Volvofaultcode 1

Service Manual
Buses
Group 28
Release 01
MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU)
Multiplex electrical system Version 2
20 036171
Foreword
Descriptions and instructions in this handbook are based on design and
method studies up to and including June 2005.
The products are under continual development. Values and repair

methods may therefore differ on vehicles and components manufactured
after this date.
This service information uses the following observation and warning levels:
Note! indicates a situation, use or circumstance that should

be emphasised.
Important! indicates a situation, use or circumstance that is

important to be aware of in order to avoid personal injury
or damage to the product.
Caution! indicates a potentially dangerous situation that unless it is

avoided may lead to minor or moderate personal injury or
damage to the product.
Warning! indicates a potentially dangerous situation that unless it is

avoided may lead to lethal injury, serious personal injury
or damage to the product.
Danger! indicates an apparent dangerous situation that unless it is

avoided may lead to lethal injury or severe personal injury.
Order number: 20 036171
© 2005 Volvo Bus Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of Volvo Bus Corporation.
ENG17759
Contents
General .................................................................................................... 3
Multiplexed electrical system ................................................................. 3
Specifications ......................................................................................... 4
Engine ECU, signal descriptions ........................................................... 4
Tools ........................................................................................................ 8
Special tools .......................................................................................... 8
Design and Function ............................................................................. 9
Malfunction ........................................................................................... 13
MID 128 Engine control unit, fault codes ............................................. 13
Fault code troubleshooting ................................................................... 16
MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unit .............................. 19
MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percent .................................................... 20
MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status ........................................................ 22
MID 128 PID 49 ABS control status ..................................................... 23
MID 128 PID 50 Default message on SAE J1708 ............................... 24
MID 128 PID 84 Road speed ............................................................... 25
MID 128 PID 85 Cruise control status ................................................. 26
MID 128 PID 91 Accelerator pedal position ......................................... 28
MID 128 PID 94 Fuel delivery pressure ............................................... 30
MID 128 PID 97 Water in fuel indicator ................................................ 32
MID 128 PID 98 Engine oil level .......................................................... 34
MID 128 PID 100 Engine oil pressure ................................................. 36
MID 128 PID 102 Boost pressure ........................................................ 38
MID 128 PID 105 Boost air temperature .............................................. 40
MID 128 PID 106 Boost pressure ........................................................ 42
MID 128 PID 107 Air filter differential pressure ................................... 44
MID 128 PID 108 Atmospheric pressure ............................................. 46
MID 128 PID 110 Engine coolant temperature .................................... 47
MID 128 PID 111 Coolant level ............................................................ 49
MID 128 PID 153 Crankcase pressure ................................................ 51
MID 128 PID 158 Battery voltage ........................................................ 53
MID 128 PID 171 Ambient temperature ............................................... 54
MID 128 PID 172 Air inlet temperature ................................................ 55
MID 128 PID 174 Fuel temperature ..................................................... 57
MID 128 PID 175 Engine oil temperature ............................................ 59
MID 128 PID 224 Electronic immobilizer ............................................. 61
MID 128 PID 228 Road speed sensor calibration ................................ 62
MID 128 PID 245 Total vehicle distance .............................................. 63
MID 128 PID 251 Default message on SAE J1708 ............................. 64
MID 128 PID 252 Default message on SAE J1708 ............................. 65
MID 128 PPID 86 Engine brake torque percent .................................. 66
MID 128 PPID 122 VCB Engine compression brake ........................... 67
MID 128 PPID 123 EPG 2 ................................................................... 68
MID 128 PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor ................................... 70
MID 128 PPID 125 EOL ....................................................................... 72
MID 128 SID 1/2/3/4/5/6 Injector ......................................................... 73
MID 128 SID 17 Fuel shutoff valve ...................................................... 76
MID 128 SID 18 Drain valve, water separator ...................................... 78
MID 128 SID 20 Timing sleeve ............................................................ 80
MID 128 SID 21 Engine position timing sensor ................................... 81
MID 128 SID 22 Engine speed sensor ................................................ 83
MID 128 SID 23 Rack actuator ............................................................ 85
MID 128 SID 24 Rack position sensor ................................................. 87
MID 128 SID 33 Fan control ................................................................ 88
MID 128 SID 64 Redundant engine speed sensor .............................. 89
1
MID 128 SID 70 Preheater element 1 .................................................. 90
MID 128 SID 71 Preheater element 2 .................................................. 91
MID 128 SID 78 Fuel priming pump .................................................... 92
MID 128 SID 85 Piston cooling valve ................................................... 94
MID 128 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1 ............................................ 95
MID 128 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link ........................................... 96
MID 128 SID 232 5 Volt DC supply ...................................................... 98
MID 128 SID 240 Program memory .................................................... 99
MID 128 SID 250 J1587/1708 Information link .................................. 100
MID 128 SID 253 Data set memory EEPROM .................................. 101
MID 128 SID 254 Engine electronic control unit (EECU) ................... 102
MID 128 PSID 161 VIN ...................................................................... 103
MID 128 PSID 162 VIN ...................................................................... 104
MID 128 PSID 201 SAE J1939 Data link interruption ........................ 105
MID 128 PPID 273 UREA-pressure ................................................... 107
MID 128 PPID 274 Temperature sensor UREA-tank ......................... 107
MID 128 PPID 275 Temperature sensor, pump unit .......................... 107
MID 128 PPID 277 Air pressure sensor 1 .......................................... 107
MID 128 PPID 278 Level sensor UREA tank ..................................... 107
MID 128 PPID 385 Battery voltage .................................................... 108
MID 128 PPID 387 Temperature sensor after catalyst ...................... 108
MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage valve, drive stage ..................................... 108
MID 128 PSID 74 Regulation valve, drive stage ................................ 108
MID 128 PSID 76 Return valve, drive stage ...................................... 108
MID 128 PSID 77 Calibration memory EEPROM .............................. 109
MID 128 PSID 79 UREA-flow ............................................................ 109
MID 128 PSID 80 Return valve .......................................................... 109
MID 128 PSID 81 Emergency shut-down .......................................... 109
MID 128 PSID 83 Air pressure sensor 2 ............................................ 109
MID 128 PSID 85 Main relay ............................................................. 110
MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage, ignition ..................................................... 110
MID 128 PSID 87 Speed, pump motor .............................................. 110
MID 128 PSID 88 Pump unit, heating ................................................ 110
MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage valve ........................................................ 110
MID 128 PSID 93 Estimation, dosage ............................................... 111
MID 128 PSID 94 Pump unit, heating ................................................ 111
MID 128 PSID 229 SAE J1939 Data link interruption, UDS .............. 111
Feedback
2
Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) General
General
Multiplexed electrical system
Volvo Bus has introduced an integrated multiplexed
electrical system consisting of control units that define the
subsystems and functions in the bus.
The multiplexed electrical system has four data links: The

A-bus handles the driveline functions, the B-bus the body
functions and the C-bus the chassis functions with the
D-bus forming a link between the C-bus and the B-bus.
The control units on the A-bus communicate over a fast
control link J1939 and a slower information link J1708.
Control signals are sent on the fast link, while information
and diagnosis signals are sent on the slow link.
T3016118
Multiplexed electrical system
3
Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Specifications
Specifications
Engine ECU, signal descriptions
Marking 1 Engine variant
2 Engine designation
3 Unit injectors
1 = Lucas
2 = Bosch
4 Engine brake
EPG = exhaust brake
VEB = compression brake
T2018779
and exhaust brake
BxDxH 225 x 256 x 60 mm
Weight 2,900 g
Operating temperature -40 C to +85 C
Storage temperature -40 C to +85 C
Supply voltage 24 V
Data links 1 control link SAE link J1939:

250 kbit/s
1 information link SAE link
J1587/J1708: 9.6 kbit/s
Inputs 37
Outputs 28
4
Pin description, connector A

Pin Signal type Function Engine type Fault code
A1 Analogue input Oil temperature All engines PID 175
A2 Analogue input Charge air temperature All engines PID 105
A3 Analogue input Charge air pressure: All engines PID 102
A4 Output Power supply, 5V All engines PID 232
A5 Input Ground connection All engines PID 232
A7 Analogue input Engine speed, camshaft position sensor D12C, DH12C, SID 21
DH12D
Engine speed, injection pump D7C SID 21,
SID 64
A8 Digital output Actuator control rod + D7C SID 23
A9 Digital output Actuator injection angle + D7C SID 20
A10 Digital output Actuator injection angle - D7C SID 23
A11 Output Unit injector cylinder 1 D12C, DH12C SID 1
A12 Output Unit injectors cylinders 1, 2, 3 D12C, DH12C, SID 1-3
DH12D
A13 Analogue input Fuel temperature D12C, DH12C, PID 174
DH12D
A14 Analogue input Oil pressure D7C, D12C, PID 100
DH12C, DH12D
A15 Analogue input Needle lift sensor + D7C SID 21
A16 Analogue input Control rod position D7C SID 24
A17 Input Control rod position, ground connection D7C SID 24
A18 Analogue input Engine speed, camshaft position sensor D12C, DH12C, SID 21
DH12D
Engine speed, injection pump D7C SID 21,
SID 64
A19 Digital output Electric fuel pump - DH12D SID 78
A21 Digital output Actuator injection angle - D7C SID 20
A22 Output Unit injector cylinder 2 D12C, DH12C, SID 2
DH12D
DH12D
A24 Output Unit injector ground connection, cylinders 4, 5, 6 D12C, DH12C, SID 4-6
DH12D
A25 Analogue input Coolant temperature All engines PID 110
A27 Analogue input Fuel pressure D12C, DH12C, PID 94,
DH12D, D7C PID 135
A28 Analogue input Needle lift sensor - D7C SID 21
A29 Analogue input Control rod position reference D7C SID 24
A30 Analogue input Engine speed, flywheel - All engines SID 22
A31 Analogue input Engine speed, flywheel + All engines SID 22
A33 Digital output VCB compression brake D12C, DH12C, PPID 122
DH12D
DH12D
5

