Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region X – Northern Mindanao
Division of Cagayan De Oro City
MACABALAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro City

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the discussion on this session, 90% of the students will be able to:

● identify and describe about unintentional injury, prevention, safety and first aid.
● distinguish on how to responds proper first aid procedure for common unintentional
injuries
● develop their knowledge and understanding about the topic.
●
II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Unintentional Injury, Prevention, Safety and First Aid.

Unit: 3rd Quarter (04/18/2023)
Grade/Year: Grade 9
Reference: Physical Education and Health 9 p. 320-362
Materials: Power Point Presentation
Speaker
Projector
Pictures
Videos

III. PROCEDURE

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY LEARNER’S ACTIVITY

A. Preparatory Activity

1. Greetings

- Good Morning Class - Good Morning, Ma’am

- How are you today? - We are all ok ma’am.
 - 2. Prayer
STUDENT: Dear Lord,
- Let us all stand for our opening prayer We thank you
may I call Ms. ____ to lead the prayer. for this day and the many
blessings we have received.
We ask that you would bless
the work that we do here in
our class and give us
patience, courage, and
perseverance to face
whatever challenges may
come. Bless our teachers
and students with
wisdom to learn from each
other. AMEN
- Thank you, _____.
- Before you take a seat kindly arrange your
chair properly.
- Thank you, you may now take a seat.

- Once again, Good morning class! - Good Morning, Ma’am.

3. Checking of Attendance

- At this point, let me check your (Students will say “present” once
attendance. If I will be calling your name, their name is called)
please say present.
- Present
- Gonzaga? - Present
- Nambatac? - Present
- Agbay? - Present
- Co? - Present
- Ebana?

- Good Job! No one is absent today.

4. Review
- Who among here still could remember the
lesson in PE that Ms. Lizel discussed?

- STUDENT: We discussed
 - Yes, Ms. __? about unintentional injury,
- Thank you. prevention, safety and first aid.

- Anyone else?
- STUDENT: We also
- Yes, Mr.___? discussed and explain the 2
surveys in firs aid.

- Thank you. It seems that you still

remember your previous lessons. And by
this time, let’s a review about what we
discussed in our Health subject.
- STUDENTS: Yes, ma’am.
- Are you ready?

5. Motivation

- Very Good!
- Before we start with our discussion of our
next review, let’s have an activity first.
This is called “READ ME FIRST!”

- Today we are going to have an activity,

before you answer or write on the paper
READ the instructions first and READ
everything.
- STUDENTS: Yes, ma’am.
- Do I make myself clear? - STUDENTS: READY!
- Are you ready?

- Okay thank you so much for your

participation, and please settle down.

B. DISCUSSION PROPER

- Let us first define what is First aid

(Students read and define First aid)
- Please Read.

THE BASIC FIRST AID

First aid is an immediate and temporary

care given to a person who suddenly gets
ill or injured. It includes self-help and
home care if medical assistance is not
available or delayed. It can mean the
difference between life and death in
extreme cases.

In First Aid two most important

assessment of the causality.

1. Primary Survey

Primary Survey of the victim is used when

the victim is unconscious and to find out
and immediate life-threatening conditions
(Students are listening)
What to do

1. Danger. Before approaching the

casualty, always make sure the area
is safe.
2. Response. Check if the casualty is
responsive or unresponsive apply
the ABC rule.
3. Airway. Next, you need to check
that the airway is open and clear
4. Breathing. You now need to check
if the casualty is breathing (Students are listening)
normally.
5. Circulation. Locate the pulse using
your middle finger if not
responsive revive circulation,
perform CPR immediately.

2. Secondary Survey

Secondary Survey is used when the victim

is conscious or has revived. It aims to
detect everything about the patient’s
condition.

1. Allergy – Do they have any

allergies? For example, nuts or any
medication such as penicillin or
aspirin?
2. Medication – are they taking any
medication?

3. Previous medical history – do

 they suffer from any medical
condition such as diabetes, epilepsy
or heart disease? Have they had
any previous injuries or surgery?
4. Last meal – when they last eat or
drink?
5. Event history – what happen and
where? Is the incident due to an
illness or an accident? Ask any
people nearby what happen and
look for any clues that may give
you more information. - STUDENTS: Primary and
Secondary surveys.
- Again, what are the two surveys
in first aid?

Vital signs- this include pulse,

respirations, skin signs, pupils and
blood pressure.

Normal heart rates at rest:

• Children (ages 6 - 15)

70 – 100 beats per minute
• Adults (age 18 and over)
60 – 100 beats per minute

Head to Toe Examination of a Trauma (Students are listening)

Patient with Significant MOI- The
physical examination of the patient should
take no more than two to three minutes.

Neck - Examine the patient for

point tenderness of deformity of the
cervical spine. Any tenderness or
deformity should be an indication
of a possible spine injury.

Head - Check for scalp cuts,

bruises, swellings, and other signs
of injury. Examine the skull for
deformities, depressions, and other (Students are listening)
signs of injury. Inspect the
eyelids/eyes for impaled objects or
other injury. Determine pupil size,
equality, and reactions to light.

