Grade 7 Sets Notes

INTRODUCTION TO SETS
What is a set?
What is a set? Well, simply put, it's a collection.

For example, the items you wear: hat, shirt,

jacket, pants, and so on.

I'm sure you could come up with at least a

hundred.

This is known as a set.

Or another example is types of fingers.

This set includes index, middle, ring, and pinky.

There is a fairly simple notation for sets. We simply list each element (or
"member") separated by a comma, and then put some curly brackets around the
whole thing:
 Describing a Set
1. R = {a, e, i, o, u}
Answer : The set R is a list of vowels.
2. G = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
Answer: G contains whole numbers less than 10.
3. D = {a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z}
Answer: D contains letters in the English alphabet.

Listing a Set
1. Let X be the set of odd numbers less than 12.

Answer: X = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}

2. Let Y be the set of all continents of the world.

Answer: Y = {Asia, Africa, North America, South America,

Antarctica, Europe, Australia}

3. Let T be the set of all days in a week.

Answer: T = {Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,

Saturday, Sunday}
 TYPES OF SETS
1. Disjoint Sets
In, Mathematics, two sets are said to be disjoint sets if they have no element in
common.
Two sets A and B are said to be disjoint, if they have no element in common.

Thus, A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {5, 7, 9} are disjoint sets;

BUT
but the sets C = {3, 5, 7} and D = {7, 9, 11} are not disjoint; for, 7 is the
common element of A and B.

2. Null Set
In mathematical sets, the null set, also called the empty set, is the set that does
not contain anything.
Symbols for a null or empty set is showed below:
 3. Complement of a Set
In set theory, the complement of a set A refers to elements not in A
For example:
U = { 1 ,2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 } This is the UNIVERSAL SET
B= { 2, 4 , 6 }

The complement of a set, denoted A'

However, A' is everything that is not in A.
A'= { 1 , 3 , 5 }

4. Subset of a set
A subset is a set of elements that are also in another set. For example:
A= { a , b , c , d }
B={b,d}
We can say that B is a subset of A because the elements in B are in A.
 Grade 7 Sets Notes # 2

VENN DIAGRAM

A Venn diagram uses overlapping circles or other shapes to illustrate the

logical relationships between two or more sets of items.

In the diagram below, there are two sets,

A = {1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12}

B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13}.

The section where the two sets overlap has the numbers contained in both Set A
and B, referred to as the intersection of A and B.

TERMS

1. Union - The UNION of two sets is the set of elements which are in either
set.
 For example: let = {1,2,3} and let B = {3,4,5}. Now the UNION of A and
B, written A ∩B = {1,2,3,4,5}. There is no need to list the 3 twice.

2. Intersection - The INTERSECTION of two sets is the set of elements

which are in both sets.
For example: let A = {1,2,3) and B = {3,4,5}. The INTERSECTION of A
and B, written A ∩B = (3).

HOW TO ILLUSTRATE DATA USING A VENN DIAGRAM ?

QUESTION 1:

(a) Given the sets

A = {1,4,5,10,12,14};

B = {1,3,5,7,9}

(i) Draw a Venn Diagram to illustrate the data above.

 (ii) Find

QUESTION 2:
Given = { 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 }, P = {3,6,9} and Q = {2,4,6,8}, draw a Venn
diagram to represent these sets.
Find:
 Grade 7 Worksheet
Sets and Venn Diagram
1. Describe the sets above
(a) A = { Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,
Saturday }
(b) X = { Solid, Liquid, Gas }
(c) E= { Scalene, Isosceles, Equlateral, Right Angle}
(d) W = { 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ……. }
(e) Z = { -3 , -2 , -1 , 0 , 1, 2, 3}
(f) Q = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 }
(g) M= { 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 30}
(h) R= { Westmoreland, St. Ann , St. Mary, Trelawny }

2. List the members of the given set with the correct set name:

(a) Let A be whole numbers greater than 10 but less than 16

(b) Let Y be the first eight letters of the alphabet

(c) Let Q be all the oceans in the world.

(d) Let F be prime numbers less than 20

(e) Let B be all the factors of 10

(f) Let D be multiple of 7 between 15 and 50

3. State the UNION of the following sets

 4. Find the INTERSECTION of the following sets

5. Draw a Venn Diagram to illustrate each of the following sets.

6. State the complement of each letter from the Venn Diagram below.

(a)

𝐵′ = { } 𝐴′ = { }
7. From the Venn Diagram below, answer the following questions.

(a) 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = { }
(b) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = { }
(c) 𝐴′ = { }
(d) 𝐵 ′ = { }
(e) 𝑈 = { } ( 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑈𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑒𝑡 )