DH12D
DH12D
6
Pin description, connector B

B1 Data J1939 control link CANH All engines SID 231
B2 Data J1939 control link CANL All engines SID 231
B3 Analogue input Ambient temperature All engines SID 172
B4 Input Buffered idle switch All engines SID 230
B5 Digital input Pre-heating 1, heater diagnostics D12C, DH12C, SID 70
DH12D, D7C
B6 Digital input Water in fuel, sensor DH12D PID 97
B7 Analogue input Warning low coolant level All engines PID 111
B8 Power supply Signal ground to sensor All engines
B9 Power supply Ground connection All engines
B10 Power supply Ground connection All engines
B11 Power supply Power supply, +30 All engines PID 158
B12 Power supply Power supply, +30 All engines PID 158
B13 Input Signal ground to sensor All engines
B14 Output Power supply 5V, crankcase ventilation pressure DH12D PID 153
sensor
B15 Analogue input Oil level DH12D PID 98
B16 Not used Not used
B17 Analogue input Air filter indicator All engines PID 107
B21 Digital output Solenoid valve, hydraulic pump DH12C, DH12D, SID 33
GH10C
B22 Power supply Oil level sensor, power supply DH12D PID 98
B24 Analogue input EOL (End Of Line) programming activation D12C, DH12C, PPID 125
D7C
Crankcase ventilation pressure DH12D PID 153
B25 Data Data link J1708A All engines SID 250
B26 Data Data link J1708B All engines SID 250
B31 Digital output Pre-heating relay D12C, DH12C, PID 45
DH12D, D7C
B34 Digital output Engine shut-off valve D7C SID 17
Piston cooling valve DH12D SID 85
B35 Digital output EPG 1 D7C, D12C, PPID 124
DH12C
EPG (PWM) DH12D
B36 Digital output EPG 2 PPID 123
7
Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Tools
Tools
Special tools
For information on ordering special tools, please refer to the special tools information,
group 08.
2 x 9998699 9812519
Breakout box 62-pole Multimeter
9998534 9998567
Adapter cable Adapter cable
T3015505
2 x 9998505 9990008
Adapter cable Box with measurement pins
8
Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Design and Function
Design and Function

Design
The connector pins on the engine control unit (EECU)
have different electrical properties. The abbreviations
used for the different signal types are described below.
HDI High Digital Input
LDI Low Digital Input
GDI General Digital Input (HDI/LDI,

selectable)
HDO High Digital Output
LDO Low Digital Output

HTDI High Digital Input True
LTDI Low Digital Input True
HLDI High Low Digital Input
AI Analogue Input
AO Analogue Output
RES Resistance
The signal types HDI, LDI, HDO and LDO have different
logics and structure in the control unit. The signals
have therefore different properties; see table. Note
that the limits for the different signal characteristics are
programmable and can therefore differ slightly between
the different pins. Signal types AO, AI and PWM have
fully individual programmable properties and will therefore
not be covered in more detail here.
Limits, % of Ubat HDI LDI HDO LDO HTDI LTDI HLDI

1
U > 75% True Error True False True False
25% < U < 75% False False Error Error Error Error Error
2
U < 25% Error True False True False True
1
True or False, the logic is programmable.
2
False or True, the logic is programmable.
9
List of parameters
VDA ID Title Description Value Unit
AIS Injector cylinder 1, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,
the number is on the injector.
AIT Injector cylinder 2, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,
AIU Injector cylinder 3, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,
AIV Injector cylinder 4, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,
AIW Injector cylinder 5, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,
AIX Injector cylinder 6, calibration Calibration number for fuel injector,
AIZ Fuel consumption, calibration 010 – 10
percent
AJ Differentiated speed limiter Activation of various speed limits 30 – 100 km/h
when driving in highest or next
highest gear. Parameters DV, 9G
and 9H must also be programmed
if this function is activated.
AU Max engine speed, stationary Maximum engine speed when 600 – 2600 rpm
vehicle is stationary
DL Radiator fan, min. time on The shortest time the radiator fan 0 – 300 s
can be switched on.
DM Radiator fan, min. time off The shortest time the radiator fan 0 – 300 s
can be switched off.
DN Fleet ID 010 – 10
DP Speed limitation Maximum speed limitation. 30 – 100 km/h
Value cannot be set higher than
parameter 9D.
DV Speed limit in next highest gear Determines the speed limit 30 – 135 km/h
when the next highest gear is
engaged. Value must be lower
than parameter DP.
9D Speed limit, EU legislation Maximum vehicle speed. 100 – 140 km/h
Maximum speed is governed
by legal requirements in some
countries.
9G Gearbox, gear ratio in highest Gear ratio in top gear. The gear 30 – 125 %
gear ratio can be found in the vehicle
specification. Gear ratio must
be specified so that the control
unit can calculate which gear is
engaged.
9H Gearbox, gear ratio in next highest The gear ratio in the next highest 100 – 150 %
gear gear.
10
Function
The following functions are handled by the engine control
unit (EECU).
Cold start Idling signal to body

The driver should select engine pre-heating when the When the accelerator pedal is released and the engine
coolant temperature is below 10 C. Pre-heating is is idling, a signal will be sent from one of the vehicle
selected either by turning the ignition key to the position control modules. Pressing down the pedal will send a
between 2 and 3 or by turning the power supply switch to signal from the engine control unit (EECU), via the vehicle
C. This sends a signal to pin A7 in the vehicle control unit control unit (VECU), to the control module (CM), which
(VECU) requesting engine pre-heating. The signal is sent sends a signal to the body. This function can be used
on to the engine control unit (EECU) via the control link by the bodybuilder, for example, to turn off the interior
SAE J1939 The engine control unit then sends a signal via lighting next to the driver when the bus pulls away from a
pin B31 to trigger the starting heater relay. When the relay bus stop. On vehicles equipped with the Volvo Bus body
triggers, a strong current is sent to the starting heater multiplex, the signal is sent to the body via a data link.
element and the starting heater indicator lamp comes
on. The heating element remains active for a period of Injection control
time that is determined by the coolant temperature. The In normal driving conditions, the engine control unit
engine control unit (EECU) receives the temperature (EECU) will obtain the accelerator pedal position from a
signal from the coolant temperature sensor on pin A25. signal from the vehicle control unit (VECU) via the SAE
Once a suitable period of time for preheating has expired, J1708 information link and the J1939 control link. On
the indicator lamp is extinguished to indicate to the driver engine types without unit injectors, the engine control unit
that the engine can now be started in the normal way. (EECU) controls the fuel injection pump with this signal. A
sensor for the injector needle provides the control unit with
Exhaust pressure governor the actual time of injection. The actual time of injection
The buses are equipped with an exhaust pressure is compared with the programmed injection timing, the
governor to ensure that the engine heats up rapidly and alpha value. The alpha value is adjusted as necessary by
has cleaner exhaust emissions. Once the conditions for the program to obtain correct injection control. Injection
exhaust limitation have been fulfilled, the two valves EPG control is essential so that load conditions and emission
1 and EPG 2 will close the exhaust pressure governor. regulations can be complied with.
The conditions for this function that must be fulfilled are
that the engine load is less than 200 Nm, engine speed Hydraulic oil pump for radiator fan
below 900 rpm, coolant temperature below 75 C and Several Volvo Bus engines are cooled using an
parking brake released. The strongly controlled exhaust electric-hydraulic radiator fan. Depending on the
gives an engine pressure that is considered by the engine temperature signal obtained from the coolant temperature
to be an extra load. To overcome this load, the quantity of sensor and the fan speed signal obtained from the fan
injected fuel is temporarily increased, which increases the speed sensor, the engine control unit sends a signal on
heat generated in the combustion chamber. This means pin B21 to regulate the hydraulic pump solenoid valve and
the engine will reach normal operating temperature much thereby the speed of the fan motor.
faster, wear will be reduced and it will emit less white
smoke and unburned hydrocarbons. Volvo compression brake (VCB)
This function is available as an option for 12 litre engines.
Low idling When extra engine braking is required, the compression
For this function, the cruise control switch is used to brake solenoid valve will be activated by a signal from
increase the lower idling speed. To enable this to happen, engine control unit pin A33.
the bus must be stationary with the accelerator pedal
released and the engine idling, the coolant temperature
must the above 45 C, the parking brake must be applied
and the gearbox must be in neutral.
11
EECU, wiring diagram