Chest - Examine the chest for cuts,

bruises, penetrations, and impaled
objects. Check for fractures. Note
chest movements and look for
equal expansion.

Abdomen - Examine the abdomen

for cuts, bruises, penetrations, and
impaled objects. Feel the abdomen
for tenderness. Gently press on the (Students are listening)
abdomen with the palm side of the
fingers, noting any areas that are
rigid, swollen, or painful. Note if
the pain is in one spot or
generalized.

Lower Back - Feel for point

tenderness, deformity, and other
signs of injury.

Pelvis - Feel the pelvis for injuries (Students are listening)

and possible fractures. After
checking the lower back, slide your
hands from the small of the back to
the lateral wings of the pelvis.
Press in and down at the same time
noting the presence of pain and/or
deformity.

Genital Region - Look for wetness

caused by incontinence or bleeding
or impaled objects. In male patients
check for priapism (persistent
erection of the penis). This is an
important indication of spinal
injury.

Lower Extremities - Examine for

deformities, swellings, bleedings,
discolorations, bone protrusions
and obvious fractures. Check for a
distal pulse. The most useful is the
 posterior tibial pulse which is felt
behind the medial ankle. If a
patient is wearing boots and has
indications of a crush injury do not
remove them. Check the feet for
motor function and sensation. (Students are listening)
Upper Extremities - Examine for
deformities, swellings, bleedings,
discolorations, bone protrusions
and obvious fractures. Check for
the radial pulse (wrist). In children
check for capillary refill. Check for
motor function and strength.

DRESSING AND BANDAGES

Dressing – A piece of sterile cloth

that covers a wound to prevent
infection or stop bleeding.
Bandage – is a piece of material (Students are listening)
used either to covering wounds, to
keep dressings in place, or to apply
pressure controlling the bleeding.
Sterile - Free from bacteria or
other living microorganisms;
totally clean.
Compress – flatten by pressure;
squeeze or press.

Techniques in Applying a
Dressing
1.Wash hands and wear gloves, if
conceivable.
2.Unwrap the dressing as near the
injury as could be expected under
the circumstances. Be certain not to
contact the injury.
3.If the dressing slips over the
casualty's skin while you are
attempting to situate it, dispose of
and utilize a new one.
4.Place the dressing over the injury.
5.Use a dressing that is sufficiently (Students are listening)
enormous to reach out at any rate 1
inch past the edges of the injury.
6.If body tissue or organs are
uncovered, spread the injury with a
dressing that will stick.
7.Then secure the dressing with a
swathe or sticky tape.
A. Cold Compress – is used to
reduce swelling and relieve pain,
especially used for sprains and
strains.

Wounds – is a break in the

coherence of a tissue in the body. It
might be shut in which there is no
break or harm in the skin. It is
additionally called hematoma or
injuries.
(Students are listening)
Kinds of Open Wounds

Puncture – is a penetrating injury

brought by nails, needles and other
pointed objects.
Abrasion – is caused by rubbing or
scraping the skin against a rough
surface.
Incision – is a cut caused by knife, - .
broken glass or any sharp object.
Laceration – is an unpolished
breaking or tearing of delicate
tissues typically coming about
because of misusing apparatuses
and different mishaps
Avulsion – is a coercive tearing or
halfway tearing endlessly of
tissues.
How to Manage Wounds:
For management of hematoma, we
use RICE method.
a. Resting the injured part
b. Ice application (Students are listening)
c. Compression
d. Elevation
ONE-MAN TRANSPORT

Transporting or carrying an injured person

to a secure place requires substantial care.
A rescuer must undertake proper training.

ONE PERSON LIFT (LOVER’S

CARRY)
- This method works with a very
light victim.
- Place your arms under the knees
of the victim and around their back.
FIREFIGHTER CARRY
- This technique is used to carry a
victim into longer distances.
Getting the victim in this position
requires more strength.
PACK STRAP CARRY
- When injuries make the rescuer
carry too risky, this technique is (Students are listening)
better for longer distances than the
one-person lift.
ASSIST TO WALK
- The one-person assist to walk
offers the least possibility for injury
to both rescuer and the victim.
SHOULDER PULL
- It supports the victim’s head. The
negative, the rescuer have need of
to bend over at the waist while
pulling.
BLANKET DRAG
- This technique can be performed
with a blanket, a sheet, tarp, or
towel that will achieve certain goal.

TWO-MAN TRANSPORT (Students are listening)

HUMAN CRUTCH/TWO-
PERSON DRAG
- For the conscious victim, this
technique allows to move victim’s
 leg using the rescuers as a pair of
crutches.

FOUR HANDED SEATS

- This method is for lifting
conscious victim to moderate
distances. The victim must be able
to stand unassisted and hold upright (Students are listening)
during transfer.
CHAIR CARRY
- This is a good technique for
lifting the victims up and down
stairs or through narrow or uneven
areas.

THREE-MAN TRANSPORT

- This method is for lifting a patient

into a bed or stretcher, or for
transferring those short distances.

