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1.1.introduction Handout
1.1.introduction Handout
1.Introduction
Seyfe N.
February 22, 2021
Introduction
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Matrix Method of Structural Analysis 2/22/2021
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Matrix Method of Structural Analysis 2/22/2021
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Matrix Method of Structural Analysis 2/22/2021
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Matrix Method of Structural Analysis 2/22/2021
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Matrix Method of Structural Analysis 2/22/2021
(i) the location on the structure where the force is applied or displacement is measured,
(iii) Direction
Force vector Displacement vector
The structure ,an assembly of elements, the elements are connected to one other at a
finite number of points known as nodes.
In a framed structure, each element has only two nodes.
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The degrees of freedom (DOF) of a node are the number of independent displacements
that the node can undergo.
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For the analysis of structures, two different coordinate systems for forces and displacements
are used.
A single global coordinate system (X, Y, and Z are corresponding global axes) is used to
specify the forces (P) and displacements (D) at the nodes of the structure.
A local coordinate system (x, y, and z are the corresponding local axes) will be used for
each element to indicate the element forces (p) and the corresponding displacements (d).
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In the matrix method of analysis, it is assumed that the loads act only at the nodes.
Distributed loads or other types of loads acting on the elements must be replaced by
equivalent loads acting at the nodes.
The loads grouped into two categories, nodal loads P and element loads.
The element loads are replaced by equivalent nodal loads Pe.
Combined nodal loads Pc = P + Pe.
The principle used to find the equivalent nodal load Pe is that the nodal
displacements obtained by analyzing the structure subject to combined nodal
loads Pc will be equal to displacement of the structure caused by actual loads.
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The procedure for finding Pe and Pc for two-span continuous beam subjected to
nodal and element loads
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Consider the structure subjected to element loads (Figure e), the structure is restrained
against all nodal displacements (DOF = 0) by introducing nodal restraints (i.e., all the nodes
of the structure are fixed) as shown in Figure f.
The support reactions of the restrained structures are found out. Since all the nodes are
fixed, the support reactions are also known as fixed end actions PF.
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the nodal displacements due to combined loads will be the same as due to
the real loads.
To observe this, consider the superposition of the nodal displacements of the
structures shown in Figures h and j.
This gives the nodal displacements of the structure subjected to real loads
(Figure a).
However, in Figure h, since all the nodes are fixed, the nodal displacements
in this case are zero.
Hence, the nodal displacements of the structure subjected to combined
loads will be equal to the nodal displacements caused by actual loads.
+ =
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Determine the nodal loads required for analyzing the continuous beam and plane
frame shown in Figure 1 and 2
Figure 1
Figure 2
February 22, 2021 Introduction 25
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A structure can be statically indeterminate externally (in this case excess supports will be
present) or statically indeterminate internally (due to excess elements) or both (due to
excess supports and elements).
In flexibility method, forces are treated as unknowns, DSI is very important.
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Constrained DOF
February 22, 2021 Introduction 31
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Example
Determine the DSI of the
structures shown in Figure.
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Example
Determine the DSI of the
structures shown in Figure.
Example
Determine the DSI of the
structures shown in Figure.
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Example
Determine the DSI and DKI
of the structures shown in
Figure.
Example
Determine the DKI of the
structures shown in Figure.
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Matrix Method of Structural Analysis 2/22/2021
Example
Determine the DKI of the
structures shown in Figure.
Example
Determine the DKI of the
structures shown in Figure.
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Both the supports and the members of any structure must be adequate in number and in
geometrical arrangement to insure that the structure is not movable
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