Capstone

Vo Hong Quang
BAS-T123WSB-13
Link:
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GROUP ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET
STUDENT DETAILS

Student name: Nguyen Minh Thu Student ID number: 22004170

Student name: Vu Dinh Thuan Student ID number: 22003573

Student name: Vo Hong Quang Student ID number: 22003375

Student name: Student ID number:

Student name: Student ID number:

UNIT AND TUTORIAL DETAILS

Unit name: Business Academic Skills Unit number: FOU104

Tue & Fri (12 AM -
Tutorial/Lecture: Class day and time: 3:15 PM)
Lecturer or Tutor name: Anthony Crawford
ASSIGNMENT DETAILS

Title: Annotated Bibliography

Length: 1242 words Due date: 31/03/2023 Date submitted: 31/03/2023

DECLARATION
 I hold a copy of this assignment if the original is lost or damaged.
 I hereby certify that no part of this assignment or product has been copied from any other student’s work
or from any other source except where due acknowledgement is made in the assignment.
I hereby certify that no part of this assignment or product has been submitted by me in another
 (previous or current) assessment, except where appropriately referenced, and with prior permission
from the Lecturer / Tutor / Unit Coordinator for this unit.

 No part of the assignment/product has been written/ produced for me by any other person except
where collaboration has been authorised by the Lecturer / Tutor /Unit Coordinator concerned.
I am aware that this work may be reproduced and submitted to plagiarism detection software programs
 for the purpose of detecting possible plagiarism (which may retain a copy on its database for future
plagiarism checking).

Student’s signature:

Student’s signature: Thuan

Student’s signature: Quang
Student’s signature:

Student’s signature:

Note: An examiner or lecturer / tutor has the right to not mark this assignment if the above declaration has
not been signed.
 1

E-Business

ARTENE, A. S. (2014). E-BUSINESSES AND INFORMATIONAL SOCIETY AND

THEIR IMPACT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. SEA: Practical

Application of Science, II(4 (2/2014)), 439–446.

The author stated that finding the possible connection among four systems (economic, human,

ecological and technological) in an unpredictable process, was the primary aim of sustainable

development. The most appropriate course of action was to adapt to an emerging digital

marketplace, where the growth of the economy and sustainable development were two of the

main goals. He also claimed that ongoing technological advancement, supported by a strong

study and development procedure, offered a means of resolving existing issues. This help was

made apparent through the application of the latest technology.

The use of bullet points to describe the author's thoughts as well as the inclusion of proof and

outside references to back up his claims are the paper's strong points. In contrast, there is

some indication of analytical ability, although the tendency is to explain. Furthermore, the

readers might have more easily followed the article if the writer had not separated the text

into two columns. The author's points of view could be used as background material for the

group essay.

(Nguyen Minh Thu)

Baijal, A., Hoppe, F., Chang, W., Davis, S., & Hoong, F. W. (2022, October 27). e-Conomy

SEA 2022. Bain. https://www.bain.com/insights/e-conomy-sea-2022/

 2

In this research, the authors demonstrated the data on online media, entertainment and e-

commerce of SEA countries. In addition, they also discuss the issue of how we can achieve a

sustainable digital economy since this plays an important role in the growth of a country's

economy. Finally, they showed the figure for shopping online habits of customers of each

SEA country such as: Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore,…

With a systematic performance and clear illustration for each section, the report provided a

myriad of useful evidence for my argument about the benefits of e-business on economic

growth and human.

(Vu Dinh Thuan)

Brzozowska, A., & Brubel, D. (2015). E-business as a New Trend in the Economy. Procedia

Computer Science, 65, 1095-1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.09.043

The writers wanted to draw attention to the contemporary and cutting-edge strategies

employed in internet-based businesses, with a concentration on recognizing brand names to

foster brand awareness and sales of multiple services and goods. They also reached the

conclusion that conducting an online corporation had positive as well as negative aspects,

with benefits indisputable like the capability of a company to adapt to changing conditions,

optimizing the value chain for both manufacturing and shipping, high efficiency at low

expenditures on operations, time reductions and growing effectiveness.

 3

The manner of speech and writing also appear objective since the authors used the knowledge

obtained from other professionals in the field. In addition, the visible plus of this piece is that

the content is well-organized and easy to follow. Even though there are several grammatical

problems, this article provides an overall view of the e-business concept which is necessary

for the group essay.

(Nguyen Minh Thu)

Dubisz, D., Golinska-Dawson, P., & Zawodny, P. (2022). Measuring CO2 Emissions in E-

Commerce Deliveries: From Empirical Studies to a New Calculation Approach.

Sustainability, 14(23), 16085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316085

This source proposed a new formula for calculating total CO2 emissions very directly from

heterogeneous fleets of vehicles in e-commerce delivery, through research testing, polling of

transport specialist and case study of e-commerce dispatches, studies that take into account

the age-related fuel consumption and structure of a fleet, contrary to popular belief.

This source has presented research on a novel way to calculate CO2 emissions from a

heterogeneous fleet for e-commerce delivery purposes in urban areas. After surveying and

researching, this source has classified the factors affecting direct CO2 emissions in urban

deliveries for urban purposes into three categories. Also, they say in the future the research

will be more extensive and implement new calculation methods. This article is incredibly

useful for my essay because of its practicality.

(Vo Hong Quang)

 4

IANS. (2022, July 14). Half of all CO2 emissions in e-commerce deliveries attributed to “the

last mile”: Report. ETEnergyworld.com.

https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/power/half-of-all-co2-emissions-

in-e-commerce-deliveries-attributed-to-the-last-mile-report/92863703

The article makes a report that shows last mile CO2 emissions in India are at least half of the

total emissions from e-commerce deliveries and praises India's homegrown brand Flipkart

Flipkart. The last-mile emissions of the six largest global delivery and e-commerce

companies alone amount to approximately 4.5 mega tonnes of CO2, and are expected to rise

exponentially in the coming years.

The article is carefully prepared for evidence to support its points, in addition, it also presents

alarming parameters in India regarding CO2 emissions. Moreover, the information given in

the article is highly accurate when doing research on 6 different companies, but this report

still has the disadvantage of only making a report on India. expanded milk. This article is

useful for my topic because of its authenticity and detail in India.

(Vo Hong Quang)

Liang, C. (2010). The Present Situation of and Prospects for E-business in China. Journal of

Interactive Advertising, 11(1), 74-81.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2010.10722179
 5

In this article, Liang (2010) examines how the integration of e-business and traditional

industries enhanced the growth of logistic distribution in financial and IT industries in China.

Besides that, he also showed the statistics of current e-business in China, with the aim to

forecast the prospects and future trend in e-business in China.

