
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 20,4 12,2 32 8 14 37 20,4 18 18,1 21 18,1 24
Average of RR (mm/day) 3,46 3,99 4,97 1,70 4,33 4,71 4,09 2,29 6,82 5,30 4,14 5,74
Max of RH_avg (%) 87 86 86 88 92 92 90 87 91 89 84 94
80,3 81,3 80,9 80,4 84,8 84,2 84,0 82,4 85,5 80,3 81,8 82,4
Average of RH_avg (%) 0 7 5 5 8 4 9 6 3 8 6 4

201
1
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 7,6 18 15 18,8 16 23 16 1,6 0,7 5,1 40 13,5
Average of RR (mm/day) 2,73 4,53 3,20 4,67 3,50 1,34 1,07 0,07 0,06 0,83 7,99 4,62
Max of RH_avg (%) 88 86 88 87 92 87 86 87 86 88 92 89
81,0 81,5 82,5 82,7 83,3 80,9 81,5 82,9 82,6 82,9 83,9 83,6
Average of RH_avg (%) 5 3 9 4 2 6 6 7 8 3 5 8

201
2
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 19 12 17,2 34 9 6,6 4,4 1 0 21 38 7,5
Average of RR (mm/day) 4,70 3,01 3,11 4,94 1,03 0,74 0,16 0,05 0,00 2,33 9,04 4,01
Max of RH_avg (%) 88 84 85 85 93 88 87 88 84 86 94 89
82,5 79,5 79,9 81,3 81,4 81,6 80,8 81,6 80,1 80,9 84,4 74,5
Average of RH_avg (%) 0 8 1 3 8 3 9 1 2 6 3 0

201
3
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 17,3   12,5 18,2   21,6 21 31     3,2 18,8
Average of RR (mm/day) 3,09   2,67 3,03   3,51 3,78 3,04     1,40 3,27
Max of RH_avg (%) 87   87 88   92 91 86     74 76
81,0 81,6 81,1 85,1 83,7 80,2 70,5 74,6
Average of RH_avg (%) 4   8 2   5 1 9     0 7

201
4
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 15 16 25 32 25 6,9 14 5,4 2,4 9,7 17,3 17,4
Average of RR (mm/day) 5,26 3,36 2,42 5,13 4,22 1,39 4,72 0,59 0,33 1,48 4,00 5,32
Max of RH_avg (%) 85 85 92 84 86 88 93 86 86 87 90 94
78,7 78,0 76,4 78,5 79,0 83,6 83,1 80,7 81,8 83,0 83,6 85,2
Average of RH_avg (%) 1 0 7 8 0 3 3 8 2 0 4 0

201
5
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 7,7 37 34 24 22 7,8 2,1 2,6 0 0 21 20,6
Average of RR (mm/day) 2,24 6,48 5,25 4,49 3,83 1,63 0,43 0,35 0,00 0,00 5,25 4,62
Max of RH_avg (%) 89 90 86 88 86 88 88 86 86 88 88 92
82,7 83,3 83,3 83,0 82,8 85,1 84,0 83,4 83,8 82,9 84,2 83,2
Average of RH_avg (%) 3 6 3 0 3 1 9 0 2 3 9 7

201
6
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 26 20,6 18,1 19 31 10,2 15,9 25 4,6 28 32 17,4
Average of RR (mm/day) 3,16 5,28 2,65 2,62 6,32 2,32 6,72 6,94 1,66 6,64 6,62 5,69
Max of RH_avg (%) 91 93 89 89 90 91 86 88 88 89 90 87
81,5 84,7 82,3 84,0 86,7 83,7 83,0 83,4 83,2 83,6 84,6 83,5
Average of RH_avg (%) 6 5 8 0 2 0 0 3 2 3 0 5

201
7
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 22 6,6 10 22 9,8 8,5 4,6 1,7 40 19 10,5 30
Average of RR (mm/day) 6,44 2,67 2,24 3,74 2,31 2,13 1,75 0,90 6,85 5,55 5,05 5,17
Max of RH_avg (%) 87 92 91 86 89 90 89 87 88 97 93 92
84,0 82,5 82,1 82,1 83,2 85,5 85,4 84,6 83,8 85,2 85,2 83,2
Average of RH_avg (%) 0 6 2 0 1 0 2 7 3 3 0 0

201
8
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 21 15 15,3 11 17,4 9 6,5 2 7,6 12,2 21 18,1
Average of RR (mm/day) 4,33 3,14 2,38 3,01 2,26 2,41 2,18 0,33 1,12 1,84 6,29 5,44
Max of RH_avg (%) 86 89 92 88 87 88 87 86 87 87 89 94
82,1 82,7 82,2 83,0 81,4 84,7 81,6 81,2 83,2 80,5 83,4 85,0
Average of RH_avg (%) 8 1 5 7 6 8 7 5 5 6 3 0

