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(5
2
2 6
Datos. Masas atómicas: H = 1; N = 14; Cl = 35’5
Solución
3 A$4. $. I A$)
- B <A$)
D#
#4 I ) *# 2 #: * #: # A$)!
# $. ! - B
D#
$. # I )868 2 )&68 * ! 3 $.
D#
# * )&68 * 2 )&68 $. !
3 = 2 E
!-
<A$) 2 # <A$) EJ# <A$) I # <$. K 2 # E % 2 (68
<$. 2 # <$. EJ# <A$) I # <$. K 2 # E % 2 (68
; # " 1 1 #
" 5C * " *
' $ "
2 6
Solución
. B
-*12 *0* B
1 1 2 * 0 * E - B
D#
2 2; <
E; < * !
D#
@,% <@,% 2 % E <)% I % * #& * 2 <% E &4 2
D#
(6()# ! ! @,) <@,) 2 % E <)% I ) * #& *
2 <% E 7( 2 (6(%8 =
2 <%: I %:) F 2 )(( F! -
@
< 2 <@,% I <@,) 2 (6()# I (6(%8 2 (6(8&
3 = 2 E
!-
<@,% 2 (6()# E (6(8& 2 (6884
<@,) 2 (6(%8 E (6(8& 2 (644&
2 " "
2 " " D "
Datos. R = 0’082 atm L K-1 mol-1. Masas atómicas: H = 1; He = 4.
Solución
.
D# D#
% * * $% I 4 * * $ 2 &(
$% 2 $
0 2 2 #(
- B
- 2 *-
@ +
2 " " D
2 " "
Datos. R = 0’082 atm L K-1 mol-1.
Solución
3 B
2 " D "
2 " " " ! " 2
( " " "
Solución
!
3 B
2 - * 1 E 0 * 2 % * % 3 E(6(7% 3 FD# D#
* <%:) I )( F 2
(6#&# $%!
2-*1E0* 24 * %( 3 E(6(7% 3 FD# D#
* <%:) I )( F 2
)6%%( A%!
3 (6#&# I )6%%( 2 )6)7# !
3 ? B
2-*1E0* 2# * % 3 E(6(7% 3 FD# D#
* )() F 2 (6(7(
? !
3 B B 2 )6)7# H (6(7( 2)6)(#
B
-< 2 <)6)(# * (6(7% *3*FD# * D#
* )() F E %( 3 2 46# !
3 %( 3!
-
B - 2 *-
3 B
! B
? ? +
B !-
<$% 2 (6#&# E )6)7# 2 (6(47
<A% 2 )6%%( E )6)7# 2 (6>8%
Solución
. - 2 - !-
9 9
! -
-12 0 2 0 E;
; !
D#
2-1;E0 2% * #( 3 * 44 * E(6(7% 3 FD# D#
* )(( F 2
)867 .,%
D#
2-1;E0 2% * #( 3 * %7 * E(6(7% 3 FD# D#
* )(( F
2 %%67 .,
* " # 6-
Datos. Masas atómicas: H = 1; S = 32; O = 16
Solución
. /
; <$%@,4 2 % #I# )% I 4 #& 2 >7
- #((
>7 #((
= = 2 %5(4 L $
%
>7 #((
= = 2 )%5&8 L @
)%
>7 #((
= = 2 &85)# L ,
&4
$ (. # (2 *
2
2 (.. 2
2
Datos. A + F (G < F (,G 1 F (4
Solución
.
; <$A,) 2 # I #4 I ) * #& 2 &)
3
; <$A,) 2 <#( E &) E # 3 2 (6#8> ;
2
2 6 $
Datos. A + F (G 1 F (4G < F .
Solución
3 ;2 E #(((
!-
D#
; 2 #( E 4( * 2 (6%8
- 2- H 2 #6(# * 3D#* 8(( 3
H #( 2 4>8
; 2 <(6%8 E (64>8 M 2 (68(8
3
2 E 2 (68(8 EJ(68(8 I <#((( E #7 *
D#
K 2 (68(8 E<(68(8 I 8868& 2 (6((>
2 E 2 8868& EJ(68(8 I <#((( E #7
D#
* K 2 8868& E<(68(8 I 88688 2 (6>>#!
; " (5H , I
E H54 I " 0E
*
2 6 "
b) 2 6
A + F (G * F (
Solución
#:5%4
$ = #:5%4
# E
7%5:&
. = &57:
#% E
3 !@
B
#:5%4 &57:
$ = %58( != . = # !
