BLOOKET TIME!

Pre-Test about Impulse

01
and Momentum

OBJECTIVES
02

What should you learn

after the lesson

LESSON PROPER
03

Impulse and Momentum

PERFORMANCE TASK
04

Ways to Avoid Car Accidents

QUARTER 4 MODULE 3: IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM
 After going through the lesson, you should be able to:

➢ apply the law of conservation of momentum to real life situations

(interaction between a stationary body and a moving body);
02
➢ apply the law of conservation of momentum to real life situations
(interaction between two objects moving in the same and opposite
What should you learn after

directions);
OBJECTIVES

the lesson

➢ apply the law of conservation momentum to real life situations

(recoil interaction); and
➢ distinguish between elastic and inelastic collisions.
 In Grade 8, you learned that unbalanced
forces cause stationary objects to move.
In fact, according to Newton’s Second
03 Law of Motion, the greater the force
applied, the larger the acceleration of an
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

object. It also stated that with the same

force, heavier objects have smaller
acceleration, thus,
Net force = mass x acceleration or 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/forces-and-motion-basics/latest/forces-and-motion-basics_en.html
 What affects motion?

03
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

CARGO TRUCK SMALL CAR

𝒎 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒌𝒈 𝒎 = 𝟐, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒌𝒈
𝒗 = 𝟒𝟎𝒌𝒎/𝒉𝒓 𝒗 = 𝟒𝟎𝒌𝒎/𝒉𝒓

If the two vehicles suddenly lose their breaks and crash against the brick wall, which do you
think would be more damaging? On what factor would the impact of collision depend if their
velocities are the same?
 What affects motion?

03
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

CAR A CAR B
𝒎 = 𝟐, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒌𝒈 𝒎 = 𝟐, 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝒌𝒈
𝒗 = 𝟓𝟎𝒌𝒎/𝒉𝒓 𝒗 = 𝟑𝟎𝒌𝒎/𝒉𝒓

Which car is more difficult to stop? Which of the two cars has more momentum? Car A,
being faster, is more difficult to stop. It has more momentum.
 MOMENTUM

Operationally, momentum is
defined as the product of mass
03 and velocity.
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣
𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒:
𝑝 = 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚
𝑚 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑣 = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
 CONCEPT CHECK !
1. Which has more momentum, (1) a huge truck that is not moving or (2) a small toy cart
that is moving?
(2) a small toy cart that is moving
03 2. A moving car has momentum. If it moves twice as fast, its momentum would be
twice as much.
_________
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

3. Two cars, one twice as heavy as the other, moves down a hill at the same time.
greater momentum.
The heavier car would have a __________
 CHANGES IN MOMENTUM

Changes in momentum
happen every time. A fast-
03 moving car that suddenly
stops might have damaging
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

effects not only to the

vehicle itself but also to
the person riding it.
 CHANGES IN MOMENTUM

In physics, an external force acting on an object over a specific

time leads to a change in momentum of the object.

03
Impulse and Momentum

𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑠𝑒 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒

LESSON PROPER

𝐼 = 𝐹𝑡
𝐼 = ∆𝑝 = 𝑝𝑓 − 𝑝𝑖
𝐹𝑡 = ∆𝑝
𝐹𝑡 = 𝑚∆𝑣
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

1. A bowling ball whose mass is 4.0 𝑘𝑔 is rolling at a rate of

2.0 𝑚Τ𝑠. What is its momentum?
03 Given:
𝑚 = 4.0𝑘𝑔 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

𝑣 = 2.0 𝑚Τ𝑠 𝑝 = (4.0𝑘𝑔)(2.0 𝑚Τ𝑠)

𝑝 =? 𝑝 = 8.0 𝑘𝑔𝑚Τ𝑠
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
2. Tiger Woods hits a 0.2𝑘𝑔 golf ball, with a force of 20𝑁.
What impulse does he impart to the ball if the ball was hit for
0.1𝑠?
03
Given: 𝐼 = 𝐹𝑡
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