HAMMOCK CARRY
- Three or more rescuers get on
both sides of the victim. The
strongest member is on the side
with the fewest rescuers.

BEARER ALONGSIDE CARRY

- Carriers will stay on the uninjured
side of the victim.

SIX MAN LIFT AND CARRY

- Where there are six first aiders

Musculoskeletal Injuries & Heat

Emergencies (Students are listening)

Musculoskeletal injuries involve

sprain a stretched or torn ligament,
a strain where there is stretching or
tearing of the tendon or muscle.
Fractures are defined as any break
on the continuity of the bone.

Basic first-aid procedure for

fracture is the following:

•Immobilize the injured area. Never

try to realign the bone or push the
bone that is sticking out back in.
•Apply a splint to the area above
and below the fracture sites.
Padding can help reduce
discomfort.
•While waiting for medical help,
stop any bleeding by applying
pressure to the wound with a sterile
bandage or a clean cloth.
•Apply an ice pack for 10-15
minutes every 1-2 hours.

1. Recognize heat stroke

•Seizure
•Disorientation
•Unconsciousness
•Body temperature is above 39°C
•Rapid pulse rate
•Reduced sweating

2.Lower body temperature

quickly.
While waiting for medical care to (Students are listening)
arrive, the following first-aid
attention should be given.
•Get the person into the cool shade,
well–ventilated place or air-
conditioned area.
•Spray the victim with cool water,
or apply cold wet clothes or ice
packs to the armpit, neck and groin.
•Do not give the victim anything to
drink if the person is not responsive
or vomiting.
3. Treat Symptoms
•If the victim experiences seizures,
keep him or her safe from injury.
•If the victim vomits, turn the
person on his or her side to keep
the airway open.
Bleeding first-aid procedures are
the following.
•Apply direct pressure on the
injured area.
•Place sterile dressing over the
injury and secure with tape or tie
just tight to control the bleeding.
•Elevate the injured arm, leg or
head above the level of the heart to
help control the bleeding.
•Do not elevate or move an area of
the body with fracture until a splint
is applied.

Poisoning, Choking, and

Drowning
Poisoning happens when toxic
substances are introduced to the (Students are listening)
body by one of four routes:
ingestion (eating), inhaling
(breathing), absorption (through
skin or eyes), or injection (sting or
insect bite).

1. Swallowed poison.
•If the victim is unconscious, call
for medical help immediately.
•If the victim is conscious, call the
poison control center for
instructions.
•Lay the person on his/her left side
to keep the windpipe clear,
especially if the person vomited.
Keep a sample of the vomit in a
poison container.

2. Inhaled poison
•Protect yourself. Move the person
outdoors if you can for fresh air.
Try not to breathe the fumes
yourself.
•Follow steps 1 and 2 for
swallowed poison
 3. Chemical poison on skin
•Flood the skin with water for 5 or
more minutes.
•Remove the clothing that was in
contact with the person.
•Gently wash the skin with soap
and water. Rinse well. Seek for
medical care immediately.

Heart Attack, Electrocution and

Burn

Heart attack or myocardial

infarction is a crushing and
squeezing chest pain accompanied
by nausea, sweating and shortness
of breath. It occurs when the flow
of blood to the heart is blocked.

Burns can be minor medical - STUDENTS: Yes, ma’am.

problems or life-threatening - STUDENTS: NO, ma’am.
emergencies. The treatment of - STUDENTS: NO, ma’am.
burns depends on the location and
severity of the damage

Do I make myself clear?

Any clarifications?
Questions?

APLLICATION

- I will divide the class into 3 groups

and They will practice and perform
the different techniques which are
the One man, two man and Three-
man rescuer in transporting and
carrying victim with unintentional
injuries.

SUMMARY

First aid skills not only give students

 the ability to safe life, knowing how to
respond in an emergency can also
boost self-confidence, self-esteem,
teamwork and communication skills.
It’s a blessing if we could extend our
help to others. Being informed on the
ways or techniques in managing
wound through dressing and
bandaging is very essential. With the
growing number of accidents
happening in the country we should be
vigilant and be ready to help or take
responsibility in every situation.

Injuries are part of the game,

proactively responding to perform
first-aid procedures with accuracy is
vital. Being RICE (Rest, Immobilize,
Compress, Elevation) conscious will
be of greater help on becoming an
effective first-aider. Basic knowledge
and skills for first-aider is necessary to - STUDENTS: Yes, ma’am.
properly and confidently handle - STUDENTS: NO, ma’am.
accidents and can potentially help save
lives.

- Do I make myself clear?

- Any questions and clarifications?
Thank you!

I. EVALUATION
 Open your book to page 343 answer Activity 13 – Twist and Double match.
Answer it on your activity notebook.

II. AGREEMENT/ASSIGNMENT

Study the lesson in Quarter 3, from lesson 1 to 5 for your 3rd Quarter final
examination.

Prepared by: KEITH SAJULGA

Student Teacher

Approved b: MRS. LIZEL SAJULGA

Critique Teacher