One significant advantage that can be witnessed is the background of the author. Because he

is vice President of Alibaba group, senior research fellow of Alibaba Group Research Center,

vice dean of Alibaba Business School, and executive member of Information Economics

Association of China so his analysis on evidence and argument in this article can supports

strongly my point about the prospect of e-business.

(Vu Dinh Thuan)

Terzi, N. (2011). The impact of e-commerce on international trade and employment.

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 745–753.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.010

This article shows clearly the effects of e-commerce on international trade and employment.

Using the data from Inc. Magazine and other sources, the author emphasized that information

and communication technology played a significant role in increasing labor and capital

efficiency. Moreover, he also demonstrated the importance of the Internet in widening market

which was previously closed.

The outline of the article is performed systematically so that people can easily follow the

main points of the author. It is succinct and includes qualitative information from trustworthy
 6

sources, the title of each author’s points are also highlighted in each part. Importantly, the

author’s analysis on his given statistics in this article were extremely useful for my essay.

(Vu Dinh Thuan)

Varga, G. (2021, May 28). 5 Types of Ecommerce Fraud: How to Prevent and Detect It in

2023. SEON. https://seon.io/resources/ecommerce-fraud-detection-and-

prevention/#h-ecommerce-fraud-protection-with-machine-learning

This article explains in detail about scams and types of scams through e-commerce, and how

to recognize scams, through which this article also shows how to prevent being scammed

through E-commerce. The article has given meaningful information to readers who want to

know about scams in e-commerce.

What makes this article special is the way it is performed and how to make it is easy for the

reader to be attracted by the decorations on the website. Honestly, the article uses words that

make it easy for the reader to understand when it's not too in-depth, and the information the

article gives has a fairly basic section but overall information on how to recognize and

prevent Fraud prevention convenient for the audience. The information this article gives fits

my topic as it relates to one of the biggest problems of e-commerce.

(Vo Hong Quang)

Zhu, Z., Zhao, J., & Bush, A. A. (2020). The effects of e-business processes in supply chain

operations: Process component and value creation mechanisms. International Journal

 7

of Information Management, 50, 273-285.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.001

In this study, Zhu, Zhao and Bush (2020) highlighted that an in-depth awareness of the way

these procedures generated company value was necessary to take advantage of new e-

business potential, although e-business strategies were promised to enhance logistics

operations. They recognized the three primary elements of online companies' processes

(technical, relational, and business) and provided conceptual frameworks for describing how

these elements played a crucial part in encouraging online supply chain activities.

Significantly, this article showed concrete evidence that an organization might use

collaborator involvement, system architectural adaptability and e-business operations

capabilities (EBOCs) to improve its market position with transition and portfolio effects

integrated into e-business processes.

Each research question is thoroughly investigated, which calls for expertise. Moreover, at the

bottom of the page, there is also a comprehensive reference list. However, a limit still

remains to this study that the writers only examined three key distribution functions in online

business activities, which it would be worthwhile to look at in the future. The paper gives

practical evidence to support the group essay’s main argument about the impact of e-business

on the economic development of society, especially the logistics industry.

(Nguyen Minh Thu)

PART A:
The reviews we specifically get basically are quite helpful as the comments literally are all
geared towards how we kind of improve our essay really such as whether they really teach us
how to write definitely better paragraphs through the use of particularly appropriate words or the
paragraphs need to for the most part be revised because its meaning does not support the article,
in addition, perhaps because of the time limit, they for all intents and purposes have only been
able to actually respond to most of the article instead of the generally whole article.
Our first draft is quite thorough and complete, as needed by the article, and each part is always
backed up by concrete examples that make it easier to understand how my group's subject
question is being addressed. Before writing the article, several days are spent researching e-
commerce material to ensure that it is as correct as possible. As a result, the article is given quite
effectively to aid readers in understanding. The citation of sources under APA 7 is always
thoroughly verified, and adding proof from found sources is also very useful as they all use
comprehensive and factual information.
The team I did the first draft had a bit of a hard time dividing the work fairly because of the loss
of a member but this is not really a problem, finding sources is a bit limited because this topic is
quite difficult. little information and it requires information to be constantly updated, it is also
very difficult to cite these sources when we do a lot of mistakes when cite these sources. On the
other hand, the structure of the article was followed exactly as the post required, in addition, the
preparation and completion time were as expected, showing that my team worked quite well.-

PART B:
Initially, my team had a bit of a hard time losing 1 member making the work divided among the
members more, but the members on my team didn't complain about it much, really. this causes a
lot of trouble because assessments all need at least 4 members for the job to be easy. The plans
and goals we set out at the beginning are always followed tricly as set out before to be able to
complete everything perfectly, the loss of a member makes the workload for 1 person. more
people but not so that the work is completed later than the deadline because there is
encouragement among the members. In addition, at first we had a bit of a struggle in choosing
the leader, but now everything has stabilized as the leader is the one who always tries to help
everyone complete the work most effectively, this is very necessary for a successful team. group
because the group leader will be the one who sets goals and schedules to help everyone prepare
before class and assignments. There is a respect among the members so we don't have any fights,
but if there's a fight between the members, I think everyone will do it for the sake of the group.
complete the tasks assigned to them instead of completely ignoring the whole team. In addition,
maybe because the time to learn about each other is quite short, we still don't understand each
other very well, but it does not affect our work as we are still sociable and communicate well
with each other.
GROUP ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET
STUDENT DETAILS
Student ID
Student name: Nguyen Minh Thu number: 22004170
Student ID
Student name: Vu Dinh Thuan number: 22003573
Student ID
Student name: Vo Hong Quang number: 22003375
Student ID
Student name: number:
Student ID
Student name: number:
UNIT AND TUTORIAL DETAILS

Unit name: Business Academic Skills Unit number: FOU104

Tue & Fri (12 AM -
Tutorial/Lecture: BAS13 - Group 5 Class day and time: 3:15 PM)
Lecturer or Tutor name: Anthony John Crawford
ASSIGNMENT DETAILS
Group Essay
Title: How has e-business impacted society and what are its prospects?
Length: 1438 words Due date: 04/04/2023 Date submitted: 04/04/2023

DECLARATION
 I hold a copy of this assignment if the original is lost or damaged.
I hereby certify that no part of this assignment or product has been copied from any other student’s work

or from any other source except where due acknowledgement is made in the assignment.
I hereby certify that no part of this assignment or product has been submitted by me in another
 (previous or current) assessment, except where appropriately referenced, and with prior permission
from the Lecturer / Tutor / Unit Coordinator for this unit.
No part of the assignment/product has been written/ produced for me by any other person except

where collaboration has been authorised by the Lecturer / Tutor /Unit Coordinator concerned.
I am aware that this work may be reproduced and submitted to plagiarism detection software programs
 for the purpose of detecting possible plagiarism (which may retain a copy on its database for future
plagiarism checking).