&57: &57:
. B / /
.%$8
. +
' 6 (0.C * 6 6
*
2 6 6 "
) ./.4 I 1 ),./( I * ) (..I
' - ! "
/0. 4 6 (/4.(E
"
A + F (G 1 F (4G F G * F 4 /0
Solución
3
D#
@ 2 %(6(& E )% * 2 (6&%:
D#
, 2 4(6#% E #& * 2 %68(7
D#
. 2 )>67% E&)68 * 2 (6&%:
3 !@
B
@ 2 (6&%: E (6&%: ! 2 # !
, 2 %68(7 E (6&%: !2 4 !
. 2 (6&%: E (6&%: ! 2 # !
. B / /
. @,4!
Solución
@
L , 2#(( D &467 D #)6&# 2 %#68>
"
<
854((
. = 45(
#5)8(
#)5&#
$ = #(5((
#5)8(
#5)8(
, = #
#5)8(
3 C4 H10 O
-
B
% ;
= = ; 2 :4 E
(5&(4 3 %%54 3
:4 2 #% 4 I #( # I #& 2 :4
2#
3 C4 H10 O
* /05 " # * + 1
" 0/(, *1 ./:.(0 +1 * # # 6 "
" %
Datos. A + F (G * F ( G 1 F (4
Solución
@ B
44 .,% 85#4)
= = 2 #54(
#%
#7 $% , (5>(#8
= = 2 (5#((
% $%
- / /
.7 $6,4
' 6 )<+, 1, 6
*
' " " "
2 6 " " (. J
. %7 L
. B #)% %7
= #( F
0 2 # 6- (/E, B :4I
" 0. 2
*
= " " " "
A + F (G 1 F (4G F
Solución
. %8 3
2 * 1 2 #674 E 3 %8 3 2 4&
. B ? >&L < /
; <$%@,4 2 >7
445%
$%@,4 2 = (548
>7 E
-
(548
;2 = #57
(5%8 3
; - %8 3 ? %8( 3
!
- ? %8( 3 O #8(
3 ? O %8 3
/ B
/ ! @
! " O
B
!- / ?
?
!
A + F (G 1 F (4G < F
Solución
3 %8( 3 (6(%8 ;
9 2; *1
; <A ,$ 2 4(
. 7(L ? A ,$
#((
9 A ,$ 2 (6%8 2 (6)# A ,$
7(
; C ?
? %8( 3 !
- @ (6)#
O B #(( 3
? !@ B !"
?
B O B B !
+ ? !@
!" O
B
!- / ?
?
!
* 0 I
"
A + F (G 1 F (4G < F !
Solución
3 8L B 8
< #((
A ,$ 2 8
3 <
; <A ,$ 2 4(
8 A ,$
4( E
2 = = #5)%
F >8 $%,
#(((
' " #
(H B 2 4I " *
6
A + F (G 1 F (4G * F 0H0
Solución
. / B
. )& L
4)%
9 $. 2 = ##57
)&58 E
:&7
9 $%, 2 = 4%5:
#7 E
##57 $.
<$. 2 = (5%#:
##57 $. I 4%5: $% ,
4%5: $% ,
<$% , 2 = (5:7)
##57 $. I 4%5: $% ,
. < I < 2#
. B (6%#: I (6:7) 2 #
B 4)%
< :&7 <
4)% $.
)&58 E
2 = = #854#
F (5:&7 F $%,
0 2 /0 A * 1, $
,0. 2
* # 6 %
* # 6 %
A 1 F (4G F G * F 4 /0
Solución
. B (6(&%
<PP
(5(&% . @,4
;2 = (5#4
(548( 3
(. # # 6- *
' $ 5* 5,.
"
2 6 6
E.I
3 F ./.E ?2? KL(? L(
A 1 F (4G F G M F 40/,
Solución
@
Q I $%@,4 → Q @,4 I $%
. ; <Q 2 &864 ?
#(
; Q 2 = (5#8
&854 E
3 B + # Q # $%
; Q 2 $% 2 (6#8
<# ! 2 :&( $
:4(
2 = (5>:4 !
:&(
2 %:) I %: 2 )(( F
0 B + # Q # Q @,4
; <Q @,4 2 #@
. B ?
# Q (5#8
= = 2 %45%# Q @,4
#6 Q @,4
. 7(L B
Solución
@
% A . I $%@,4 → A %@,4 I % $.
0 B # + $%@,4 % $.
@ B # 4%L
9F $. 2 #((( F (64% 2 4%( F $.