Control unit Model Wiring diagram, name
EECU D7C CN
D9A CO
D12C CM
DH12C CM
DH12D CM
12
Group 28 MID 128 Engine control unit (EECU) Malfunction
Malfunction
MID 128 Engine control unit, fault codes
• “Multiplexed electrical system” page 3
• “Special tools” page 8
• “List of parameters” page 10
• “Function” page 11
• “Pin description, connector A” page 5
• “Pin description, connector B” page 7
• “Engine ECU, signal descriptions” page 4
• “Fault code troubleshooting” page 16
PID
“MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unit” page 19
“MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percent” page 20
“MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status” page 22
“MID 128 PID 49 ABS control status” page 23
“MID 128 PID 50 Default message on SAE J1708” page 24
“MID 128 PID 84 Road speed” page 25
“MID 128 PID 85 Cruise control status” page 26
“MID 128 PID 91 Accelerator pedal position” page 28
“MID 128 PID 94 Fuel delivery pressure” page 30
“MID 128 PID 97 Water in fuel indicator” page 32
“MID 128 PID 98 Engine oil level” page 34
“MID 128 PID 100 Engine oil pressure” page 36
“MID 128 PID 102 Boost pressure” page 38
“MID 128 PID 105 Boost air temperature” page 40
“MID 128 PID 106 Boost pressure” page 42
“MID 128 PID 107 Air filter differential pressure” page 44
“MID 128 PID 108 Atmospheric pressure” page 46
“MID 128 PID 110 Engine coolant temperature” page 47
“MID 128 PID 111 Coolant level” page 49
“MID 128 PID 153 Crankcase pressure” page 51
“MID 128 PID 158 Battery voltage” page 53
“MID 128 PID 171 Ambient temperature” page 54
“MID 128 PID 172 Air inlet temperature” page 55
“MID 128 PID 174 Fuel temperature” page 57
“MID 128 PID 175 Engine oil temperature” page 59
“MID 128 PID 224 Electronic immobilizer” page 61
“MID 128 PID 228 Road speed sensor calibration” page 62
“MID 128 PID 245 Total vehicle distance” page 63
13
PPID
“MID 128 PPID 122 VCB Engine compression brake” page 67
“MID 128 PPID 123 EPG 2” page 68
“MID 128 PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor” page 70
“MID 128 PPID 125 EOL” page 72
“MID 128 PPID 273 UREA-pressure” page 107
“MID 128 PPID 274 Temperature sensor UREA-tank” page 107
“MID 128 PPID 275 Temperature sensor, pump unit” page 107
“MID 128 PPID 277 Air pressure sensor 1” page 107
“MID 128 PPID 278 Level sensor UREA tank” page 107
“MID 128 PPID 385 Battery voltage” page 108
“MID 128 PPID 387 Temperature sensor after catalyst” page 108
SID
“MID 128 SID 1/2/3/4/5/6 Injector” page 73
“MID 128 SID 17 Fuel shutoff valve” page 76
“MID 128 SID 18 Drain valve, water separator” page 78
“MID 128 SID 20 Timing sleeve” page 80
“MID 128 SID 21 Engine position timing sensor” page 81
“MID 128 SID 22 Engine speed sensor” page 83
“MID 128 SID 23 Rack actuator” page 85
“MID 128 SID 24 Rack position sensor” page 87
“MID 128 SID 33 Fan control” page 88
“MID 128 SID 64 Redundant engine speed sensor” page 89
“MID 128 SID 70 Preheater element 1” page 90
“MID 128 SID 71 Preheater element 2” page 91
“MID 128 SID 78 Fuel priming pump” page 92
“MID 128 SID 85 Piston cooling valve” page 94
“MID 128 PPID 86 Engine brake torque percent” page 66
“MID 128 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1” page 95
“MID 128 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link” page 96
“MID 128 SID 232 5 Volt DC supply” page 98
“MID 128 SID 240 Program memory” page 99
“MID 128 SID 250 J1587/1708 Information link” page 100
“MID 128 SID 253 Data set memory EEPROM” page 101
“MID 128 SID 254 Engine electronic control unit (EECU)” page 102
14
PSID
“MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage valve, drive stage” page 108
“MID 128 PSID 74 Regulation valve, drive stage” page 108
“MID 128 PSID 76 Return valve, drive stage” page 108
“MID 128 PSID 77 Calibration memory EEPROM” page 109
“MID 128 PSID 79 UREA-flow” page 109
“MID 128 PSID 80 Return valve” page 109
“MID 128 PSID 81 Emergency shut-down” page 109
“MID 128 PSID 83 Air pressure sensor 2” page 109
“MID 128 PSID 85 Main relay” page 110
“MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage, ignition” page 110
“MID 128 PSID 87 Speed, pump motor” page 110
“MID 128 PSID 88 Pump unit, heating” page 110
“MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage valve” page 110
“MID 128 PSID 93 Estimation, dosage” page 111
“MID 128 PSID 94 Pump unit, heating” page 111
“MID 128 PSID 161 VIN” page 103
“MID 128 PSID 162 VIN” page 104
“MID 128 PSID 201 SAE J1939 Data link interruption” page 105
“MID 128 PSID 229 SAE J1939 Data link interruption, UDS” page 111
15
Fault code troubleshooting

The control units on the information link communicate (PPID, PSID). The fault codes set by the control units
according to the SAE J1587 standard. The standard contain information that is described by the following
has been extended with Volvo’s own supplement abbreviations.
MID Message Identification Description – PSID Proprietary Subsystem Identification

identification of a control unit. Description – Volvo unique identification
of a component.
PID Parameter Identification Description –
identification of a parameter (value). FMI Failure Mode Identifier – identification
of fault types.
PPID Proprietary Parameter Identification
Description – Volvo unique identification
of a parameter (value).
SID Subsystem Identification Description –

identification of a component.
FMI Table
FMI Display text SAE text
0 Value to high Data valid, but above the normal working range
1 Value too low Data valid, but below the normal working range
2 Incorrect data Intermittent or incorrect data
3 Electrical fault Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage
4 Electrical fault Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage
5 Electrical fault Abnormally low current or open circuit
6 Electrical fault Abnormally high current or short circuit to ground
7 Mechanical fault Incorrect response from a mechanical system
8 Mechanical or electrical fault Abnormal frequency
9 Communication fault Abnormal update rate
10 Mechanical or electrical fault Abnormally strong vibrations
11 Unknown fault Non-identifiable fault
12 Component fault Faulty unit or component
13 Incorrect calibration Calibration values outside limits
14 Unknown fault Special instructions
15 Unknown fault Reserved for future use
16
Test measurements
Measurement on the control unit is carried out using
2x9998505 and a breakout box which are connected to
the control unit connectors. This allows for direct voltage
and resistance measurement at the control unit pins.
Voltage measuring at the control unit

To measure the signal between a control unit and a
component:
• Connect the breakout box between the control unit and

the cabling.
• Put the start switch in the drive position (II).
Resistance measurement of component

To measure the resistance of a component and the
current path:
• Connect the breakout box only to the cabling.
• Put the start switch in the stop position (0).
Resistance measurement at a component

To measure a component’s resistance:
• Connect the breakout box only to the component.
Voltage measurement at component

To measure the signal between a control unit and a
component:
• Connect the breakout box between the control unit and

the component.
• Put the start switch in the drive position (II).
Resistance measurement of cabling

To measure the resistance in cabling:
• Connect a breakout box to each end of the cable.
17
Explanation of fault code table

For each fault code, there are three tables and one
illustration that give general information on the fault code
and describe suitable measurements that should be taken
to localise the source of the fault.
First table, general information

Engine type: Specifies engine type to which the current fault code is implemented.
Component number: Number of the component whose subsystem is causing the fault code.
Wiring diagram: Designation of relevant wiring diagrams in the service handbook for
the electrical system of the bus model in question and (in brackets) the
designation of the wiring diagram in service literature for previous electrical
architectures.
General Symptoms which occur for all types of faults (FMI) with that fault code.
fault symptoms:
Appropriate test Test in VCADS Pro suitable for further investigation of the component.
in VCADS Pro:
Status test Specifies whether there is a relevant status test for the component which can
in BIC: be carried out directly in the instrument control unit display.
Adapter on Instructions on which adapter to use on the component connector while
component: taking measurements.
Adapter on Instructions on which type of adapter to use on the control unit connector
control unit: while taking measurements.
Illustration: Schematic illustration of the component subsystem. The relevant pins on
the control unit and measurement points on the component are shown
in the illustration.
Second table, information on fault types

Type of fault: Specifies the fault types (FMI) that can occur for that fault code.
Symptom: Describes which fault symptoms occur for the various fault types.
Possible cause: Indicates the faults which can be the cause of the fault code for a fault type.
Third table, measurements

There are two types of measurements, resistance and voltage, which are divided into separate tables. Above and to
the left of each table there is an illustration showing how to connect the measurement equipment to the component
for that particular reading.
Measurement: Indicates the part the measurement is intended to check.
Key position: Shows the switch position applicable to the particular reading.
Measurement points: There are two columns under measurement points, breakout box and wiring
diagram. The “breakout box” column shows the numbers representing the
markings on breakout box 999 86 99. The wiring diagram shows the names
of the pins on a component or ECU in a Volvo wiring diagram. The first table
shows which wiring diagram applies.
Expected value: Indicates with 20 % accuracy the values the measurement should give if the
part (component) the measurements are for is complete.
Measured value: The column is for entering the measured values.
Miscellaneous: Any special circumstances or conditions concerning the particular reading
are entered here.
18
MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unit

Note: The sensor is located inside the control unit and
therefore cannot be checked.
Engine type: D9A, DH12D

Component number: A14
Wiring diagram: CM, CO
General fault symptom: Yellow information
lamp
Status test in BIC: Yes
T2022503
Type of Symptom: Possible cause:

fault:
FMI 3
• Incorrect engine function • Short-circuit to higher voltage
• Too high/low temperature in ECU
FMI 4
• Incorrect engine function • Short-circuit to lower voltage or frame ground
• Too high/low temperature in ECU
19
MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percent

Engine type: D7C, D9A, DH12D
Component number: A14, B32
Wiring diagram: CM, CN, CO
lamp
Fault code
100% fan speed
Appropriate test in VCADS “28407-8 Sensor
Pro: values check,
engine running”
Adapter on control unit: 2x9998505
Adapter on component: 9998534, 9998567
Miscellaneous: 9812519
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Fault in fan speed (applies to D9A) • Missing signal up to fan (applies to D9A)
FMI 8
• High fuel consumption, 100% fan speed • Electrical interference
• Yellow information lamp • Defective wiring
• Fault in fan speed (applies to D9A) • Faulty sensor
• Defective fan
• Abnormal frequency (applies to D9A)
FMI 9
• High fuel consumption, 100% fan speed • Short circuit to higher voltage (EA6 > 4.95V)
• Yellow information lamp • Faulty sensor
Voltage measurement
Measure- Key position Measurement points Expected Measured Miscellane-

ments value value ous.
Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, signal II 6–5 A6 – A5 U=0V Fan off
U=5V Fan on, 100Hz
20