Student’s signature:

Student’s signature: Thuan

Student’s signature: Quang
Student’s signature:

Student’s signature:

Note: An examiner or lecturer / tutor has the right to not mark this assignment if the above declaration has
not been signed.
 1

E-Business

How has e-business impacted society and what are its prospects?

Nguyen, M. T., Vu, D. T., and Vo, H. Q.

Western Sydney University Vietnam

BAS-T123WSB-13

Mr. Anthony John Crawford

April 4, 2023
 2

How has e-business impacted society and what are its prospects?

As the Internet has a wide range of effects on our social interactions, it has become a vital
component of all facets of our everyday lives. The growth of technological advances in
information and communication influenced many aspects of society and changed the business
environment, resulting in an entirely new form of society (Artene, 2014). Therefore, the term
e-business, which refers to the electronic business, implies the online presence of the business
firm, and the number of e-businesses has experienced an upward trend in recent years. The
aim of this paper is to inform readers of some important societal effects of e-business and its
long-term future. E-business has had both positive and negative influences on society, and it
has contrasting sides to its own prospects. Some aspects of society, including the economy
and humans, are benefited from online business, while the environment and personal internet
security are negatively impacted. In addition, with more modern technology, there are
probably opportunities for expansion and challenges for the adoption of e-corporations.

On the one hand, e-business contributes to the growth of the social economy. The value of the
worldwide electronic commerce market was more than 150 billion dollars in 1999 (Terzi,
2011). Dubisz et al. (2022) said that, compared to 3.4 trillion USD in global online retail
revenues in 2019, the figure in 2021 was 5.2 trillion USD. In particular, due to the
widespread use of internet shopping, e-business offers an innovative way to increase
domestic demand. Liang (2010) claims that online shopping has become increasingly popular
since 2008 in both smaller towns as well as big cities like Beijing and Shanghai. Electronic
commerce encourages international commerce and increases demand in local areas, which
supports economic development. Additionally, digital business has pushed the logistics
industry to be more crucial and productive as the demand for delivery has increased locally
and internationally. By strengthening technological connections across boundaries and
incorporating various the company's capabilities and resources, e-business operations are
currently promoting cooperative effectiveness in the supply chain and producing valuable
economic payoffs, based on an extensive amount of empirical evidence from enterprises like
Amazon, Dell, and Lenovo (Sanders, 2007; Xue, Ray & Sambamurthy, 2013; Zhang, Xue &
Dhaliwal, 2016; Zhu, Zhao, Tang & Zhang, 2015; cited in Zhu, Zhao & Bush, 2020).
Therefore, the procedures of e-companies have been seen as a practical means of boosting the
internet-based supply chain's functioning. Generally, e-business is one of the significant
factors promoting the economy of society.
 3

Apart from the positive impacts on the economy, e-business also benefits humans in society.
Firstly, the convenience of online shopping that customers enjoy is undeniable. There are no
worries about long distances, so shoppers feel more comfortable and convenient, which
increases their likelihood of making online purchases. Moreover, there is apparently a greater
selection of products, prices, sellers and shipping services for shoppers to pick from when
going online shopping on digital commerce platforms. In fact, the results of the consumer's
findings are displayed based on their data from using e-commerce websites at various times,
such as which products they are interested in or need, what levels of income they have, and
where they are located. As a result, purchasers easily find products matching their demands,
which can help them save time from seeking items. Secondly, there is a rise in the
opportunities for occupations that may contribute to solving the unemployment problem. The
multiplier impact of e-business in encouraging jobs is shown by the fact that every single
chance of a job in online commerce may generate as much as 2.85% additional possibilities
for employment in the supply distribution sector (Liang, 2010). To sum up, humans are
positively affected by e-business because of customers’ convenient shopping experiences and
more job opportunities.

On the other hand, e-business processes are harmful to the environment. In the purpose of
satisfying the huge demands of shopping online, there has been an explosion in product
delivery and packing waste from online companies. The environmental damages that are the
results of the whole e-commerce supply chain, from manufacture to delivery, have actually
become pretty severe. These negative effects include air pollution caused by CO2 emissions
from shipping vehicles and relatively excessive garbage that is dumped in landfills for a very
long time. According to Dubisz et al. (2022), during the COVID-19 epidemic, the fast growth
of e-commerce has raised the need for last-mile supplies. Furthermore, the study by IANS
(2022) shows that the final mile of carbon dioxide emissions from online shopping deliveries
in India accounts for a minimum of 50% of the total emissions. The disadvantages of e-
business on the environment are clear in the stage of packaging where defects in the items
cause the customer to return or throw them away, then leading to product return problems.
This will generate more trips that cause high CO2 emissions. Therefore, digital enterprises
have negative influences on the environment through their logistics operations.
 4

Another e-business’s negative effect on society is internet insecurity for web users caused by
e-commerce fraud and scamming. Online fraud is criminal deceit committed during an online
transaction for the purpose of the fraudster's own financial or personal benefits at the expense
of the digital business. In addition, e-business scamming is known as any deceit used by
thieves to take advantage of or otherwise steal from online retailers and enterprises. The fact
that since fraud percentages climbed by 70% throughout the health crisis, the COVID-19
outbreak has significantly rushed the demand for every owner of a web-based store to take
precautions against fraud (Varga, 2021). Online shopping allows fraudsters and scammers to
take advantage of customers. They often target online merchants for illegal purposes in an
effort to obtain some form of financial or personal advantage at the merchant's expense. All
the possible fraud may take place through websites, credit cards, or mobile phones, so
identifying it is crucial for every online visitor. Although there are a lot of solutions or
techniques for detecting fraud, these methods are often not accurate, which could lead some
people to believe in it and cause substantial losses in cash. As a result, one of the social
problems of internet-based corporations is the lack of protection for internet users due to e-
commerce fraud and scamming.

In terms of the accelerated development of modern technology, the expansion of e-business

probably continues. E-business will continue to have a wider and deeper influence, resulting
in more infrastructure and sophisticated business practices, organizations, and institutions
(Liang, 2010). Due to the undeniable convenience of online services, the demand for online
purchases is rising more and more in busy lives. According to research by Baijal et al. (2022),
in 2021, the digital economy in Vietnam surpassed 21 billion USD. Primarily since the
COVID-19 pandemic, e-business has grown significantly, along with the expanding use of
social media, online shopping platforms, and digital payment. During the national COVID-19
outbreak, millions of people had to obey blockade orders and were not allowed to go outside
for the purpose of preventing the Coronavirus from spreading in many countries. As a
consequence, internet users and online purchasers have increased dramatically in popularity
since then. By the end of 2021, there were around 5.4 billion internet users (Internet World
Stats, 2022). It is possibly assumed that the COVID-19 epidemic has partially made e-
business a dominant trend. In general, e-business is becoming a potential and expanding
market that is undoubtedly visible.
 5

In contrast, there is a need for e-companies to adopt the unstoppable changes in technology.
If an e-business wants to be one of the largest digital businesses in this industry, it has to
catch up with the newest trends and update to the latest technologies as soon as possible.
Organizations are under strain due to the aggressive conditions of the technological economy
(Artene, 2014). They must change to meet the needs of a rapidly growing digital society, as
one of the consequences of innovation is the rejection of old things. In general, e-businesses
face obstacles in adapting to the changing environment of technology.