- / 4%( F
; <A . 2 8768
%$% I ,% → % $%,
0 B + % $% % $%,
# ,% % $%,
% $% # ,%
. B B
B B B
!" %(
% % $% %(
= = 2 #&( ,%
)% ,%
. &( +
B
)% ,% &(
= = 2 &:58 $% 1
)& $%,
+ B &( B
)% ,% &(
= = 2 :58 $%
% % $%
-
9 $% 2 %( H :68 2 #%68 $%
"
*0*
12
"
. ; <$%, 2 #7 /
&:58
$%, 2 2 )6:8
#7 E
'
< * N 7 <1 → 7 * N < <1
! " " " (.. 2
" ./0 A (.. 2 ./, A%
* $ "
Solución
3 B !
0 B + # A . # " A,)
# A . # " .
# " A,) # " .
3 B #(( 3 (68 ;
3 B #(( 3 (64 ;
9 A . 2 (64 E3 (6# 3 2 (6(4
- B +
B
; <" . 2 #4)68
# A . (5(4
= = 2 85:4 " .
#4)58 " .
B (6(8
(6(4 < B
B + (6(4 (6(4
B (6(# !
; <" A,) 2 #:(
9 " A,) 2 (6(# #:( E 2 #6: " A,)
. " .. 2 # 4 A *
"
! # # %
! $ 5C* " 54.
# " %
3 F ./.E ?2? KL( ? L(
A + F (G * F 0/0G M F 40/,
Solución
Q I %$. → Q . % I $%
0 B + # Q % $.
. Q
; <Q 2 &864
%(
Q 2 = (5)#
&854 E
. + $.
. B +
B (6)# Q
# Q (5)#
= = 2 (5&% $.
% $.
0 Q (6&% #6%
!- !
0 B + # Q $%
. (6)# ? (6)#
! -
*0*
12
2 :&( $ 2# !
2 %:) I %: 2 )(( F
(5)# (5(7% * 3*F D# * D#
)(( F
12 = :5& 3
#
* +<1 4I "
(/ B 2
!$ # " " " ./0 2
./ 0 A%
A + F (G < F (,G 1 F (4G
Solución
#((
2 = 12 = 7#5>: 3
1 #5%% E 3
; <$A,) 2 &)
)&
9 $A,) 2 = (58: $A,)
&) E
-
(58: $A,)
;2 = &5>8
(5(7% 3
. $A,) (68
(6%8 ;
(5%8 $A,)
= = 2 (5#%8 $A,)
#3 (58 3
&6>8 B (6#%8
$A,)
&5>8 $A,) (5#%8
= = 1 2 #7 3
#((( 3 1
&
7 <1 N * → < 10 N 7 * NO1
*
2 < 10 " . 7 <1
' $ . C* 4 .
3 F ./.E ? 2? KL( ? L(
A <F(,G 1F(4G 7 F(.E
Solución
- /
B + % " A,) # A%,8
. /
B + % " A,) (68 ,%
% #:( " A,) %(
= = 2 (5() ,%
(58 ,%
"
(5() (5(7% * 3*F D# * D#
%>) F
12 = (577) 3 ,%
&%(
:&(
; +<1 (0 A (>,. B 2 *
2 " +<1
' $ " " " (. 2
+<1 .>.0 A
A < F (,G 1 F (4G + F (
Solución
; <$A,) 2 &)
2 #8 &) E 2 >48
$A,) >48
L 2 #(( 2 #(( 2 &:58L
#4((
-
#( (6(8 ;
. #8 $A,)
B (6(8 ;
#((( 3 1
= = 1 2 ))5)) 3
#8 $A,) (58
& +* ./ A
2 +* . 2
' $ # P . 2 +* ./ A "
" . .( A " $ - $
A + F (G * F 0/0
Solución
. $. B (6% $.
; <$. 2 )&68
9 $. 2 (6% )&68 E 2 :6) $.
- %( 3
:5) $.
= = 2 (5#4& $.
#((( 3 %( 3
/ $. %( 3 (6% ;
(5#4& $.
9 $. = 2 (5((4 $.
)&58 E
(6(# ;
(5((4 $.
1 = 2 (54 3
(5(# $. E3
- B B O
4(( 3 H %( 3 2 )7( 3
' # 6- -
< N + 1, → < 1 , N +
; " 2
# 6- (E A * " D
* $ " 0 C* (
. " # 6-
3 F ./.E ?2?KL(? L(
A < F 0E/5
Solución
. / % 3 <(6((% 3
B / /
/ B
B
; <A 2 876:
%5##
L B = #(( 2 :(5) L
)
0 B + # A # $%
. B
875: A %( A
= = 2 (5)4 $%
# $%
* 6 E.I "
N
" " " 0.. 2 ./( A )<
! " 6 $
$ 4.I " %
A + F (G 1 F (4G < F G F
Solución
3 8(( 3 (6# ;
I
(5# A I
= = 2 (5(8 A
#3 (58 3
#4% A % @,4
= = 2 )588 A %@,4
% A I (5(8
. B ? 7(L
#((
9 A %@,4 2 )688 2 4644 A %@,4
7(
@ ?
