Zagazig University, Faculty of Engineering,

Mechatronics Program

“ Assignment (1)”
Automatic Control System

By: Hazem Tawfeek Yassen Tawfeek

Level: 400
Under supervision of : Dr.Soliman Elnaggar
(Q1)-
(a)-Reference Input: It is the out from the input element and can be compared with
the feedback

(b)-Comparator: It is the device which is used to compare the reference input

signal with the feedback signal to give the error signal or the actuating signal, and
sometime called the summing point or error detector

(c)-Controller : It is always called the controller or the controlling unit and it

represent in most cases the electric circuits which is needed to condition-ate the
actuating signal in order to complete the control process as the amplifier

(d)-System : It is the physical system which is wanted to control its output

variable, and can be expressed by a group of algebraic and differential
equations, which represent the relation between the variables within the system,
and sometimes called a plant.

(e)-Feedback Elements : It represents the measurement equipments which

needed to convert thecontrolled output to an applicable signal for feedback

(f)-Disturbance : It is a group of variable which happened to the controlled system

due to reasons out of the control process itself, but its effect reflects to the control
process in changing the output value, and may be internal or external

(g)-Controlled Variable : It is the output and it represents the direct variable which
is wanted to control it
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(Q3)- What are the advantages and disadvantages of the closed-loop control
system; mention only four daily used:
Advantages:
1- More accurate.
2- High speed of response.
3- Less sensitive to internal variation.
4- Reduce the disturbance and extract
it.5- Does not need calibration.

Disadvantages:
1-Complex and hard to maintenance.
2-High expensive and less economical.
3- There is stability problem.
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(Q4)-Draw a block diagram of the Humen Control System for A Care Steering, i.e. control
of wheel direction, and explaine in detail the system components and howit work

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(Q5)- Draw a block diagram of the Humen Control System for A Care Steering,
i.e. control of wheel direction, and explaine in detail the system components and
how it work:
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(Q6)- A ship autopilot is designed to maintain a vessel on a set heading while being

subjected to a series of distubances such as wind, waves and current as shown in the
figure. This method of control is referred to as course-keeping. The main elements of the
autopilot system are shown in the figure. Descibe the controlprocess with the aid of its
block giagram.