In conclusion, the development of the social economy, and the customers’ convenience and
opportunities for work are the positive results of digital corporations. Besides that, there are
increasing environmental issues and internet security concerns for electronic enterprises.
Also, e-business includes its prospects, which are its future expansion and difficulties with
adoption. Society has been both benefited and disadvantaged by the e-business market which
contains its own set of opposing possibilities. Thus, it is suggested that there should be
further studies on online firms’ influences on society and solutions to deal with their
challenges. The industry of e-business will undoubtedly develop dramatically with
technological advances.
 6

References

Artene, A. S. (2014). E-business and informational society and their impact on sustainable

development. SEA: Practical Application of Science, II(4 (2/2014)), 439–446.

Baijal, A., Hoppe, F., Chang, W., Davis, S., & Hoong, F. W. (2022, October 27). e-Conomy

SEA 2022. Bain. https://www.bain.com/insights/e-conomy-sea-2022/

Dubisz, D., Golinska-Dawson, P., & Zawodny, P. (2022). Measuring CO2 emissions in e-

commerce deliveries: From empirical studies to a new calculation approach.

Sustainability, 14(23), 16085. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316085

IANS. (2022, July 14). Half of all CO2 emissions in e-commerce deliveries attributed to “the

last mile”: Report. ETEnergyworld.com.

https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/power/half-of-all-co2-emissions-

in-e-commerce-deliveries-attributed-to-the-last-mile-report/92863703

Internet World Stats. (2022). World Internet Users and 2023 Population Stats. Internet World

Stats - Usage and Population Statistics. https://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

Liang, C. (2010). The present situation of and prospects for e-business in china. Journal of

Interactive Advertising, 11(1), 74-81.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2010.10722179

Sanders, N. R. (2007). An empirical study of the impact of e-business technologies on

organizational collaboration and performance. Journal of Operations Management,

25(6), 1332–1347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.01.008

Terzi, N. (2011). The impact of e-commerce on international trade and employment.

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 24, 745–753.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.09.010
 7

Varga, G. (2021, May 28). 5 Types of Ecommerce Fraud: How to Prevent and Detect It in

2023. SEON. https://seon.io/resources/ecommerce-fraud-detection-and-

prevention/#h-ecommerce-fraud-protection-with-machine-learning

Xue, L., Ray, G., & Sambamurthy, V. (2013). The impact of supply-side electronic truths

about mediation analysis. The Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2013.07.010

Zhang, C., Xue, L., & Dhaliwal, J. (2016). Alignments between the depth and breadth of

inter-organizational systems deployment and their impact on firm performance.

Information & Management, 53(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.08.004

Zhu, Z., Zhao, J., & Bush, A. A. (2020). The effects of e-business processes in supply chain

operations: Process component and value creation mechanisms. International Journal

of Information Management, 50, 273-285.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.07.001

Zhu, Z., Zhao, J., Tang, X. L., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Leveraging e-business process for

business value: A layered structure perspective. Information & Management, 52(6),

679–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.004
 Sample topics for individual projects
(problem-solving report and poster presentation)

Problems:
Education issues:
1. High schools in Vietnam put a big emphasis on testing to the detriment of
students’ learning: How can the effects of this be mitigated? X
2. High school X does not provide its students with enough group work
practice and chances for collaboration.
3. High school X does not provide its students with enough presentation
skills opportunities.
4. How can schools in Vietnam train students to be more responsible for
their own learning?
5. Large online classes on Zoom lack efficiency for both teachers and
students. What can be done?
6. Vietnamese youngsters are not as technologically savvy as the modern-
day educational and workplace environments demand.

WSU issues:
1. How can WSU Vietnam campus become more environmentally friendly?
2. How can WSU Vietnam campus better accommodate students with
disabilities?
3. How can TQK campus better accommodate students’ and teachers’
parking needs?
4. How can TQK campus better accommodate students’ and teachers’
dining needs?
5. How can WSU create a better/safer environment for LGBT students?

Business issues:
1. An ice-cream shop Kem Nga Ngon (138 Vo Thi Sau) has had few
customers since it opened (example).
2. A coffee shop X (address) is experiencing a loss of its customer base. X
3. A bakery X (address) does not know how to promote itself on social
media.
4. A particular tap hoa cannot compete with bigger supermarkets and
convenience stores.
 5. Tourism providers are struggling to resume operations after lockdowns.
6. Unethical practices of X company are a cause for concern and a call to
action.

Community issues:
1. Children in Vietnam increasingly suffer from obesity. X
2. Children in X town/village lack access to technology necessary for online
learning.
3. Enthic minorities of Vietnam have limited access to education and
necessary infrastructure.
4. How can District X raise awareness of its residents of the environmental
issues?
5. Brain drain: Vietnam is losing its most talented people through increased
interest in international study programs.
6. How can the orphaned children be better protected?

Miscellaneous:
1. Young people are not interested in traditional crafts.
2. People are losing their fortunes in Ponzi cryptocurrency trading schemes.
3. K-pop is crowding out talented Vietnamese musicians and artists.

Part 2.
1. I choose it because it seem to be some interest for me to discover new
topic on business and with to other topic due to what i really want to state
out my opinion.

2. For the first topic I have to find out how testing to the detriment of
students’ learning and the solution. The next topic is the way the coffee
shop marketing and they strategies. The last one I have to what and why
children in Viet Nam are suffer from obesity and the sollution.

3.
• High schools in Vietnam put a big emphasis on testing to the
detriment of students’ learning: How can the effects of this be
mitigated?
 Purpose: To find the answer of the statement is clearly that testing
to the detriment of students’ learning and the sollution for this.

Audience: High school student, teacher, parent, and other people

involved.

Information: Is the test in high school impact to students learning.

Anh how to mitigated.

Benefit: This can minimize the problem that student performance

is reduced due to tests.

Objections: This statement may just be an excuse for students to

become increasingly lazy.

Context: This issue may change people's view of high school

tests.

• A coffee shop X (address) is experiencing a loss of its customer

base.

Purpose: Find out why this coffee shop lost customers.

Audience: Customers, employees, owners of the coffee shop

Information: A coffee shop X (address) is experiencing a loss of

its customer base.

Benefit: Help the coffee shop find the reason for the loss of
customers and improve the shop's economy

Objections: Coffee shops are really problematic for reasons such

as service attitude, drink quality, etc

Context: Improve the quality of the restaurant

• Children in Vietnam increasingly suffer from obesity.

