Government Boys Degree College Pishin

Department: Chemistry
Instructor: Lecturer Muhammad Yousaf
Final Term Examination
Total Marks: 40
Section A

Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks)

1. Which of the following elements belongs to Group 15 of the periodic table?
a) Sodium (Na)
b) Nitrogen (N)
c) Aluminum (Al)
d) Magnesium (Mg)
2. Which of the following elements is a halogen?
a) Boron (B)
b) Fluorine (F)
c) Phosphorus (P)
d) Calcium (Ca)
3. Which of the following elements is commonly used as a semiconductor in electronic
devices?
a) Silicon (Si)
b) Sulfur (S)
c) Chlorine (Cl)
d) Argon (Ar)
4. Which of the following elements exhibits the most significant inert pair effect?
a) Boron (B)
b) Aluminum (Al)
c) Thallium (Tl)
d) Lead (Pb)
5. The inert pair effect results in the formation of compounds with:
a) Higher oxidation states
b) Lower oxidation states
c) No change in oxidation states
d) Variable oxidation states
6. The pH scale measures the:
a) Concentration of hydrogen ions
b) Concentration of hydroxide ions
c) Concentration of both hydrogen and hydroxide ions
d) Concentration of water molecules
7. A solution with a pH of 3 is considered:
a) Acidic
b) Neutral
c) Basic
d) Alkaline
8. The common ion effect is observed when:
a) Two ions combine to form a precipitate
b) Two ions compete for the same receptor site
c) The presence of a common ion reduces the solubility of a compound
d) The presence of a common ion increases the solubility of a compound
9. The pH scale ranges from:
a) 0 to 10
b) 0 to 14
c) 1 to 13
d) -1 to 1
10. Which of the following substances is classified as an acid?
a) Sodium hydroxide
b) Sodium chloride
c) Hydrochloric acid
d) Potassium nitrate

Section B:
Short Questions (20 marks)
1.Define the term "acid" and provide an example?
2. Define the term "p-block elements" and mention their general
electronic configuration?
3. What are indicators? Provide two examples of indicators used to test
for acids and bases?
4. Provide an example of a common compound that contains a p-block
element?
5. What is meant by electronegativity?
Section C:
Long Questions (10 marks)
1. Explain the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases and discuss its
limitations?
2. Explain the concept of pKa and pKb, and how they relate to the
strength of acids and bases?