NON-PARAMETRIC TESTS:

CHI-SQUARE TEST:
Problem 1: GOODNESS-OF-FIT TEST FOR EQUAL EXPECTED FREQUENCIES
Null: There is no significant difference in the absence rate by day of the week.
Alternative: There is a significant difference in the absence rate by day of the week.
Alpha:0.01, n=445
TS: Chi-square test for equal expected frequencies
Decision Rule: Reject the null hypothesis if the chi-square value is greater than the chi-square
tabulated.
Computation:
Chi-square test stat: 60.90
Tabulated value: 13.6727
Decision: Since the chi-square value is greater than the tabulated value, reject the null
hypothesis.
Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the absence rate by day of the week.
Problem 2: GOODNESS-OF-FIT TEST FOR UNEQUAL EXPECTED FREQUENCIES
H0: The distribution regarding marital status in Philadelphia is the same as the rest of the
United States.
H1: The distribution regarding marital status in Philadelphia is not the same as the
rest of the United States.
Alpha: 0.02
TS: Chi-square test for unequal expected frequencies
Decision Rule: Reject the null hypothesis if the chi-square value is greater than the chi-square
tabulated.
Chi-square value: 2.3814
Chi-square tabulated:9.3484
Decision: Since the chi-square value is less than the tabulated value, we fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
Conclusion: The distribution regarding marital status in Philadelphia is the same as the rest
of the United States.

Problem 3: CHI-SQUARE TEST OF INDEPENDENCE/ CONTINGENCY TABLE

ANALYSIS
Null: There is no significant relationship between the location and the gender of the person
involved in an accident.
Alternative: There is a significant relationship between the location and the gender of the person
involved in an accident.
Alpha: 0.05
TS: Chi-square test of independence
Decision Rule: Reject the null hypothesis if the chi-square value is greater than the chi-square
tabulated.
Chi-square value: 16.67
Chi-square tabulated: 5.9915
Decision: Since chi-square value (16.67) is greater than the tabulated value (5.9915), reject the
null.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the location and the gender of the person
involved in an accident.
SAMPLE DATA USING SPSS
Is there a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents and
their assessment on the tourism impacts of Ilog Maria?

Null: There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile of the respondents and
their assessment on the tourism impacts of Ilog Maria.
Alternative: There is a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the
respondents and their assessment on the tourism impacts of Ilog Maria.

Alpha: 0.05, n=270

TS: TS: Chi-square test of independence
Decision Rule: Reject the null hypothesis if the p- value is less than the alpha (0.05).

p-
Demographic Profile Chi-square Value df value Interpretation
Age 12.121 9 0.207 Not Significant
Gender 3.748 3 0.29 Not Significant
Length of Residency 12.624 12 0.397 Not Significant
Educational
Attainment 29.682 9 0.001 Significant

WILCOXON SIGNED-RANK TEST

SAMPLE DATA:
Null: There is no significant difference in the readings between the two digital weighing scales.
Alternative: There is a significant difference in the readings between the two digital weighing
scales.
Alpha: 0.05, n=8
TS: WSRT
Decision Rule: Reject the null if p-value is less than 0.05, otherwise fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
Decision: Fail to reject the null
Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the readings between the two weighing scales.

WILCOXON RANK-SUM TEST/MANN WHITNEY U-TEST

SAMPLE DATA:
Null: There is no significant difference in the repair cost between the two purchased vehicles.
Alternative: There is a significant difference in the repair cost between the two purchased
vehicles.
Alpha: 0.05
TS: WRST
Decision Rule: Reject the null if p-value is less than 0.05, otherwise fail to reject the null
hypothesis.
Decision: We fail to reject the null since the p-value (0.3701) is greater than alpha (0.05).
Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the repair cost between the two purchased
vehicles.

KRUSKAL WALLIS TEST

SAMPLE DATA:
Null: There is no significant difference in the percent increase among the four various plants.
Alternative: There is a significant difference in the percent increase among the four various
plants.
TS: KWT
Decision Rule: Reject the null if p-value is less than 0.05, otherwise fail to reject the null
hypothesis.

Decision: We fail to reject the null since the p-value (0.113) is greater than alpha (0.05).
Conclusion: There is no significant difference in the percent increase in salary of managers
among the four various plants.

FRIEDMAN TWO-WAY ANOVA

SAMPLE DATA:
Null hypothesis: There is no significant difference between the performance of students in the
three subjects.
Alternative: There is a significant difference between the performance of students in the three
subjects.
Alpha: 0.05
TS: FRIEDMAN TWO-WAY ANOVA
Decision Rule: Reject the null if p-value is less than 0.05, otherwise fail to reject the null
hypothesis.

Decision: We fail to reject the null since the p-value (0.882) is greater than alpha (0.05).
Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the performance of students in the three
subjects.

SPEARMAN RANK CORRELATION:

SAMPLE DATA:
Null: There is no significant correlation between the ranks of coaches and writers.
Alternative: There is a significant correlation between the ranks of coaches and writers.
Alpha: 0.05, n=8
TS: SPEARMAN RANK CORRELATION:
Reject the null if p-value is less than 0.05, otherwise fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Decision: Since the p-value (0.002), is less than alpha (0.05), reject the null.
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between the ranks of coaches and writers. Further,
since the correlation coefficient is 0.905, it can be concluded that the relationship is strong
positive. The higher the rank of coaches, the higher the rank of writers and vice versa.