201
9
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 5,8 27 15,3 24 37 5,8 5,6 0 0 3,2 7,6 13,5
Average of RR (mm/day) 2,38 6,09 2,58 5,40 3,74 1,26 0,73 0,00 0,00 0,44 1,77 4,09
Max of RH_avg (%) 90 88 95 86 87 90 86 85 87 87 89 88
82,6 83,3 84,5 82,0 81,2 84,4 83,7 84,6 83,6 82,9 82,1 81,3
Average of RH_avg (%) 7 3 0 8 7 3 5 7 4 0 8 2

202
0
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 24 15,9 26,4 43 18 20,6 4,4 4,8 6,6 22,7 23 17,5
Average of RR (mm/day) 4,87 4,49 5,62 5,97 2,68 3,64 0,87 0,86 2,15 4,51 6,81 5,96
Max of RH_avg (%) 91 88 92 90 93 89 85 88 85 86 88 89
83,5 83,3 84,3 84,1 84,5 83,8 81,6 82,2 81,7 83,0 84,0 83,6
Average of RH_avg (%) 7 8 2 5 5 0 8 2 3 9 0 1

202
1
 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 13,6 11,5 3,6 15,3 7,9 20,6 6,3 6,5 12,5 33 12,5 30
Average of RR (mm/day) 4,43 4,08 1,70 4,55 1,78 4,59 1,28 1,49 2,45 5,14 5,28 3,83
Max of RH_avg (%) 88 86 86 88 85 88 86 87 91 89 94 88
83,0 82,7 82,8 82,0 82,6 84,9 81,3 82,8 84,2 83,6 86,5 82,1
Average of RH_avg (%) 8 7 0 0 9 3 1 9 6 0 6 3

202
2
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max of RR (mm/day) 17,5 27 10,2 13 12,5 43            
Average of RR (mm/day) 3,84 5,32 3,14 4,02 3,66 9,39            
Max of RH_avg (%) 86 89 90 86 89 90            
81,3 84,0 83,5 82,7 85,4 86,1
Average of RH_avg (%) 6 0 4 5 2 1            

Seasonal Rainfall Pattern

Indonesia is affected by monsoon season with wet season usually occurs in October to March and
dry season in April to September. The average total monthly rainfall for 10 years is shown below:

Rainfall Humidity
100 84.5
90 84
80
83.5
70
R (mm/month)

83
Humidity (%)

60
50 82.5
40 82
30
81.5
20
10 81
0 80.5
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

The rainfall pattern shows that dry season peak occurred in August and rainy season peak occurred
in November. The total rainy day for each month and year is shown below:

Total Rainy Day

All
Years JA FE MA AP MA JU JU AU SE OC NO DE Year
N B R R Y N L G P T V C
2010 22 17 16 15 19 16 21 15 23 21 19 17 221
2011 19 17 15 17 14 6 9 1 1 8 21 25 153
2012 19 17 15 20 11 6 1 1 0 6 20 22 138
 2013 21 0 21 17 0 14 19 14 0 0 4 8 118
2014 21 14 11 17 13 12 19 7 2 8 12 16 152
2015 14 12 10 15 10 5 3 3 0 0 17 19 108
2016 15 16 14 12 18 9 10 14 12 13 20 15 168
2017 17 14 11 10 10 8 10 2 3 15 16 14 130
2018 10 10 13 17 5 6 2 3 6 6 11 13 102
2019 10 17 11 10 6 3 1 0 0 2 5 15 80
2020 12 19 16 18 13 13 9 8 8 15 19 22 172
2021 20 17 18 13 10 13 6 12 16 21 21 20 187
Averag
e 17 14 14 15 11 9 9 7 6 10 15 17 144

Extreme Rainfall

The total rainfall for one year and maximum rainfall for each year is shown below:

Total Rainfall Max R24

3500 140

3000 120
Total Rainfall (mm/years)

2500 100

Max R24 (mm/day)

2000 80

1500 60

1000 40

500 20

0 0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Month

It shows the wettest year in 12 years occurred in 2010 and the driest season occurred In 2019.
Extreme rainfall is calculated using the block maxima approach. The distribution frequency fit test is
performed using 3 types of distribution: Largest Extreme Value (LEV), Lognormal, and Log Pearson III.
The distribution fit criteria are pvalue > 5% for 95% CI and the smallest Anderson Darling Test for
normality test. The results of distribution frequency test are shown below:
Based on fit criteria, the rainfall distribution is the Lognormal. Using the fitted parameter, the
Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function is plotted below:
The extreme rainfall for design obtained from ECDF below:

RT % R24
% ECDF
(years) Excdn (mm/day)
2 50 50 72
2,5 60 40 78
5 80 20 92
10 90 10 105
20 95 5 116
25 96 4 120
50 98 2 131
100 99 1 141
200 99,5 0,5 152