LESSON #07

Name Rehana Habib Class B.Ed

Roll No BT611356 Class Concerned 9Th

Subject Bio Topic

Classification of
carbohydrates
Duration One Period Date

Av-Aids:
Marker, duster, pointer, writing board, charts, book

Objectives (concepts & skills)

After reading this topic students will able to
➢
Classify the carbohydrates
➢
Differentiate between mono, disaccharides and polysaccharides
➢
To explain examples of monosaccharide, disaccharides and polysaccharides
➢
Mention the sources of all types of carbohydrates
Topic Subject Matter W.B.S

The teacher will enter in the class by saying Asslam-u-

alaikum to the students and will check the seating
arrangements of class. And ask the students to any one of
them tell a good talk to whole class.

➢
What do you know about carbohydrates?
➢
What are the sources of carbohydrates in your daily life?
➢
What are the functional groups present in carbohydrates?
➢
Would you explain that carbohydrates are source of energy?

On receiving the expected answer of the last question from the

students the teacher will introduce the topic and will write it on
to the board. .

The teacher will use the direct method and also write the main
points related to the topic on the board.

Introduction

A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C),

hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–
oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical
formula Cm(H2O)n (where m may be different from n).

Some of the major groups under which the carbohydrates are

divided with its

chemical structures and functions are as follows:

The carbohydrates, or saccharides are most simply defined as

polyhydroxy aldehydes or

ketones and their derivatives.

 Topic Subject Matter W.B.S
Introduction 1.2.1 Classification:
Carbohydrates are divided into three major groups:

(I) Monosaccharides

P.K testing Monosaccharides (Simple Sugars):

Monosaccharides are those sugars which cannot be hydrolysed into a
simpler form. They
have the empirical formula (CH2O)n. The simplest monosaccharide’s are
the three carbon tirelessly carbaldehyde and dihydroxyacetone.

Announce Depending upon the number of carbon atoms they possess, simple sugars
ment of may be
topic
subdivided into different classes such as trioses, tetroses, pentoses,
hexoses or heptoses;
and as aldoses or ketoses, based upon whether the aldehyde or ketone
Presentatio n groups are present.

II. Disaccharides:

Disaccharides consist of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic

linkage (C-O-C).
Their general formula is Cn(H2O)n-1 The most common disaccharides
are maltose, lactose
and sucrose.
They are complex carbohydrates which are formed by polymerisation of
large number of
monosaccharide monomers. Polysaccharides are also called glycans.
They are long chained which may be branched or unbranched.
On complete hydrolysis with acid or specific enzymes, these
polysaccharides yield monosaccharides and/or simple
monosaccharide derivatives.
 Topic Subject Matter W.B.S

Display of Summary:
chart
The teacher will display the charts to show the structure and different classes
of
carbohydrates. First teacher read with the help of pointer and then ask the
students to read

Evaluation
Find out the amount of carbohydrates mentioned on at least 5
food packings of different materials at your home and mention
them in your notebook.

The teacher will leave the class under the supervision of class
monitor till come the next teacher by saying “Allah Hafiz
.