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, signal II 1–2 B32:1 – B32:2 U=0V Fan off
9998534
connected
U=5V Fan on
9998534
connected
Resistance measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, signal 0 6–5 A6 – A5 R = 900 With engine
running,
100Hz
21
MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status
Engine type: D7C, D9A, D12C,

DH12C, DH12D
lamp on
Appropriate test in VCADS “33311-8 Pre-
Pro: heating, test”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Pr-heating relay never activated • Short-circuit to voltage in conjunction with contact
• White smoke in conjunction with cold starting and between pre-heating relay and control unit or
difficult starting in extreme weather conditions short-circuit in pre-heating relay
FMI 4
• Induction air too hot since pre-heating relay • Short circuit to frame ground in conjunction with
constantly active contact between pre-heating relay and control unit
FMI 5
• Pr-heating relay never activated • Blown fuse on power supply to pre-heating relay
• White smoke in conjunction with cold starting and • Open circuit in cable to pre-heating relay and
difficult starting in extreme weather conditions the control unit or interference in the relay or its
supply cable
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, starter II 31 – 9 B31 - B9 U = 0.8*Ubat Inactive
element status
U=0V Active
relay
(normally
inactive with
starter key in
drive position)
22
MID 128 PID 49 ABS control status

Engine type: All engines
Component number: A14, A27
General fault symptom: Yellow warning lamp
Fault code
Status test in BIC: No
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• Yellow information lamp • Engine control unit lacks information from
ABS/EBS
• Faulty information link
• Faulty function in ABS/EBS control unit
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Information II 25 – 9 B25 – B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltage
link J1708A varies within
the interval. 1
link J1708B varies within
the interval. 1
1
See Service literature, Group 37. IMPACT: Group 37, Diagnostics, Data links, fault tracing, for further fault tracing.
23
MID 128 PID 50 Default message on SAE J1708

lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• Request not carried out • Expected message did not arrive
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
See service literature, Group 37. IMPACT: Group 37, Diagnostics, Data links, fault tracing, for further fault tracing.
24
MID 128 PID 84 Road speed

lamp
Appropriate test in VCADS “28407-8: Sensor
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• Yellow information lamp • Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)
• Engine speed reduced to 1700 rpm • Faulty speed sensor
• Faulty information link (SAE J1708)
FMI 11
• Yellow information lamp • Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)
• Reduced engine speed • Faulty speed sensor
• Faulty information link (SAE J1708)
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
Note: For further fault tracing, check the vehicle control

unit (VECU)
25
MID 128 PID 85 Cruise control status

Appropriate test in VCADS “27503-8: Cruise
Pro: control function,
check”
Adapter on component: 9990008, Green
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• Yellow information lamp • Faulty information link SAE J1708
• No cruise control function • Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
26

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Information 0 25 – DC2 B25 — DC2 R=0 Measuring
link J1708A (pin 2 on on datalink
connector for connector
datalink)
link J1708B (pin 3 on on datalink
connector for connector
datalink)
27
MID 128 PID 91 Accelerator pedal position

Appropriate test in VCADS “27102-8:
Pro: Accelerator pedal
switches and
sensors, check”
Adapter on component: 9990008, (green)
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• If FMI 9 has been activated, the engine will go • Faulty accelerator pedal sensor or information
into “Limp home mode” and the idle speed switch link SAE J1708
will then be used instead of the accelerator pedal • Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)
FMI 11
• If FMI 11 has been activated, the engine will go • Faulty accelerator pedal sensor or information
into “Limp home mode” and the idle speed switch link SAE J1708
will then be used instead of the accelerator pedal • Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
1
Information 0 25 – DC2 B25 — DC2 R=0
link J1708A (pin 2 on
connector for
datalink)
link J1708B (pin 3 on on datalink
connector for connector 1
datalink)
1
28

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
J1939 Control 0 1–2 B1 – B2 R = 60 EECU
link connected 1
R = 120 EECU
disconnected 1
1
29
MID 128 PID 94 Fuel delivery pressure

lamp on
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 1
• Low capacity and difficult to start • Clogged fuel filter
• White smoke • The pressure in the overflow valve is either too
low or there is a leak/air in the fuel system
FMI 3
• Short circuit to voltage or signal cable
FMI 4
• Open circuit in supply or signal cable
• Short circuit to frame ground or signal cable
FMI 7
• Low fuel pressure
30
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, fuel II 27 – 5 A27 – A5 U = 0.5 V
feed pressure
II 4–5 A4 – A5 U=5V Engine idling

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component II 2–4 A44:2 – A44:4 U=5V With adapter
9998534
(9998567
for DH12D)
connected
to the
component)

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal lead 0 4 – A44:2 A4 – A44:2 R=0 Adapter on
component:
9998567.
Signal lead 0 5 – A44:4 A5 – A44:4 R=0
31
MID 128 PID 97 Water in fuel indicator

T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage (B6 > 0,8*Ubat)
• Faulty water in fuel indicator • Faulty sensor
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp. • Short circuit to lower voltage (B6 < 0.05*Ubat)
• Faulty water in fuel indicator • Faulty sensor
FMI 14
• Fault code is active while the electric fuel pump • The electric fuel pump is active (applies to
is running, for information purposes only (applies DH12D)
to DH12D)
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, II 6–9 B6 – B9 U = 0.8*Ubat
supplier

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, 0 6–9 B6 – B9 R=0
chassis ground
32

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensors 0 2–3 A45:2 – A45:3 R = Break 9998567con-
nected to com-
ponent
33
MID 128 PID 98 Engine oil level

Engine type: D9A, DH12D, D7
General fault symptom: Fault code
Yellow information
lamp
Pro: values checks,
engine stationary”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 1
• Yellow information lamp • Low engine oil level
• Faulty sensor
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp (applies to D9A) • Short circuit to higher voltage (applies to D9A)
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to framework ground
(B15-B22 < 0.5 V, signal sensor)
• Faulty sensor
FMI 5
• Yellow information lamp • Open circuit, signal sensor
(B15-B22 > 4,95 V
• Faulty sensor
34
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, signal II 15 – 9 B15 – B9 U=3V Pulse every 30
seconds
Sensor, signal II 15 – 22 B15 – B22 U=3V Pulse every 30
seconds

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, 0 15 – 22 B15 – B22 R = 12
chassis ground

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensors 0 1–2 B10:1 – B10: 2 R = 12 9998534
connected to
component
35
MID 128 PID 100 Engine oil pressure

Yellow information
lamp
Appropriate test in VCADS “28407: Sensor
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 1
(does not • Oil pressure lamp comes on — red or yellow • The oil level is too low or the oil has been
apply to contaminated — too viscous or too runny
D7C) • Faulty delivery valves or worn oil pump
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher
• Oil pressure sensor shows 0 voltage
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Open circuit in supply or signal cable
• Oil pressure sensor shows 0 • Short circuit to frame ground on supply or signal
cable
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, oil II 14 – chassis A14 – Chassis U = 0.5 Engine off
pressure ground ground
U = 3.5 Engine idling
T0011166

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor power II 1–4 B38:1 – B38:4 U=5V
supply voltage
36

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Ground 0 4 – Chassis B38:4 – R=0
connection ground Chassis
ground
Signal cable 0 2 – Chassis B38:2 – R = 100 k
ground Chassis
ground
T0011193

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, 0 2 – 14 B38:2 – A14 R=0
cabling
37
MID 128 PID 102 Boost pressure

DH12C, DH12D,
lamp comes on and
charge air sensor
shows 0.
Pro: values check,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 0
• Red lamp comes on • Abnormally high value
FMI 3
• Low power output • Short circuit to voltage or signal cable
FMI 4
• Low power output • Open circuit on supply or signal cable
• Short circuit to frame ground or signal cable
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, boost II 3–5 A3 – A5 U = 1.1 V Engine idling,
pressure at sea level
Signal, boost II 4 – Chassis A4 – Chassis U=5V
pressure ground ground
38

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, signal II 2–4 B37:2 – B37:4 U = 1.1 V Engine idling,
at sea level
9998534
connected
Power supply II 1 – Chassis B37:1 – U=5V 9998534
cable ground Chassis connected
ground

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal lead 0 3 – 37:2 A3 – 37:2 R=0
Signal lead 0 5 – B37:4 A5 – B37:4 R=0
Signal lead 0 4 – B37:1 A4 – B37:1 R=0

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Ground table 0 4 – Chassis B37:4 – R=0 9998534
ground Chassis connected
ground
39
MID 128 PID 105 Boost air temperature

lamp comes on.
Pro: values check,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 0
• Loss of engine power when engine cold (GH10C) • Temperature too high
• Too much power on acceleration (GH10C)
• Constant temperature, 40 C (GH10C)
FMI 3
• Loss of engine power when engine cold (GH10C) • Short circuit to voltage on signal or frame ground
• Too much power on acceleration (GH10C) cable
• Open circuit on signal cable or faulty sensor
FMI 4
• Loss of engine power when engine cold (GH10C) • Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable
• Too much power on acceleration (GH10C) • Fault in sensor
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, II 2–5 A2 – A5 U = 2.6 V At 20 C
boost air
temperature
Signal, II 2–5 A2 – A5 U = 1.6 V At 100 C
boost air
temperature
40

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, 0 2–5 A2 – A5 R = Seetable
boost air page 42
temperature