Purpose: Reasons and effects of obesity on Vietnamese children

Audience: Children, parent, and other relate to.

Information: Children in Vietnam increasingly suffer from

obesity.

Benefit: Reducing the effects of obesity on children and finding

the reason for the statement

Objections: irritate a group of parents who are constantly

pampering their kids

Context: Assist viewers in comprehending the causes of the

disease and avoiding the harm it causes.
 BAS Session 8
Improving group presentation outlines
Team members:
Le Nguyen Ngoc Mai - 22004285
Vo Hong Quang - 22003375
Nguyen Le Giang Linh-22004143
Nguyen Van Duc-22002388
Nguyen Hoang Khanh Trang - 22002284
Team number: 1
Class code: BAS-T123WSB-13
Homework number: 7
Big topic: Leadership
Specific Topic: Are leaders born or made?

Elements Our content

Presentation topic Leadership

Audience analysis info The class and the lecturer

Specific purpose statement (for Are leaders born or made?

presenters only)

Central idea Great leaders are made, not born

Main points to include (3-5) Even though a natural ability to lead is always a plus, many
employees need regular practice and ways to improve their skills to
become good leaders.
Leadership is not about control

Introduction

Hook Leaders are developed rather than born. And like all other things,
they require effort to create.

Need for information

Central idea Great leaders are made, not born

Summary of main points This article will present a more specific expansion of how a leader is
made, not born talent.

Body
Main point #1 Leaders come in all shapes and sizes. They can be anyone, even
introverts or extroverts

Support Because leaders:

1. come from all parts of your organization

Support (not more than 3) 2. have different strengths (Whether a leader is strategic,
administrative or relational) and characteristics (introvert or
extrovert) that make them stand out from each other and help them
in their specific industries

Transition Therefore, they have to train their traits consistently to improve their
skill.

Main point #2 Leaders require training and guidance

Support Learning and honing new knowledge and skills with discipline also
improves leadership.

Support (not more than 3) A strong leader is aware of their own limitations and strives to
overcome them in order to advance in their career.

Transition Furthermore, as a leader grows, so does his capacity for compassion.

Main point #3 Leaders Can Possess Empathy

Support As a leader with empathy, one must be able to comprehend the

requirements of others and be conscious of their emotions and ideas.

Support (not more than 3) When making hard decisions or setting limits with workers, it can be
hard for managers to be too sympathetic. Also, it might be hard for
them to give staff members constructive criticism or hold them
accountable.

Transition As a result, the leader has experience dealing with every situation or
receiving guidance that will determine whether or not he or she is an
effective leader.

Main point #4 Experience influence leadership

Support The great leaders learn from their work challenges and surrounding
experiences.

Support (not more than 3) The leaders can potentially teach leadership qualities to their
followers.

Transition In addition, leaders need to understand their final goal and value

Main point #5 Leadership Needs Purpose and Context

Support Many leaders require a goal in order for their leadership abilities to
flourish.

Support (not more than 3) Yet just as effective leaders need a purpose, some also require
particular conditions to thrive. A leader is in their ideal circumstance
when they feel comfortable in their environment and have the
knowledge and abilities necessary to complete their task.

Conclusion

Summary of main points Anyone can become a leader, but they need to have a clear vision, a
lot of knowledge, and a lot of real-world experience. They also need
to be able to show empathy.

Restate central idea Leaders are more often developed than born.

Meaningful closure Leadership is not about titles, positions, or flowcharts. It is about the
one...

PAIBOC:

Purpose: To prove leaders are made, not born.

Audience: Lecturer and class

Information: Including Leaders come in all shapes and sizes, with training, guidance,
empathy, experience, purpose, and context, which show that, through the main point, leaders
are created, not born.

Benefits: The possible benefits for the reader might be to show the audience how to become
a great leader from a different viewpoint. It might encourage people to take charge, practice
self-discipline, and grow as individuals over time.

Objection: Some negative elements for the reader are that it might come from people with
different opinions.

Context: The presentation was made in class so the reader could more easily convince the
audience than in a public place.
Team members:
Le Nguyen Ngoc Mai - 22004285
Vo Hong Quang - 22003375
Nguyen Le Giang Linh-22004143
Nguyen Van Duc-22002388
Nguyen Hoang Khanh Trang - 22002284
Team number: 1
Class code: BAS-T123WSB-13
Homework number: 7

Big topic: Leadership

Specific Topic: Are leaders born or made?

Part 1: Original responses of group members to the individual task.

Le Nguyen Ngoc Mai
CALL ME #63: Cách để làm Leader? Mẹo học tiếng Anh hiệu quả | Nhi Le Life Coach

The presentation's central idea is about how to be a leader and whether or not the leader is
inspirational. In the video, Nhi discusses and guides her audience on the difference between
wanting to be a leader and just enjoying being in control. She clearly states that it is not
acceptable for a leader to desire or like it, but that people want to elect her to do and follow her
regardless of the cost, and that being a leader is both a gift and a duty. Furthermore, the leader
encourages, energizes, and motivates members to work. Above all, no matter who was on the
team, there was no arrogance. And as a leader, you must never steal the spotlight from your team
members but rather push them ahead and let them shine. She draws the audience's attention using
audience references, current event references, surprising comments, questions, humor, and
personal references. Begin by using the author's situation to convince viewers to watch the video
to understand how valuable these recommendations may be in their lives. Perhaps the most
valuable message from this video is the need to distinguish between wanting to be a leader and
getting chosen as a leader. However, because of Nhi's quite harsh style and presentation when
giving representation, this video might bother some viewers.

Vo Hong Quang

Steve Jobs introduces iPhone in 2007 (short video)

iPhone 1 - Steve Jobs MacWorld keynote in 2007 - Full Presentation, 80 mins(full video)
The central idea of this presentation is to announce the birth of the first iPhone. During the
speech, Steve Jobs introduced a new phone called the iPhone, which was a revolutionary product
as it was ahead of one's time compared to the phones of the time. A phone that is similar to an
iPod but also a phone means that you can listen to music, call, and have internet access so who
does not want this device that is what Steve said in the show. He taps into the tastes of
individuals when they want to see something that can help Apple market itself as a product that
is ahead of its time. In addition, when giving presentations, he only gives keywords instead of
professional words to help followers understand and absorb more easily. The phone
manufacturing industry altered drastically after this talk, and it is also regarded as one of the
presentations that are most worthwhile to learn.

Nguyen Hoang Khanh Trang

Are Great Leaders Born Or Made?