𝑚 = 0.2 𝑘𝑔
𝐹 = 20𝑁 𝐼 = (20𝑁)(0.1 𝑠)
𝑡 = 0.1 𝑠 𝐼 = 2.0 𝑁𝑠

Find:
𝐼 =?
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

3. A skateboard is rolling at a velocity of 3.0 𝑚Τ𝑠 with a

momentum of 6.0 𝑘𝑔𝑚Τ𝑠. What is its mass?
03
Given: 𝑝
𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣 𝑚=
Impulse and Momentum

𝑣 = 3.0 𝑚Τ𝑠
LESSON PROPER

𝑣
𝑝 = 6.0 𝑘𝑔𝑚Τ𝑠 6.0𝑘𝑔𝑚Τ𝑠
𝑚=
3.0𝑚Τ𝑠
Find:
𝑚 =? 𝑚 = 2.0 𝑘𝑔
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

4. A 0.30𝑘𝑔 golf ball was hit with a force of 10.00𝑁. How

long does it takes the ball to hit the ground if it has a velocity
03
of 8.30 𝑚Τ𝑠?
𝑚∆𝑣
Given: 𝐹𝑡 = 𝑚∆𝑣 𝑡=
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

𝑚 = 0.30𝑘𝑔 𝐹
𝐹 = 10.00𝑁 (0.30𝑘𝑔)(8.30 𝑚Τ𝑠)
∆𝑣 = 8.30 𝑚Τ𝑠 𝑡=
10.00𝑁
Find:
𝑡 = 0.25𝑠
𝑡 =?
 LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
For a collision occurring between object 1 and object 2 in
an isolated system, the total momentum of the two objects before
the collision is equal to the total momentum of the two objects
03 after the collision. That is, the momentum lost by object 1 is equal
to the momentum gained by object 2.
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

𝑝1 + 𝑝2 = 𝑝1 ′ + 𝑝2 ′
𝑚1 𝑣1 + 𝑚2 𝑣2 = 𝑚1 𝑣1 ′ + 𝑚2 𝑣2 ′

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Momentum-and-Collisions/Collision-Carts/Collision-Carts-Interactive
 LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM

Consider the example of an air-filled

balloon as described under the third law of
motion. In this case, the balloon and the air
03 inside it form a system. Before releasing
the balloon, the system was at rest and
Impulse and Momentum

hence the initial momentum of the system

LESSON PROPER

was zero. As soon as the balloon is set free,

air escapes out of it possesses momentum.
To conserve momentum, the balloon moves
in a direction opposite to that of air
rushing out.
 LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM

A system of gun and a bullet. Before

firing the gun, both the gun and the
bullet are at rest, so the total
03 momentum of the system is zero. As
the gun is fired, bullet shoots out of
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

the gun and acquires momentum. To

conserve the momentum of the system,
the gun recoils. According to the law of
conservation of momentum, the total
momentum of the gun and the bullet
will be zero after the gun is fired.
 TYPES OF COLLISIONS

ELASTIC COLLISION

03 It is one in which the total

kinetic energy of the system
Impulse and Momentum

does not change and colliding

LESSON PROPER

objects bounce off after

collision.
 TYPES OF COLLISIONS

INELASTIC COLLISION
03
It is one in which the total
kinetic energy of the system
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

changes and colliding objects

stick together after collision.
 TYPES OF COLLISIONS

ELASTIC INELASTIC

The total kinetic energy of the bodies at

03 The total kinetic energy is conserved. the beginning and the end of the collision
is different.
Impulse and Momentum
LESSON PROPER

Momentum does not change. Momentum changes.

Kinetic energy is changed into other

No conservation of energy takes place. energy such as sound or heat energy.

Highly unlikely in the real world as there is This is the normal form of collision in the
almost always a change in energy. real world.
 THE ROAD TO SAFETY
(Performance Task)

Create infographics
showing the ways to avoid
04
car accidents.
You must express your
Ways to Avoid Car Accidents
PERFORMANCE TASK

thoughts through pictures

and information about the
topic.
PERFORMANCE TASK

04
Ways to Avoid Car Accidents
(Performance Task 1)
THE ROAD TO SAFETY