Soal Pertemuan 2 dan 3 Sosiologi Simak KKI

1. What is the name of the process by which we acquire a sense of identity and
become members of society?

a) rationalization
b) colonization
c) McDonaldization
d) socialization
e) Realization

2. When sociologists study the structure of layers in society and people's movement
between them, they call this:

a) social stratification
b) social control
c) social conflict
d) social solidarity
e) social saturation

3. In idealized views of science, the experimental method is said to involve:

a) testing out new research methods to see which one works best.
b) isolating and measuring the effect of one variable upon another
c) using personal beliefs and values to decide what to study
d) interpreting data subjectively, drawing on theoretical paradigm.
e) using latest method procedure in order to achieve successful research

4. The Mafia is an example of:

a) white collar crime

b) organized crime
c) non-criminal deviance
d) global terrorism
e) classic crime

5. Comte's term 'positivism' refers to: Emile Durkheim

a) a theory that emphasizes the positive aspects of society

b) the precise, scientific study of observable phenomena
c) a theory that posits difficult questions and sets out to answer them
d) an unscientific set of laws about social progress
e) society that turn into applying positive behavior
6. 'Snowballing' is an example of:

a) probability sampling
b) non-probability sampling
c) cluster sampling
d) using the Christmas vacation constructively
e) weather phenomena

7. Durkheim defined social facts as:

a) ways of acting, thinking, and feeling that are collective and social in origin
b) the way scientists construct knowledge in a social context
c) data collected about social phenomena that are proven to be correct
d) ideas and theories that have no basis in the external, physical world
e) behavior that goes against social norms or laws established by society

8. The four ideal types of social action that Weber identified were as follows:
instrumentally-rational, value-rational, traditional, and...

a) affectual
b) affective
c) effective
d) infected
e) fluctuative

9. Structural-Functionalists describe society as:

a) a complex network of interaction at a micro-level symbolic

b) a source of conflict, inequality, and alienation conflict
c) an unstable structure of social relations
d) a normative framework of roles and institutions
e) interaction based on cost-benefit relationship exchange rational

10. White-collar crime is low in visibility because:

a) it involves only small amounts of money

b) the proletariat can outsmart the bourgeoisie
c) the police turn a blind eye to corporate crime
d) it goes undetected in the context of everyday business transactions(pencician
uang)
e) it is done by low rank people in the country

11. Society cannot be studied in the same way as the natural world (statement) V

because

we cannot collect empirical data about social life (reason)

12. When the researcher asks the respondent face to face question, this method is
called Questionnaire

BECAUSE

Observation play important role in social science data collection

13. It is often difficult for sociologists to ignore their personal values in sociological
research

BECAUSE

They often have to come in contact with the subject of their research

14. Social norms are:

1) creative activities such as gardening, cookery and craftwork

2) the symbolic representation of social groups in the mass media
3) religious beliefs about how the world ought to be
4) rules and expectations about interaction that regulate social life

15. The term primary deviation' refers to:

1) the punishment or stigmatization of deviant acts secondary

2) the labelling of an act as deviant through social reactions to it secondary
3) the deviant person shunned by society secondary
4) all of the above are wrong

16. The prohibition of incest is an example of:

a) values x

b) taboo v
c) mores

d) folkways

e) universal law x

17. The term inter-generational mobility refers to:

a) movement into a different occupational category over a person's lifetime
b) movement into different occupational categories between generations
c) movement into a higher occupational category
d) movement into an occupation that generates a lower income
e) movement into a high income occupational category

18. Parsons argued that the two main functions of the modern family were:

a) secondary socialization and strict discipline

b) emotional support and sexual gratification
c) primary socialization and personality stabilization
d) oppressing women and reproducing the labour force
e) primary caring and secondary trusting

19. Role-learning theory suggests that

a) we internalise and take on social roles from a pre-existing framework

b) we create and negotiate our roles through interaction with others
c) social roles are not fixed or stable but fluid and pluralistic
d) roles have to be learned to suppress unconscious motivations
e) people are first indoctrinated into deviant behavior by differential association with
deviant peers = differential association theory

20. In Symbolic Interactionist theory, Mead defined the 'generalized other' as:

a) the group of structural theories of society that he was reacting against

b) the overall impression of ourselves that we try to give off to others
c) a significant figure in early childhood who teaches us the general values of society
d) an image of how people in the wider society might perceive our behaviour

21. Weber (1919) said that the state's monopoly of the use of force was legitimated
by:

a) charismatic authority
b) rational-legal authority
c) traditional authority
d) value-rational authority
e) affective-legal authority

22. The theory of development which suggests that societies move from traditional to
modern, industrial forms of organization is called:

a) Westernization theory
b) Modernization theory V
c) Industrialization theory
d) Dependency theory
e) Development theory

23. Which of the following is not a feature of globalization?

a) an increasing awareness of the world as a whole
b) the extended power of nation states
c) the destruction of distance through communications technologies
d) the stretching of social relations beyond national boundaries
e) an extensive use of social media to connect with other people

24. In modern societies, social status is typically measured by a person's:

a) age
b) income
c) verbal fluency
d) occupation
e) hard work

25. The 'class polarization' that Marx predicted referred to:

a) the division of each social class into the more or less privileged
b) a growing gap between rich and poor, resulting in class consciousness
c) the growth of intermediate strata in the middle classes
d) the tendency for the working class to live in very cold places
e) class that only filled with poor and weak people

26. Which of the following research methods uses existing records?

A) survey research
B) questionnaire research
C) recreational research
D) observational research
e) archival research

27. When conducting social research, what is the next step in the scientific method
after a review of the literature?
A) collecting data
B) choosing a research design
C) selecting a researchable problem
D) formulating a hypothesis
E) report the result

28. Which of the following was supported by Durkheim's study of suicide?

1) Catholics had higher rates of suicide than Protestants.

2) Rates of suicide were higher in times of war than in times of peace.
3) Rates of suicide were lower in times of recession than in times of economic stability.
4) Individuals who were enmeshed in meaningful social bonds were less inclined to
commit suicide.

29. Meritocracy is a system in which rewards and social positions are based on
A) class and gender
B) ability and ethnicity
C) achievement and class
D) ability and achievement
E) Heir and class

30. which of the following best describes intergenerational

A) the son of a labourer becomes a labourer

B)after ten yrs of of formal edu, a skilled mechanic became a lawyer
C) Rary was demoted to clerical worker after working as an admin assistance for 10
yrs D) jane became a hospital receptionist and subsequently her daughter became a
med doctor
E) Albert was promoted to headmaster after working as sociology teacher for 20 years

31. maria, who has a son from a previous relationship, has married Marcel who has
two daughters. they all live in the same house hold. this family can be classified as?

A) nuclear
B) extended
C) matrifocal
D) reconstituted
e) Beanpole

32. weber's idea of social change was linked to:

A) mechanical society and modern society
B)traditional society and rational society
C) capitalist society and religion
D) organic solidarity and mechanic solidarity
33. All of the following are TRUE about the “status” of an individual EXCEPT

1) Statues are defined by an individual’s culture

2) Status can be involuntary.. bisa didapatkan tanpa usaha
3) One’s status may differ from one society to another
4) Statutes are always based on biological attributes

34) Examples of qualitative methods of social investigation includes…

1) structured interviews
2) overt and covert participation
3) focused group case studies
4) Observation

35) Which of the following terms describes the process where the dominant culture is
imposed on the subordinate culture?

A) Assimilation
B) Acculturation
C) Enculturation
D) Counter culture
E) Subculture