The central idea of this presentation is to answer and explain the question of whether leaders are
born or made. In this presentation, the presenter states that leaders are made, and it is neither
genetically nor heritable. Besides, the relationship between the leader and team members is the
key quality that he emphasizes in the whole presentation. He clearly claims that a quality of a
Leader is when you can sync your brain with another, and be able to communicate on their level
and understand them. The speaker captures the attention of an audience by using quotations,
references to current events, and questions. For the most part of the presentation, he uses research
from reputable sources to base his opinions on, so it makes his statement become more solid.
However, his presentation is said to be quite biased when only supporting the cooperation of
leaders and group members, so many people will find it not convincing enough.

Nguyen Le Giang Linh

Short presentation on social media #social media platforms

The central idea of this presentation is about two different aspects of social media. The presenter
defined social media and discussed its benefits and drawbacks. Besides that, the speaker uses slides
to support her presentation, each slide contains the text for the audience to read and understand as
well as graphics connected to the talk's topic. In addition, the speaker also gives examples to
support her points. Throughout the presentation, audiences can learn about some aspects of social
media like what it is, its advantages, and harms. However, the slides have too much text and too
few images, and figures relevant to the issue in question.
Nguyen Van Duc

What Makes a Great Leader?

The presentation focused primarily on the qualities of an effective leader, including an

appreciation for the contributions of their staff. Harvard Business School professor Linda A. Hill
argues in the video that convincing people to follow you into the future is no longer the most
important goal; rather, the goal should be convincing them to co-create the future with you.
According to the book's co-author, the ABC principles are designed to serve as "architects,"
"bridgers," and "catalysts" for driving innovation. The author draws the reader or listener in by
using anecdotes, references, and scholarly sources to illustrate their points. She employs
everyday examples to help viewers relate to the video's message and take away useful takeaways
for their own lives. This video's intended purpose is to help viewers recognize their own worth,
identify underutilized talents and abilities, and realize their full potential; however, the overly
serious tone and lack of humor may leave some viewers feeling uninspired.

Part 2: A paragraph of group reflection on what made the presentations

successful/effective.

A number of factors may make a presentation successful and effective, such as the use of
questions, personal quotes, quotes from recent events, simple keywords, or slides with graphics
related to the talk's topic. The characteristics of effective presentations made by our team
members will thus be illustrated in the following reflection, together with any challenges or
restrictions that may have been encountered.

The introduction of essential phrases, specific examples in place of formal language, and questions
that are included in the presentation can all assist the audience in understanding and absorbing the
material more easily. Also, by exploiting the author's context to persuade viewers of the video, the
speaker's intent is clear. The presenter further engages the reader or listener by providing examples
from anecdotes, references, and scholarly sources. Moreover, to make viewers relate to the content
of the video and derive practical lessons for their own lives, speakers can use common instances.
Besides that, the use of references, and academic resources are other ways that speakers might
keep readers or listeners interested.

After seeing the presentations, all the group members drew limitations on the presenters use of
language, such as their lack of humor and harsh style while presenting. Also, the visual
appearance should be focused on, which means not using too much text and too few images.
Moreover, using diverse sources is important since occasionally an author's viewpoint is too
biased.

In summary, the secret to putting together a good presentation is to use keywords, instances,
references, and scholarly sources in their presentations. Also, diverse sources avoid bias, and
presenters should focus on language and visual appearance. The speech needs to be constructed
around how your audience will respond and react if you want them to be interested in and
involved in what you're saying.
 BAS Session 9
Detailed group presentation outlines
Team members:
Le Nguyen Ngoc Mai - 22004285
Vo Hong Quang - 22003375
Nguyen Le Giang Linh-22004143
Nguyen Van Duc-22002388
Nguyen Hoang Khanh Trang - 22002284
Team number: 1
Class code: BAS-T123WSB-13
Homework number: 9
Big topic: Leadership
Specific Topic: Are leaders born or made?

Elements Our content

Presentation topic Leadership

Audience analysis info The class and the lecturer

Specific purpose statement (for Are leaders born or made?

presenters only)

Central idea Great leaders are made, not born

Main points to include (3-5) Even though a natural ability to lead is always a plus, many
employees need regular practice and ways to improve their skills to
become good leaders.
Leadership is not about control

Introduction

Hook Leaders are developed rather than born. And like all other things,
they require effort to create.

Need for information Leaders come in all shapes and sizes.

Central idea Great leaders are made, not born

Summary of main points This article will present a more specific expansion of how a leader is
made, not born talent.

Body

Main point #1 Good leadership comes in many shapes and sizes – and personality
types. They can be anyone, even introverts or extroverts

Support Because leaders:

1. come from all parts of your organisation

Support (not more than 3) 2. have different strengths (Whether a leader is strategic,
administrative or relational) and characteristics (introvert or
extrovert) that make them stand out from each other and help anyone
in their specific industries
3. able to engage and inspire others into action.
4. help paint an image in everyone’s mind of where they are headed,
and they coach the people around them.

Transition Therefore, they have to train their traits consistently to improve their
skill to better and better.

Main point #2 Leaders require training and guidance

Support -Learning and honing new knowledge and skills with discipline also
improves leadership.
-Self-study and considering the feedback of those around you are
great ways to improve your leadership abilities over time.
-In leadership training, interpersonal skills are emphasised above all
others.

Support (not more than 3) -A strong leader is aware of their own limitations and strives to
overcome them in order to advance in their career.

Transition Furthermore, when a leader develops, he or she also needs to build

 empathy skills through practice.

Main point #3 Leaders Can Possess Empathy

Support As a leader with empathy, one must be able to comprehend the

requirements of others and be conscious of their emotions and ideas.
People who reported their leaders were empathetic were more likely
to be innovative, engaged, retention, inclusive, and work-life
successful.

Support (not more than 3) When making hard decisions or setting limits with workers, it can be
hard for managers to be too sympathetic. Also, it might be hard for
them to give staff members constructive criticism or hold them
accountable.
The disadvantage of an empathetic leader:
+Empathy can lead to poor decisions.
+Empathy can hamper diversity.
+Empathy can be too narrow.
+Empathy can lead to distress.
+Empathy is fleeting.

Transition Empathy is crucial, but too much compassion can make it difficult
for a leader to progress, thus experience helps to balance empathy
and work.

Main point #4 Experience influence leadership

Support The great leaders learn from their work challenges and surrounding
experiences.
-Leadership experience comes from serving in leadership roles at
one's college or university.
-Opportunities for leadership experience can be found in clubs and
campus organisations.

Support (not more than 3) The leaders can potentially teach leadership qualities to their
followers.
 - Watching famous or impactful leaders => see how they handled
difficulties & obtain insight to share with the team.
- New experiences can influence skills.

Transition In addition, leaders need to understand their final goal and value.

Main point #5 Leadership needs clear purpose and context

Support Many leaders require a goal in order for their leadership abilities to
be successful, and they may particularly achieve in contexts or
industries that they are most educated about and at comfortable.