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component 0 3–4 B37:3 – B37:4 R = Seetable
page 42
Ground table 0 4 – Chassis B37:4 – R=0
ground Chassis
ground
41
The resistance of the subsystem varies with the boost air

temperature. The table below shows the tolerances and
suitable values at different temperatures.
Table with values

Boost air temperature [C] Measured value
-40 155.5 -180.7 k
-30 82.3 -94.3 k
-20 45.3 -51.5 k
-10 25.9 -29.1 k
0 15.3 -17.1 k
10 9.4 -10.4 k
20 5.9 -6.5 k
30 3.8 -4.2 k
40 2551 -2745
50 1735 -1851
60 1198 -1282
70 840 -906
80 601 -653
90 438 -478
100 324 -354
110 243 -267
120 185 -205
130 142.2 -158.2
140 111 -124
150 87 -98
MID 128 PID 106 Boost pressure

Engine type: D9A, DH12D, D7
General fault symptom: Low engine power
0 bar in boost
pressure
Fault code
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503
42

fault:
FMI 3
(electrical • Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage between control
fault) • Boost pressure gauge always shows 0 bar unit and component.
• Low engine power • Possible short circuit internally in the component
FMI 4
(electrical • Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage between control
fault) • Boost pressure gauge always shows 0 bar unit and component.
• Low engine power • Possible short circuit internally in the component
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, boost II 3–5 A3 – A5 U = 1.1 V At approx. sea
pressure level
Sensor, II 4–5 A4 – A5 U=5V
supplier

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, signal II 2–4 B37:2 – B37:4 U = 1.1 V 9998534
connected, at
sea level
Sensor, II 1–4 B37:1 – B37:4 U=5V 9998534
supplier connected

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Ground 0 5 – B37:4 A5 – B37:4 R=0
Boost 0 3 – B37:2 A3 – B37:2 R=0
pressure,
signal
Sensor, 0 4 – B37:1 A4 – B37:1 R=0
supplier
43
MID 128 PID 107 Air filter differential pressure

lamp on
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 0
• Engine power loss • Clogged air filter
FMI 3
• Short circuit to voltage on signal cable
• Short circuit on ground cable
FMI 4
• Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable
FMI 5
• Open circuit on frame ground or signal cable
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, air filter II 17 – 8 B17 – B8 U=3V
differential
pressure
Signal, air filter II 17 – 8 B17 – B8 U = 12 V Filter clogged
differential
pressure
Signal/supply II 2 – Chassis B39:2 – U = 0.8*Ubat 9998534
ground
44

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, air filter 0 17 – 8 B17 – B8 R = 330 1
differential
pressure

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component 0 1–2 B39:1 – B39:2 R = 330 1 9998534
connected
1IfR ≈ 2.2 k when the engine is off, it is an indication

that the switch has stuck in active position.
45
MID 128 PID 108 Atmospheric pressure

Note: The sensor is located inside the control unit and is
therefore not checked. The signal is used to calculate the
boost pressure and to compensate for fuel when driving
at high altitudes.

Engine does
not compensate
for atmospheric
pressure
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
Status test in BIC: Yes T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Internal fault in control unit
• Poor response at high altitudes • Control unit has been exerted to extremely high
pressure
FMI 4
• Poor response at high altitudes • Control unit has been exerted to extremely high
pressure
46
MID 128 PID 110 Engine coolant temperature

Pro: values checks, engine
running”
Miscellaneous: 9998699, 9812519
T2022503

fault:
FMI 0
• Lamp in coolant temperature sensor comes on, • Low coolant level or coolant pump
yellow or red • Faulty thermostat — pressure cap on expansion
• Lack of engine power vessel or the sensor
• Insufficient flow rate through coolant system.
Radiator or intercooler blocked
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to voltage on signal cable
• Coolant temperature shows 0 • Open circuit on signal/supply or ground cable
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable
• Coolant temperature shows 0
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Power supply II 25 – 5 A25 – A5 U = 3V At 20 C
cable
Power supply II 25 – 5 A25 – A5 U = 6V At 80 C
cable
47

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, coolant 0 5 – 25 A5 – A25 R = Seetable
temperature page 48

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component 0 1–2 B21:1 – B21:2 R = Seetable 9998534
page 48 connected
The resistance of the subsystem varies with the coolant
temperature. The table below shows suitable values for
the tolerance levels at different temperatures.
Table with values

Coolant temperature Expected value
-30 C 24.3 -30.7 k
-20 C 13.4 -16.6 k
-10 C 7.7 -9.3 k
0 C 4.5 -5.3 k
10 C 2.8 -3.3 k
20 C 1.8 -2.0 k
30 C 1.1 -1.3 k
40 C 746 -850
50 C 510 -574
60 C 356 -396
70 C 254 -280
80 C 183 -200
90 C 134 -145
100 C 100 -107
110 C 75 -81
120 C 57 -62
130 C 44 -48
48
MID 128 PID 111 Coolant level

Component number: S68
Wiring diagram: “EECU, wiring
diagram” page 12
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 1
• Red lamp comes on • Low coolant level or faulty sensor
• Reduced engine power and engine shutdown • Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable
when the vehicle speed is below 3 km/h (if engine
overheating protection included in software)
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to higher voltage on signal or frame
ground cable
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground
FMI 5
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Open circuit
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, coolant II 7–8 B7 – B8 U = 0.8*Ubat
level

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Power supply II 1–2 S68:1 – S68:2 U = 0.8*Ubat
cable
49

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, coolant 0 7–8 B7 – B8 R = Open
level circuit (normal)
R = 0
(empty)

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component 0 1–2 R = Open
circuit (normal)
R = 0
(empty)
50
MID 128 PID 153 Crankcase pressure

Reduced engine
power
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 0
• Red stop lamp and alarm • Crankcase pressure is too high
• Engine power reduced 50% • Clogged crankcase ventilation
• Engine speed reduced by ( < 1000 rpm) • Sticking cylinder
• Engine shutdown at road speed < 2 km/h • Faulty sensor
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage (EB-24 > 4.95V,
sensor signal or frame ground)
• Faulty sensor
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to frame ground (EB-24 < 0.08V,
signal sensor)
• Faulty sensor
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, II 14 – 13 B14 – B13 U=5V Power supply
supplier
51

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, II 1 – chassis 1 – chassis U=5V 9998534
supplier ground ground connected
Sensor, signal II 2 – Chassis 2 – Chassis U=3V At sea level,
ground ground 100 kPa,
engine off,
9998534
connected.

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Sensor, 0 4 – 13 4 – B13 R=0 9998534
supplier connected
52
MID 128 PID 158 Battery voltage

T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Fault in alternator
• Rapid charger
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Chassis II 11 – 9 B11 – B9 U = Ubat
ground
Power supply II 12 – 10 B12 – B10 U = Ubat
Chassis II 9 – chassis B9 – Chassis U=0V
connection ground ground
53
MID 128 PID 171 Ambient temperature

lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• Abnormal update rate
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Data link II 25 – 9 B25 - B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltage
J1708B varies within
the interval. 1
Data link II 26 – 9 B26 - B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltage
J1708A varies within
the interval. 1
1
54
MID 128 PID 172 Air inlet temperature

lamp on
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Constant temperature, 25 C • Short circuit to voltage on signal or frame ground
cable
• Open circuit on signal or ground cable.
FMI 4
• Blue smoke in cold weather • Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable
• Faulty sensor
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, air inlet II 3 – 13 B3 – B13 U = 2.6 V At 20 C
temperature

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal supply II 3 – Chassis B39:3 – U = 2.6 V 9998534
ground
55

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, air inlet 0 3 – 13 B3 – B13 R = Seetable
temperature page 56

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
page 56 connected
The resistance of the subsystem varies with the air
Table with values

Ambient temperature Expected value
-30 C 83.3 -94.1 k
-20 C 45.8 -51.4 k
-10 C 26.2 -29 k
0 C 15.4 -17.1 k
10 C 9.6 -10.4 k
20 C 5.87 -6.53 k
30 C 3.86 -4.14 k
40 C 2586 -2740
50 C 1792 -1876
60 C 1215 -1273
70 C 860 -892
80 C 619.5 -638.5
90 C 452.7 -464.7
100 C 336.5 -343.3
56
MID 128 PID 174 Fuel temperature

DH12C
General fault symptoms: Yellow information
lamp on
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Incorrect fuel quantity • Short circuit to voltage on signal (battery or 5V)
or frame ground cable
• Interference on signal or frame ground cable.
• Faulty sensor
FMI 4
• Incorrect fuel quantity • Short circuit to ground on signal cable
• Faulty sensor
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, fuel II 13 – 5 A13 – A5 U=3V At 20 C
temperature
U=2V At 40 C

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, fuel 0 13 – 5 A13 – A5 R = Seetable
temperature page 58
57

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component 0 3–4 B51:3 – B51:4 R = Seetable
page 56
The resistance of the subsystem varies with the fuel
Table with values

Fuel temperature Expected value
-30 C 24.4 -30.6 k
-20 C 13.4 -16.6 k
-10 C 7.68 -9.32 k
0 C 4.46 -5.34 k
10 C 2.75 -3.25 k
20 C 1.76 -2.04 k
30 C 1120 -1290
40 C 746 -850
50 C 509 -573
60 C 356 -396
70 C 254 -280
80 C 182.6 -199.6
90 C 134.2 -145.2
100 C 100 -107.4
110 C 75.2 -80.8
120 C 57.1 -61.9
130 C 43.9 -47.9
58
MID 128 PID 175 Engine oil temperature