. B ? &(L
#((
9 A %@,4 * #( $%, 2 76(8 2 #)64% A %@,4 * #( $%,
&(
Solución
. B ? >7L
; <A $.,) 2 74
% 74 A $.,) 4>
= = 1 2 &58 3
%%54 3 .,% 1
- *1 -*1
=
# &58 3 #5% 1
= = 1 2 85> 3
%:) F <%:) I %8 F
+ /
0 B + % A $.,) # .,%
% 74 A $.,) 4>
= = 2 (5%> .,%
# .,%
0 B + % A $.,) # A %.,)
; <A %.,) 2 #(&
% 74 A $.,) 4>
= = 2 )(5> A %.,)
#(& A %.,)
7 0 # 6- ,(. +
-
@ N + 1, → @ 1, N +
*
2 @
' $ # 6- ./0 A
A @ F .5G F
Solución
3 B / (64# 3
$%@
; <- @ 2 %)>
%)> - @
= = 2 454 - @
%%54 3 $% @ (54# 3
454
3 B ? #(( 2 77 L
8
0 B + # - @ # $%@,4
3 / B 464 - @
; <$%@,4 2 >7
%)> - @ 454
= = 2 #57 $% @,4
>7 $% @,4
#57 $% @,4
$% @,4 = = (5(#7
>7 E
Solución
0 B + % F. ,) % F.
; <F. ,) 2 #%%68 = ; <F. 2 :468 = ; <,% 2 )%
. F
% #%%58 F. ,)
= = 2 #&445) F. ,)
% :458 F. #(((
. B ? 7(L
#((
9 F. ,) 2 #&446) 2 %(8864 F. ,)
7(
0 B + % F. ) ,%
3 F. #F
#(((
9 F. 2 2 #)64
:458 E
. B
% F. #)54
= = 2 %(5# ,%
) ,%
- B
' 6 "
" " 6 -
< 1, N 8 * → 8 1, N < *
* # 8 1, 6 E/0 2
6 ./50 A %
* # 2 ./(0 A "
./4 6 %
A 1 F (4G F G 8 F( 5
Solución
0 B + # A %@,4 # C @,4
3 768 3 (6:8 ;
.
; <C @,4 2 %))
# A % @,4 &54 * #( D)
= = 2 #54># C @,4
%)) C @,4
0 B + # C . % # C @,4
. (6&
# C .%
= = 2 %587 * #( D) C .%
%)) C @,4 (5&
(6#8 ;
%587 * #( D)
12 2 (6(#: 3 2 #: 3
(5#8 E3
Solución
. ; <$. 2 )&68
(578&
9 $. 2 2 (6(%)
)&58 E
. B + B # " A,)
# $.
; <" A,) 2 #:(
9 " A,) 2 (6(%) #:( E 2 )6># " A,)
- B ?
8 #((
= = 2 :75% L
)5># " A,)
B %( 3 (6(%)
(5(%)
;2 2 #6#8 ;
(5(%( 3
* P (.. 6
) -
* * ) N + 1 → * )1+ ) N *+ )
* #
6 #
3 F ./.E ?2?KL(? L(
A + F (G * F ( G 1 F (4G * F ,.
Solución
0 B + # . .% # .%$%
&4 . .% #((
= = 2 4(5&) .%$%
%& .% $%
0 B + # .%$% % .,%
%& .% $% 4(5&)
= = 2 )5#) .,%
% .,%
" +
%& .% $% 4(5&)
= = 1 2 :( 3 .,%
% %%54 3 .,% 1
; (.. " .
-
*+, N 1 → *1 N +1
* +4 N 1 → *1 N +1
*
' $
2 6
Solución
2 3 = 2 3
I 2 #((
3 +
*+, N 1 → *1 N +1
* +4 N )5B 1 → *1 N +1
2 " 6
2 2
2 /0 2
' N /0 F .
3 $ F . 2
F E. 2
2 6 $ "
6 F . 2 B (.. 2 F ./ "
6 F E. 2 B (.. 2 F ./E "
* " -
Q N ((B 1 → , 1 N Q 1
6 " (... 2 + 1, E A 9
(.. I
Solución
B % G @% 4 @,%
B ? 4 $%@,4!
- B
#((( 3 * 7 ; 2 #((( 3 * 7 * 3D# 2 7((( $%@,4
R B 4((( G @%!
" B M
D#
4((( * <88678 I % * )% * 2 4((( * ##>678 * 24:>4((
#((( M !
" G @% 2 4:>64 M !
. #((( M
G @% B 4:>64 M ?
B
P ? 2 #((( M H 4:>64 M G @% 2 8%(6& M !