Support (not more than 3) -A person can handle many of the challenges that will face them as a
leader by having a clear understanding of their goal.
-When making decisions and choosing which pathways to follow, if
purpose acts as a guide.
-When discussing leadership development, it is critical to remember
the context of the workplace, the employees, and the overall work.

Conclusion

Summary of main points Anyone can become a leader, but they need to have a clear vision, a
lot of knowledge, and a lot of real-world experience. They also need
to be able to show empathy.

Restate central idea Leaders are more often developed than born.

Meaningful closure Leadership is not about titles, positions, or flowcharts. It is about the
one...
ARE LEADERS BORN
OR MADE
TOPIC: LEADERSHIP
OUR Nguyen Le Giang Linh Nguyen Hoang Khanh Trang

TEAM
Nguyen Van Duc Le Nguyen Ngoc Mai Vo Hong Quang
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Leaders come in all Leaders require
01 Introduction 02 shapes and sizes 03 training and guidance

Leaders can possess Experience influence Leadership needs clear

04 empathy 05 leadership 06 purpose and context

07 CONCLUSION
WHAT IS A
LEADER?
Leaders are essential for
leading, orienting, and
forming a cohesive team.
ARE LEADERS
BORN OR MADE?
 LEADERS COME IN ALL
02 SHAPES AND SIZES
 KEYWORDS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH PREFERENCE
ACTIVE REFLECTIVE
HEARTY QUIET
VARIETY
E I FOCUS
OUTER WORLD INNER WORLD
EXPRESSIVE MEASURED
SPEAK AS THEY THINK, THEN
THINK SPEAK
SOCIAL SOLITUDE
02 LEADERS COME IN ALL SHAPES AND SIZES
01 Come from all parts of your organization

02 Have different Strengths and Characteristics

ALL INTROVERTS
02 LEADERS COME IN ALL SHAPE AND SIZES
01 Come from all parts of your organization

02 Have different strengths and Characteristics

03 Able to engage and inspire others into action

04 Help paint an image in everyone’s mind of where they

are headed, and they coach the people around them
Leadership is a way of living that’s available to anyone in
our community who has the courage to :
03
02 To see their actions
through to a conclusion
01 Take responsibility for
Step up someone or something
 03
LEADERS REQUIRE
TRAINING AND GUIDANCE
Learning and honing new knowledge
and skills with discipline also improves
leadership
Jeff Bezos (2000) Jeff Bezos (2019)
 04
LEADERS CAN POSSESS
EMPATHY
As an empathic leader, you
must be able to understand the
needs of others and be aware
of their feelings and thoughts.
 76%
Empathy from leaders can lead
to positive outcomes.
 The disadvantage of an empathetic leader

Poor decisions Hamper diversity Limited

Distress Fleeting
05. EXPERIENCE INFLUENCE LEADERSHIP

Learn from work challenges and surrounding

experiences
Taking a leadership role in school, such as in
club and campus organizations.
-> Build up the confidence
05. EXPERIENCE INFLUENCE LEADERSHIP

Leaders can teach leadership qualities to

their followers
Watching famous or impactful leaders.
-> Learn how to handle difficulties
 06. LEADERSHIP NEEDS CLEAR PURPOSE AND CONTEXT
Problem solving

Making decision
Context of the workplace, the
employees, and the overall work.
 What makes an effective leader?
Clear vision
Knowledge

Real-world Empathy
experience
If your actions inspire others to dream
more, learn more, do more and
become more, you are the leader

—John Quincy Adams

THANK YOU!
Does anyone have
questions?

Group 1

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by

Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, infographics &
images by Freepik
•
RESOURCES
Beasley, W. (2023, January 2). Are Leaders Born or Made?. Exude Human Capital. https://exudehc.com/blog/leaders-born-or-
made/#:~:text=Many%20people%20have%20begun%20to
• Brower, T. (2021, September 19). Empathy Is The Most Important Leadership Skill According To Research. Forbes.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/tracybrower/2021/09/19/empathy-is-the-most-important-leadership-skill-according-to-research/?sh=231d87c43dc5
• Carter, R. H. and J. (2018, April 5). The Dangers of Being an Empathetic Leader. Entrepreneur. https://www.entrepreneur.com/l eadership/the-dangers-of-
being-an-empathetic-leader/311413
• Dalitz, J. (2015, October 15). Leadership comes in all shapes and sizes. Jen Dalitz. https://jendalitz.com/leadership/leadership-comes-in-all-shapes-and-
sizes/
• Day, D. V. (2000). Leadership development: A review in context. The Leadership Quarterly, 11(4), 581-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(00)00061-8
• Hallenbeck, G. (2022). How to Use Experience to Fuel Leadership Development. Center for Creative Leadership. https://www.ccl.org/articles/leading-
effectively-articles/use-experience-fuel-leadership-
development/#:~:text=Experience%20matters%2C%20because%20leaders%20are,skills%2C%20and%20challenge%20your%20abilities.
• Moran, M. (2020, May 7). What is effective leadership? It's all about context. The people space. https://www.thepeoplespace.com/brand/articles/what-
effective-leadership-its-all-about-context
• Monych, B. (2016, January 26). The Surprising Reasons Why Introverts Make Exceptional Leaders. Insperity. https://www.insperity.com/blog/the-surprising-
reasons-why-introverts-make-exceptional-leaders/
• McCune, A. M. (2022). Why a leader needs a sense of purpose? Amy Sue McCune. https://amysuemccune.com/leading/why-leader-need-a-sense-of-
purpose/
• Murphy, S. E. & Riggio, R. E. (2003). The Future of Leadership Development. In Google Books. PsychologyPress.
https://books.google.com.vn/books?hl=en&lr=&id=KM94AgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA11&dq=leadership+development+strategy&ots=SdXi0BbEyy& sig=n8P
siTOC0gmt3dzVxp5vzvArHlw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=leadership%20development%20strategy&f=false
• Tracey, M. L. (2021). The Importance of Leadership Experience in College. Grand Canyon University. https://www.gcu.edu/blog/business-
management/importance-leadership-experience-
college#:~:text=A%20major%20benefit%20of%20acquiring,leadership%20work%20at%20an%20organization.
• Why Leadership Experience is so important for College Students (2021). https://www.marian.edu/blog/posts/marian-blog/2019/11/12/why-leadership-
experience-is-so-important-for-college-students#:~:text=Taking%20on%20a%20leadership%20role,conquer%20a%20variety%20of%20challenges.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
The goal of this report is to examine why high schools in
vietnam are so preoccupied on test that it interferes with
students' learning and how this might be minimized.

This report is intended to serve as a warning to everyone who

has an impact on pupils, including schools, instructors, and
parents, to pay more attention to student and child issues due
to the effects of testing.