Appropriate test in VCADS “28407: Sensor
Pro: values checks,
engine running”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 0
• Red lamp comes on • Poor cooling
• Power reduction in first stage (at T>135 C) and • Faulty sensor
shutdown in the second (if engine overheating
protection has been selected in the software)
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to voltage on signal cable
• Oil temperature sensor shows 0 • Open circuit in signal cable
• Faulty sensor
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground on signal cable
• Oil temperature sensor shows 0 • Faulty sensor
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, oil II 1–5 A1 – A5 U=2–3V At 20 C
temperature
U = 0.4 V At 100 C
T0011191

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Power supply II 1 – Chassis 1 – Chassis U=5V 9998534
cable ground ground connected
59

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, oil 0 1–5 A1 – A5 R = Seetable
temperature page 60

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
page 60 connected
The resistance of the subsystem varies with the oil
Table with values

Oil temperature Expected value
-30 C 24.4 -30.6 k
-20 C 13.4 -16.6 k
-10 C 7.68 -9.32 k
0 C 4.46 -5.34 k
10 C 2.75 -3.25 k
20 C 1.76 -2.04 k
30 C 1120 -1290
40 C 746 -850
50 C 509 -573
60 C 356 -396
70 C 254 -280
80 C 182.6 -199.6
90 C 134.2 -145.2
100 C 100 -107.4
110 C 75.2 -80.8
120 C 57.1 -61.9
130 C 43.9 -47.9
60
MID 128 PID 224 Electronic immobilizer

Wiring diagram: “EECU, wiring
diagram” page 12
lamp
Status test in BIC No
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Not possible to start engine • Intermittent or incorrect data
FMI 12
• Not possible to start engine • Faulty unit or component
61
MID 128 PID 228 Road speed sensor calibration

Appropriate test in VCADS “38356-8: K factor,
Pro: test”
Adapter on component: 9990008, (Green)
T2022503

fault:
FMI 11
• Cruise control failure in conjunction with other • Faulty information link SAE J1708
fault codes affecting road speed • Faulty vehicle control unit (VECU)

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Information 0 25 – 2 B25 — DC2 R=0 Measuring
link J1708 (pin 2 on on datalink
datalink connector
connector)
Information 0 26 – 2 B26 — DC3 R=0 Measuring
link J1708 (pin 3 on on datalink
datalink connector
connector)
62
MID 128 PID 245 Total vehicle distance

lamp
Appropriate test in VCADS “20005–2: Fuel
Pro: consumption data”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
63

Component number A14
lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
64

lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
65
MID 128 PPID 86 Engine brake torque percent

lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• • Abnormal update rate
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
the interval. 1
the interval. 1
1
66
MID 128 PPID 122 VCB Engine compression brake

Engine type: D9A, D12C, DH12C,
DH12D
Component number: A14, Y33
lamp on
Appropriate test in VCADS “25336-6: Engine
Pro: brake function, test”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 1
• Abnormally low value
FMI 3
• Reduced engine brake capacity due to inactive • Short circuit to battery voltage between VCB
VCB solenoid valve and control unit
• Short circuit in VCB solenoid valve
FMI 4
• VCB on constantly • Short circuit to frame ground between VCB
• Low capacity, black red and very random speed solenoid valve and control unit
FMI 5
• Reduced brake capacity due to inactive VCB • Open circuit between VCB solenoid valve and
control unit or in supply cable
• Fuse for supply to VCB solenoid valve has blown
or an open circuit in the solenoid valve
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, VCB II 33 – Chassis A33 – Chassis U = Ubat Inactive
compression ground ground
U=0V Active
brake
67
MID 128 PPID 123 EPG 2

(Heating/engine brake 50%)
Engine type: D7C, D12C, DH12C
lamp on
Appropriate test in VCADS “25340-8: Start
Pro: and heat retention
function, test”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Heating and engine brake out of order • Short circuit to battery voltage between solenoid
• Blue red in demanding conditions valve and control unit
• Engine may be difficult to start • Short circuit in solenoid valve
FMI 4
• EPG 2 constantly activated • Short circuit to frame ground between solenoid
• Low capacity and black smoke valve and control unit
FMI 5
• Heating and engine brake out of order • Open circuit between solenoid valve and control
• Blue red in cold weather unit
• Engine may be difficult to start • Open circuit in supply cable or solenoid valve
• Fuse for supply to EPG has blown
FMI 9
• Error receiving gear selector position message • Abnormal refresh rate (not D9A)
(not D9A)
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, EPG II 35 – 9 B35 – B9 U = Normally
(not D9A) Ubat(Inactive) inactive with
starter key in
U = 0 V (Active)
drive position
Ubat(Inactive) inactive with
starter key in
U = 0 V (Active)
drive position
68

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Supply cable II 2 – Chassis Y37:2 – U = Ubat 9998534
(not D9A) ground Chassis connected
ground
69
MID 128 PPID 124 Exhaust pressure governor

(Heating/engine brake 100%)
Engine type: D7C, D12C, DH12C
Wiring diagram: CM, CN
General fault symptom: Yellow information lamp on
Appropriate test in “25336-6: Engine brake
VCADS Pro: function, test”
“25340-8: Start and heat
retention function, test”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Engine brake out of order • Short circuit to battery voltage between solenoid
valve and control unit
• Short circuit in solenoid valve
FMI 4
• EPG 1 constantly activated • Short circuit to frame ground between solenoid
• Low capacity and considerable smoke emission valve and control unit
(black)
FMI 5
• Engine brake out of order • Open circuit between the solenoid valve and the
control unit, in the supply cable or in the solenoid
valve
• Fuse for supply to EPG has blown
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Ubat(Inactive) inactive
U = 0 V (active)
(not D9A) Ubat(Inactive) inactive
U = 0 V (Active)
70

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Supply cable II 2 – Chassis Y37:2 – U = Ubat 9998534
(not D9A) ground Chassis connected
ground
71
MID 128 PPID 125 EOL

Engine type: D7C
Wiring diagram: CN
General fault symptom: Yellow information lamp on
Appropriate test in “25340-8: Start and heat
VCADS Pro: retention function, test”
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• • Short-circuit to higher voltage
FMI 4
• • Short-circuit to lower voltage or frame ground
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
EOL II 24 – 9 B24 – B9 U<6 Inactive
U > 9.6 V Active
72
MID 128 SID 1/2/3/4/5/6 Injector

General information
Fault code Description
SID 1 Injector 1
SID 2 Injector 2
SID 3 Injector 3
SID 4 Injector 4
SID 5 Injector 5
SID 6 Injector 6
T2022503
Engine type: D9A, D12C, DH12C,

DH12D
Component number:A14 Y33 (6072)
lamp on
Low capacity,
random speed and
abnormal noise. T2018702
Appropriate test in VCADS “23018-6: Measuring directly on the injector

Pro: Evaluation injector,
fuel quantity”
“23712-6: Injector
cut-off, manual”
73

fault:
FMI 2
• 3 cylinders on power stroke • Short circuit to battery voltage in cable to high
• Lack of engine power voltage side of injector
FMI 3
• 3 or 5 cylinders on power stroke • Short circuit between high and low voltage side
• Lack of engine power • Short circuit to battery voltage in cable to low
voltage side of injector
FMI 4
• 3 cylinders on power stroke • Short circuit to frame ground in cable to high or
• Lack of engine power low voltage side of injector
FMI 5
• 3 or 5 cylinders on power stroke • Open circuit in cable on low or high voltage side. If
• Lack of engine power 3 fault codes have been set (one bank), the open
circuit will be on the high-voltage side. If only one
fault code is present, the open circuit will be on
the low voltage side of the injector in question.
FMI 7
• Irregular running • Fault in injector
• Lack of engine power • Poor compression
FMI 11
• 3 or 5 cylinders on power stroke • Intermittent faults
• Lack of engine power

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Injector 1 0 11 – 12 A11 – A12 R = 1.5 – 2
(Bosch)
R = 4.5 – 5
(Lucas)
Injector 1 0 11 Chassis A11 – Chassis R = Break
ground ground
Injector 2 0 22 – 12 A22 – A12 R = 1.5 – 2
(Bosch)
R = 4.5 – 5
(Lucas)
Injector 2 0 22 – Chassis A22 – Chassis R = Break
ground ground
Injector 3 0 23 – 12 A23 – A12 R = 1.5 – 2
(Bosch)
R = 4.5 – 5
(Lucas)
ground ground
Injector 4 0 34 - 24 A34 – A24 R = 1.5 – 2
(Bosch)
R = 4.5 – 5
(Lucas)
74

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
ground ground
Injector 5 0 35 – 24 A35 – A24 R = 1.5 – 2
(Bosch)
R = 4.5 – 5
(Lucas)
ground ground
Injector 6 0 36 – 24 A36 — A24 R = 1,5 – 2
(Bosch)
R = 4.5 – 5
(Lucas)
ground ground
75
MID 128 SID 17 Fuel shutoff valve

Engine type: D7C
Wiring diagram: CN
lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
(incorrect • Engine stops or does not start at all • Intermittent contact, in either the connector or a
data) faulty cable
• Short circuit to frame ground or higher voltage
• Defective component
FMI 3
(electrical • Engine stops or does not start at all • Short circuit to battery voltage between solenoid
fault) • No fuel reaching the nozzle valve and control unit
• Short circuit in solenoid valve
FMI 4
• Solenoid valve constantly active • Short circuit to frame ground on cable between
solenoid valve and control unit
FMI 5
• Engine stops or does not start at all • Open circuit between solenoid valve and control
unit
• Open circuit in supply cable to fuel shut-off valve
FMI 6
(electrical • Engine stops or does not start at all • Abnormally high current, short circuit to the frame
fault) ground
FMI 11
(unknown • Engine stops or does not start at all • Defective component or cable
fault)
76
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, fuel II 34 – 9 B34 – B9 U=0V Active
shut-off valve
U = Ubat Inactive
77
MID 128 SID 18 Drain valve, water separator

