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ChE 311 EVAPORATION ChE, BUET
UNIT OPERATION
EVAPORATION
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EVAPORATION COMPARED
WITH DISTILLATION
SOLUTE IN EVAPORATION IS
GENERALLY NON-VOLATILE,
RELATIVE TO SOLVENT
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CONTENT
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CONTENT
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ChE 311 EVAPORATION ChE, BUET
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EVAPORATION
Heat is added to a solution to vaporize the solvent, which is usually water.
Vapor from a boiling liquid solution is removed and a more concentrated solution
remains.
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Vaccum for non
Vapor
Separator
Feed in
Steam in (Saturated
vapor)
Heat Exchanger
Condensate out
(Saturated Liquid)
Product out
Multiple Effect Evaporator
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Double Effect Evaporator
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Heat Transfer Coefficient, h
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Performance of Evaporator
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Steam Economy
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Evaporator Capacity
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Characteristics to considered
Other liquid characteristics Pressure and temperature
Foaming or frothing
Scale deposition
Processing Factors
Solubility Viscosity
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PROCESSING FACTORS
(1) Concentration
dilute feed, viscosity , heat transfer coefficient, h
concentrated solution/products, , and h .
(2) Solubility
concentration , solubility , crystal formed.
solubility with temperature .
(3) Temperature.
heat sensitive material degrade at higher temperature & prolonged
heating.
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(4) Foaming/frothing.
caustic solutions, food solutions, fatty acid solutions form
foam/froth during boiling.
entrainment loss as foam accompany vapor.
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Type of Evaporation
Equipment
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Type of Evaporation Equipment
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ChE 311 EVAPORATION ChE, BUET
Natural Circulation
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Horizontal Tube Evaporator
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Vertical Tube Evaporator
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Vertical Tube Evaporator
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Long Tube Vertical Evaporator
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FORCE CIRCULATION
EVAPORATOR
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Heat Transfer Mechanism
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Exchanger Location & Uses
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SPECIAL TYPE EVAPORATOR
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Falling Film Evaporator
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Falling Film Evaporator
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Agitated Film/ Turbulant film
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Submerged Combustion
Evaporator
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Selection of Evaporator
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Steam Trap
Discharge
condensate,
air and other
incondensable
gases from a
steam system
while not
permitting the
escape of live
steam
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THANK YOU
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