In order to lessen the negative effects of examinations on

pupils, the following paper gives proposals for improvement
and logical solutions:
1. Teachers have to adapt their methods of instruction.
2. Determine effective ways for students to do better than
tests
3. It is up to each pupil whether exams or other techniques
are used to evaluate their aptitude.

The information in this report is primarily secondary

information that is used to illustrate how the examinations
affect students' academic progress and to support the

1
remedies offered. The data is gathered from already
existing academic books, academic essays, and websites.

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Measures to evaluate a student's educational attainment in
Vietnam are a contentious topic especially is the test, when
they have a negative impact on the pupils. Exams can result in
more severe issues like sickness, depression, etc., but more
significantly, they can have an impact on students' academic
achievement. This occurs as a result of the examinations'
abrupt and frequent occurrence in Vietnam, as well as the
need for previous preparation due to the tests' relative
difficulty in requiring total memorization without consulting
the lesson or performing a fresh exercise. This is the most
significant factor for Vietnamese students since, although
exam results are highly significant, they only provide a partial
picture of a person's potential future.

2
CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM
According to the law of the Vietnamese Ministry of Education,
a subject with 35 periods in a school year will receive two
assessment marks; subjects with more than 35 periods in a
school year up to 70 periods in a school year will receive three
teaching credits; and subjects with more than 70 periods in a
school year will receive four credits.

3
Exams contribute to insomnia:
Due to the fact that most high school lessons in Vietnam
begin at 7, students must get ready for class before 6 a.m.
Furthermore, regular or irregular assessments may be
administered on virtually every school day in Vietnam,
therefore pupils are required to study before attending. Many
students struggle to obtain adequate sleep due to their
extensive learning.

4
Most students in Vietnam don't appear to have the chance to
get the recommended eight hours of sleep each night, as per
scientific research on sleep patterns. According to Cao (2022),
about 80% of students barely get 8 hours of sleep every night,
and more than 44% of students claimed that they haven't
been able to take a long nap in a while.

The stress of studying due to testing

Students are increasingly experiencing academic pressure,
which manifests as exhaustion, boredom, and tension when
studying. Students are under pressure not only because of
school examinations, but also because parents place a high
priority on education for their kids. Studying under pressure
can lead to a variety of unique issues, including bad

5
psychological or physical health issues. Up to 30% of students
who have academic difficulties also commit suicide (Nguyễn,
2023).

CAUSE OF THE PROBLEM

Heavy curriculum with large amount of
knowledge
6
 According to a view that it is difficult to identify children's strengths
and shortcomings, the
Vietnamese educational
system evaluates pupils
using a method that is
considered to be out-of-
date—it assigns grades.
Unscientific methods of
instruction overload young
individuals with a vast
amount of information.
Students cannot handle the
amount of intellectual capital
they must carry (Cao, 2022), this might result in additional issues
including pupils' health and psyche, particularly under the stress of
learning.

Responsibily
mentality
There are several reasons for
the responsibility mindset,
including rivalry among
classmates and a fear of
betraying parents or the
school. Children who perform
poorly in school will get criticism from instructors, parents, and friends
owing to the overemphasis on accomplishment. As a result, many kids

7
develop study habits out of a fear of falling short of their peers. Young
people try to imitate the accomplishments of others without realizing
their own potential, which makes it challenging for them to absorb
new information. This is due to the expectations that parents and the
school place on students, making them feel responsible for their
studies or that they are being compared to other students.

High expectations from family and school

Every parent appears to want their kids to do well in school so that
they might pursue popularity and careers in the future. The same is
true for educators; they all desire the best possible outcomes for their
kids. However, given that schools and parents frequently judge their
children and students based on their test results, a practice that some
students find objectionable, this overall pattern of labor places a
significant load on the expectations placed on pupils. Students are
under pressure because parents are monitoring their kids' grades and
assessing them based on them rather than their efforts. Over 50% of
students in Ho Chi Minh City's 74 high schools, 34 junior high schools,
8 elementary schools, and 34 other educational institutions report
feeling uninspired to study (Nguyễn, 2023).

50% of students

8
SOLUTIONS
01. Teachers have to adapt their methods of
instruction.
Teachers must come up with a teaching strategy that makes
kids love learning, such as rewarding students who correctly
answer questions based on how tough they are, or at the very
least, strategies that do not center on test results. Instead of
worrying about exams, pupils who are engaged in their
studies will learn more efficiently. High-quality schools in New
York and Boston generally do not focus on teaching to the
test (Neill, 2003).

02. Determine effective ways for students to do

better than tests

9
The way students are evaluated in Vietnam has to change;
rather than grading students solely through tests, there
should be various ways, such as a series of quizzes or chapter
tests in place of whole exams, student-proposed projects, or
the use of presentations. These techniques improve learning
for kids since they are all more successful at keeping students'
attention and determining their level of aptitude than
standard assessments.

03. Whether tests or other methods are utilized to

gauge a student's ability is up to them.
It is up to the students to decide if they should be taught using
the proper methods, for example kids with psychological issues,
cognitive issues, disabilities, etc. In Vietnam, a tiny percentage of
pupils struggle with thinking, yet they nonetheless take the same
exams as other students. Additionally, some students may not
be naturally endowed in a particular topic, therefore they are
urged to identify their areas of strength and use alternative
methods of evaluation in order to learn more quickly.

10
CONCLUSION &
RECOMMENDATION

In conclusion, assessments in Vietnam are having a significant

negative impact on pupils' ability to study, as well as other
11
factors like psychology, family happiness, etc. Therefore, tests
should be replaced with updated techniques; there are three
ways to do this to lessen the impact:

1. Teachers have to adapt their methods of instruction.

2. Determine effective ways for students to do better than
tests
3. It is up to each pupil whether exams or other techniques
are used to evaluate their aptitude.

The easiest and most efficient strategy to improve student

learning is to switch up the way you teach and create new
techniques to evaluate your pupils. In order to prevent issues
from getting worse, parents, schools, and students themselves
should ease the strain of learning on them. Assess pupils on
the basis of their efforts and not only their marks.

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A%ADp%20ch%C3%ADnh

Newsletter , I. (2002, August). The Dangerous Consequences of High-Stakes Testing, FairTest,

the National Center for Fair and Open Testing. IDRA. https://www.idra.org/resource-

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Neill, M. (2003, February 1). The Dangers of Testing. ASCD.

https://www.ascd.org/el/articles/the-dangers-of-testing

Dean, A. (2019, December 19). More Testing Means More Stress For Teens — And There’s No

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means-more-stress-for-teens-and-theres-no-solution-in-sight/

Cao, T. T. T. (2022, November 17). Áp lực học tập là gì? Cách giảm stress trong quá trình học

tập? Luật Dương Gia. https://luatduonggia.vn/ap-luc-hoc-tap-la-gi-hau-qua-va-cach-

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