No water drainage
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage between control
• Output EB32 disconnected unit and component
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to frame ground between control unit
• Fuel leak when engine turned off and ignition is and component
on
• Lack of engine power
• Air in the fuel system
FMI 5
• Yellow information lamp • Open circuit between control unit and component
• Output EB32 disconnected • Open circuit in supply to valve
• Fuse for component has blown
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component, II 3–9 A45:3 – B9 U = Ubat 9998567
supply connected
78

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Component, II 6–9 B6 – B9 U = 0.9*Ubat Component
function inactive
U=0V Component
active
79
MID 128 SID 20 Timing sleeve

Engine type: D7C
Wiring diagram: CN
General fault symptom: Red lamp comes on (not
for FMI 2)
Engine stops or does
not start (not for FMI 2)
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to battery voltage, high voltage side
FMI 3
• Short circuit between high and low voltage side
• Short circuit to battery voltage on low voltage side
FMI 4
• Short circuit to frame ground on low voltage side
FMI 5
• Open circuit in cable between control unit and
pump
FMI 6
• Short circuit to frame ground on high voltage side
FMI 7
• Internal fault in pump.
• Interference on needle lifter signal
FMI 8
• Internal fault in engine control unit.
FMI 11
• Unidentifiable fault

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, timing 0 9 – 21 A9 – A21 R=2
sleeve
Signal, timing 0 9 – Chassis 14 – Chassis R = Break
sleeve ground ground
80
MID 128 SID 21 Engine position timing sensor

Component number: A14, B919, B05
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
(applies • Signal does not arrive
to D7C)
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to voltage, positive or negative cable
• Difficult to start on second attempt • Short circuit to frame ground, positive cable
• Open circuit on positive or negative cable
• Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor
• Reversed polarity on sensor or damaged sensor
wheel
FMI 8
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Electric interference on engine speed signal, poor
• Difficult to start on second attempt insulation or faulty cable
• Damaged sensor wheel
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, engine II 7 – 18 A7 – A18 U=0V Engine
position stopped.
Signal, engine II 15 – 28 A15 – A28 U = 5.5 V (applies to
position D7C)
(needle lift)
81

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, engine 0 7 – 18 A7 – A18 R = 0.775 –
position 0.9445 k
82
MID 128 SID 22 Engine speed sensor

Component number: B04, A14
lamp comes on
Adapter on component: 9998534
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Irregular speed and engine misfiring • Electrical interference on rotation speed signal
• Engine stops if camshaft signal disappears or intermittent contact
• Poor insulation or faulty cable
• Damaged tooth on flywheel
FMI 3
• Irregular speed and engine misfiring • Short circuit to voltage, positive or negative cable
• Engine stops if camshaft signal disappears • Short circuit to frame ground, positive cable
• Short circuit between cables or in sensor
• Intermittent contact, faulty or incorrectly installed
sensor
FMI 8
• Engine misfiring • Electrical interference
• Engine stops if camshaft signal disappears • Faulty or incorrectly installed sensor
• Damaged tooth on flywheel
83
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, engine II 30 – 31 A30 – A31 U=0V Engine
speed sensor stopped.

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, engine 0 30 – 31 A30 – A31 R = 0.775 –
speed sensor 0.9445 k
84
MID 128 SID 23 Rack actuator

Engine type: D7C
Wiring diagram: CN
General fault symptom: Red “Stop” lamp

(not FMI 2).
Engine stops or
does not start.
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to battery, high-voltage side
FMI 3
• Short circuit between high and low voltage side of
battery or to low voltage side of battery
FMI 4
• Short circuit to frame ground, low voltage side
FMI 5
• Open circuit in cable between control rod and
control unit
• Open circuit in control rod actuator
FMI 6
• Short circuit to frame ground, high voltage side
FMI 7
• Control rod has jammed or mechanical fault in
pump
• Fault in sensor
FMI 8
• Internal fault in fuel pump or engine control unit
FMI 11
• Unidentifiable fault
85
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, II 8 – 10 A8 – A10 U=3V Engine idling
flywheel f = 200 Hz
control rod

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, 0 8 – 10 A8 – A10 R = 1.5
flywheel
control rod
High-voltage 0 8 – Chassis A8 – Chassis R = Break
side ground ground
Low-voltage 0 10 – Chassis A10 – Chassis R = Break
side ground ground
86
MID 128 SID 24 Rack position sensor

Engine type: D7C
Wiring diagram: CN
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Red lamp comes on • Sensor value is outside measuring range or
• Engine stops or does not start defective sensor
• Open circuit or short circuit in cable
FMI 13
• Red lamp comes on • Sensor defective or not calibrated
• Engine will not start

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, control 0 16 – 17 A16 – A17 R = 20 Measuring on
rod position coil
Signal, control 0 29 – 17 A29 – A17 R = 20 Reference coil
rod position
Component 0 16 – Chassis A16 – Chassis R = Break
ground ground
ground ground
ground ground
87
MID 128 SID 33 Fan control

Engine type: D9A, GH10C,
DH12D
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to higher voltage (B21 > 0.65*U)bat
• 0% fan speed, high coolant temperature
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to framework ground on pin B21
• 100% fan speed, high fuel consumption
FMI 5
• Yellow information lamp • Open circuit in:
• 100% fan speed, high fuel consumption • Cable
• Fuse
• Connectors
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
PWM signal, II 21 – 9 B21 – B9 U = Ubat Active
hydraulic pump
U=0V Inactive
88
MID 128 SID 64 Redundant engine speed sensor

Engine type: D7C, D9A, DH12D
Wiring diagram: CM, CO, CN
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to battery voltage or frame ground,
• Engine is difficult to start a second time positive cable
• Short circuit to battery voltage, negative cable
• Reversed polarity on sensor or damaged sensor
wheel
FMI 8
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Electrical interference on rotation speed signal or
• Engine is difficult to start a second time poorly insulated cable
• Damaged sensor wheel

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, in-line 0 A7 – A18 A7 – A18 R = 0.775
pump rpm -0.945
Signal, in-line 0 A30 – A31 A30 – A31 R = 0.775 Applies to D9A
pump rpm -0.945
89
MID 128 SID 70 Preheater element 1

DH12C, DH12D
lamp comes on
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Preheheating relay can be constantly active • Short circuit to battery voltage on EB5
• Flat battery, high intake temperature or current • Relay is constantly active
consumption too high
FMI 4
• Preheating not working, white smoke during cold • Short circuit to frame ground or faulty preheating
starting and engine difficult to start in extreme relay
weather conditions
FMI 5
• Preheating not working • Blown fuse
• Engine difficult to start in extreme weather • Open circuit in: preheating element, connection
conditions between relay and element or the cable
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, starter II 31 – 9 B31 – B9 U = 0.8*Ubat Inactive
element 1
U=0V Active with
key in drive
position
Pre-heating II 5–9 B5 – B9 U > 12 V Active
1, heater
U=0V Inactive with
diagnostics
key in drive
position
90
MID 128 SID 71 Preheater element 2

lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Fault in fan speed (applies to D9A) • Missing signal up to fan (applies to D9A)
FMI 4
• Short-circuit to higher voltage
• Short-circuit to lower voltage or frame ground
FMI 5
• Abnormally low current or open circuit
91
MID 128 SID 78 Fuel priming pump

lamp
T2022503
Type of Symptom: Probable cause:

fault:
FMI 3
(applies • Voltage higher than normal • Short circuit to voltage
to D9A)
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to frame ground (EA19, control
• Fuel pump running constantly signal)
• Defective fuel pump
FMI 5
• Yellow information lamp • Open circuit in cable to fuel pump
• Fuel pump not running • Blown fuse
• Defective fuel pump
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Fuel pump, II 19 – Chassis A19 – Chassis U = 0.8*Ubat Fuel pump
signal ground ground inactive
U=0V Fuel pump
active
92

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Fuel pump, 0 1–5 1–5 R > 10 9998567
motor connected
Fuel pump, 0 1 – Chassis 1 – Chassis R = Break 9998567
supply ground ground connected
Fuel pump, 0 5 – Chassis 5 – Chassis R = Break 9998567
signal ground ground connected
93
MID 128 SID 85 Piston cooling valve

lamp on
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp • Short-circuit to higher voltage
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp • Short circuit to frame ground
FMI 5
• Yellow information lamp • Blown fuse
• Open circuit
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, piston II B34 – B9 B34 – B9 U = Ubat Inactive
cooling valve
U=0V Active
94
MID 128 SID 230 Idle validation switch 1

lamp comes on
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to battery voltage and cable between
• “Limp-home” not in working order engine control unit (EECU) and vehicle control
unit (VECU)
• Fault on accelerator pedal
FMI 4
• Yellow information lamp comes on • Short circuit to frame ground on cable between
• “Limp-home” not in working order engine control unit (EECU) and vehicle control
unit (VECU)
• Open circuit in cable between engine control unit
(EECU) and vehicle control unit (VECU)
• Fault on accelerator pedal
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Cable VECU II 4–9 B4 – B9 U<4V Inactive
— EECU
U>8V Active
95
MID 128 SID 231 SAE J1939 Control link

T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Cruise control not working • Short circuit to voltage or frame ground on control
link (SAE J1939)
FMI 11
• Cruise control not working • Internal fault in the engine control unit (EECU)
FMI 12
(D7C and • Cruise control, preheating and engine brake not • Open circuit on control link (SAE J1939)
D9A only) working • No contact with vehicle control unit (VECU)
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
1
J1939 control II 1–9 B1 – B9 U = 2.7 ± 0.3 V
link CANH
1
J1939 control II 2–9 B2 – B9 U = 2.3 ± 0.3 V
link CANL
J1939 II 1–2 B1 – B2 Udiff= 0.4 V Voltage varies
control link depending on
CANH/CANL traffic intensity
1
J1939 control II 1 – Chassis B1 – Chassis U = 2 -5 V Oscilloscope

link CANH ground ground measurement
in VCADS Pro
J1939 control 2 – chassis B2 – Chassis U = 2 -5 V 1
link CANL ground ground
1
96

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Control link 0 1- 2 B1 – B2 R = 60 Two
J1939 high/low termination
resistors
Control link 0 1–2 B1 – B2 R = 120 One
J1939 high/low termination
resistor
Oscilloscope measurement
Measurements are taken with a breakout tool
Select VCADS test with oscilloscope (e.g. fuel pressure). Tests marked with a red box can involve connecting an
oscilloscope.
Suitable settings:
Channels... ±5V on channels A and B each
Time based... 50 ms (x-axis)
Tool: 9998489
Some information can be retrieved from the diagram. The graphs can be between 1V and 4V, inverted and they
meet at 2.5V In VCADS Pro, the graphs are completely inverted because the oscilloscope is slow. There may be a
wave/saw-tooth shaped interference on the signal, which does not necessarily mean there is something wrong.
Measurements can be made at several points along the link (at different control units) to ensure that there is traffic
along its entire length.
97
MID 128 SID 232 5 Volt DC supply

lamp comes on and
a fault code is shown
for the oil and boost
pressure sensor.
T2022503

fault:
FMI 3
• Incorrect value of oil and boost pressure sensor • Short circuit to battery voltage on output EA4
• Low output
• Oil and boost pressure sensor shows 0 in the
instrument
FMI 4
• Oil and boost pressure sensor shows 0 in the • Short circuit to frame ground on EA4 or in sensor
instrument • Faulty sensor
• Low output
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Signal, 5V II 4–5 A4 – A5 U=5V
supply to
sensor
98
MID 128 SID 240 Program memory

T2012704
Type of Symptom: Possible cause: Appropriate action:

fault:
FMI 2
• Red stop lamp comes on • Programming fault • When programming: check
• Engine will not start • Internal fault in control unit parameters
• Fault when driving: change
control unit
FMI 12
• Internal fault in control unit • Change control unit
• Red stop lamp comes on
99
MID 128 SID 250 J1587/1708 Information link

Adapter on control 2x9998505
unit:
T2022503

fault:
FMI 12
• No information on information link from engine
control unit (SAE J1708)
• Boost pressure, oil pressure, oil temperature,
water temperature and engine speed show 0
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Data link II 25 – 9 B25 – B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V The voltage
J1708A varies within
the interval. 1
1
Data link II 26 – 9 B26 – B9 U = 0.3 -4.2 V
J1708B
1
100
MID 128 SID 253 Data set memory EEPROM

Red stop lamp
T2012704

fault:
FMI 2
• Red stop lamp • Internal fault in control unit
• Engine will not start • Programming fault
FMI 12
• Red stop lamp • Internal fault in control unit
• Engine will not start • Checksum error
101
MID 128 SID 254 Engine electronic control unit (EECU)

Red stop lamp
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2, 8,
9, 11, 12 • Red stop lamp • Internal fault in engine control unit.
FMI 13
• Fault code shown on request to control unit • Internal fault in engine control unit.
• Engine misfiring
102
MID 128 PSID 161 VIN

General fault symptom: Engine functions not
working
T2022503

fault:
FMI 12
• Vehicle starts but dies immediately (1 — 3 sec) • Fault on information link SAE J1708
• Fault in vehicle control unit (VECU)
103
MID 128 PSID 162 VIN

List of components: A14, A17
working
T2022503

fault:
FMI 2
• Vehicle starts but dies immediately (1 — 3 sec) • Vehicle control unit (VECU) or engine control unit
(EECU) does not have the same chassis number
104
MID 128 PSID 201 SAE J1939 Data link interruption

working
T2022503

fault:
FMI 9
• Yellow information lamp • Communication fault on data link J1939 between
• Incorrect engine functions (e.g. cruise control, EECU and VECU
EPG, preheating)
Voltage measurement

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
1
Control link II 1–9 B1 – B9 U = 2.7 ± 0.3V
J1939 CANH
1
J1939 data link II 2–9 B2 – B9 U = 2.3 ± 0.3V
CANL
1

Breakout box Wiring
diagram
Control 0 1–2 B1 – B2 R = 60 Two
link J1939, termination
termination resistors
resistor
R = 120 One
termination
resistor
105
Comments
If R = 60 between B1 and B2, the cable is OK.
Measurement has been taken with only one terminal

resistor if R = 120 between B1 and B2. The vehicle
should have two terminal resistors, one internally in the
engine control unit (EECU) and one as a final resistor
close to the vehicle control unit (VECU).
106
MID 128 PPID 273 UREA-pressure

This fault code is set by MID 233 SCRT® but is
sent by MID 128 Engine control unit
See Service information, Group 25, “MID 233 SCRT®”
IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 MID 128 PPID

273 UREA-pressure”, for further fault tracing
MID 128 PPID 274 Temperature sensor UREA-tank

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 274

Temperature sensor UREA tank”, for further fault tracing
MID 128 PPID 275 Temperature sensor, pump unit


Temperature sensor, pump unit”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PPID 277 Air pressure sensor 1


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 277 Air
pressure sensor 1”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PPID 278 Level sensor UREA tank


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PPID 278 Level
sensor, UREA tank”, for further fault tracing.
107
MID 128 PPID 385 Battery voltage


Battery voltage”, for further fault tracing
MID 128 PPID 387 Temperature sensor after catalyst


Temperature after catalyst”, for further fault tracing
MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage valve, drive stage

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 73 Dosage

valve, drove stage”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 74 Regulation valve, drive stage


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 74
Regulation valve, drive stage”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 76 Return valve, drive stage


IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 76 Return
valve, drive stage”, for further fault tracing
108
MID 128 PSID 77 Calibration memory EEPROM


Calibration memory EEPROM”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 79 UREA-flow

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 79 UREA

flow”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 80 Return valve

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 80 Return

valve”, for further fault tracing
MID 128 PSID 81 Emergency shut-down


Emergency shut-down”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 83 Air pressure sensor 2

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 83 Air

pressure sensor 2”, for further fault tracing
109
MID 128 PSID 85 Main relay

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 85 Main

relay”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage, ignition

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 86 Voltage,

ignition”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 87 Speed, pump motor

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 87 Speed,

pump motor”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 88 Pump unit, heating

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 88 Pump

unit, heating”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage valve

IMPACT: Group 25, Diagnosis, “MID 128 PSID 89 Dosage

valve”, for further fault tracing.
110
MID 128 PSID 93 Estimation, dosage

See Service information, Group 25, “MID 233 SCRT®”.

Estimation, dosage”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 94 Pump unit, heating


unit heating”, for further fault tracing.
MID 128 PSID 229 SAE J1939 Data link interruption, UDS
sent by MID 128 Engine control unit.

unit heating”, for further fault tracing.
111
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Dept. 83500 ARAK1
SE-405 08 GÖTEBORG .......................................................................
Sweden
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Concerns Service Manual: ...........................................................................................................................

Volvo Bus Corporation
Göteborg, Sweden
20 036171 English . Printed in Sweden

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Service Manual

The products are under continual development. Values and repair

Note! indicates a situation, use or circumstance that should

Important! indicates a situation, use or circumstance that is

Caution! indicates a potentially dangerous situation that unless it is

Warning! indicates a potentially dangerous situation that unless it is

Danger! indicates an apparent dangerous situation that unless it is

Order number: 20 036171

© 2005 Volvo Bus Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in

Design and Function ............................................................................. 9

The multiplexed electrical system has four data links: The

Multiplexed electrical system

BxDxH 225 x 256 x 60 mm

Operating temperature -40 C to +85 C

Storage temperature -40 C to +85 C

Data links 1 control link SAE link J1939:

Pin description, connector A

Pin Signal type Function Engine type Fault code

Pin description, connector B

Design and Function

LDI Low Digital Input

GDI General Digital Input (HDI/LDI,

HDO High Digital Output

LDO Low Digital Output

LTDI Low Digital Input True

HLDI High Low Digital Input

Limits, % of Ubat HDI LDI HDO LDO HTDI LTDI HLDI

Cold start Idling signal to body

EECU, wiring diagram

Fault code troubleshooting

MID Message Identification Description – PSID Proprietary Subsystem Identification

SID Subsystem Identification Description –

Voltage measuring at the control unit

• Connect the breakout box between the control unit and

• Put the start switch in the drive position (II).

Resistance measurement of component

• Connect the breakout box only to the cabling.

• Put the start switch in the stop position (0).

Resistance measurement at a component

• Connect the breakout box only to the component.

• Put the start switch in the stop position (0).

Voltage measurement at component

• Connect the breakout box between the control unit and

• Put the start switch in the drive position (II).

Resistance measurement of cabling

• Connect a breakout box to each end of the cable.

• Put the start switch in the stop position (0).

Explanation of fault code table

First table, general information

Second table, information on fault types

Third table, measurements

MID 128 PID 21 Sensor temperature , control unit

Engine type: D9A, DH12D

Type of Symptom: Possible cause:

MID 128 PID 26 Fan speed percent

Type of Symptom: Possible cause:

Measure- Key position Measurement points Expected Measured Miscellane-

Measure- Key position Measurement points Expected Measured Miscellane-

Measure- Key position Measurement points Expected Measured Miscellane-

MID 128 PID 45 Preheater status

Engine type: D7C, D9A, D12C,

Type of Symptom: Possible cause: