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PVT Final Tt2
PVT Final Tt2
for
Storm Ventures International
TT2
RFLA 20080306
The analyses, opinions or interpretations in this report are based on observations and material supplied by the client to
whom, and for whose exclusive and confidential use, this report is made. The interpretations or opinions expressed
represent the best judgement of Core Laboratories (U.K.) Limited, (all errors and omissions excepted); but Core
Laboratories (U.K.) Limited and its officers and employees assume no responsibility and make no warranty or
representations as to the productivity, proper operation or profitability of any oil, gas or any other mineral well formation in
connection with which such report is used or relied upon.
Dear Sir,
On the 9th September 2008, one separator liquid and one separator gas taken from the subject well were
received at our Aberdeen facility. The samples were subjected to a series of analysis as specified by
Storm Ventures International. The results of these analysis are presented in the following report.
Please note that gas cylinder 4221 was returned to Schlumberger, Tunisia on 22nd October 2008 and
cylinder 21807-IB was returned on 13th November 2008.
Core Laboratories (U.K.) Limited are very pleased to have been of service to Storm Ventures International
in this work. Should any questions arise concerning the data presented in this report, or if Core
Laboratories (U.K.) Limited may be of assistance in any other matter, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Yours sincerely,
Donald McNeil
RFL Supervisor
D
EG
R
ISTERE
Storm Ventures International
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Table of Contents
Compositional analysis of separator samples 21807-IB and 4221 and calculated wellstream to C36+. C.2-C.3
Section E - Appendix
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Separator gas sample 4221, was heated to a temperature 10°C above sampling temperature, agitated, and allowed to
stabilise. The opening pressure, air content and composition through undecanes plus, was then determined (see
below, Gas Compositions).
Separator liquid 21807-IB, was heated to 100°C prior to subsampling to ensure sample integrity and avoid any wax
precipitation.
A portion of the flashed oil was subject to water content by Karl Fischer technique (see below, Water Content by Karl
Fischer Technique).
Gas Compositions
Gas compositions were determined using extended gas chromatography using a GPA 2286 method utilising a multi-
column gas chromatograph system. A temperature programme was used in order to provide optimum detection and
resolution of the heptanes plus components.
Differential Vaporisation
This was carried out in a high pressure visual cell, at reservoir temperature on the same subsample of physically
recombined reservoir fluid used for the CCE test. At several pressure stages, below the observed saturation pressure,
the sample was stabilised. The gas evolved was then pumped out of the cell and the volume, compressibility and
composition were determined. The final stage was carried out at atmospheric pressure when the residual liquid was
pumped out of the cell and its density and composition were determined.
Viscosity
This test was carried out using a Cambridge electro-magnetic viscometer (EMV) on a portion of physically recombined
reservoir fluid. The instrument contains two magnetic coils inside a stainless steel body. A low mass stainless steel
piston inside the measurement chamber is magnetically forced back and forth in the fluid. The time required for the
piston to move a fixed distance is then very accurately related to the viscosity of the fluid in the chamber by use of
calibration constants.
The viscosity measurements were run from 5000 psig down to atmospheric pressure at reservoir temperature. The
measurements were repeated at each pressure stage until five consistent viscosity measurements were obtained
within 0.5% of each other.
Separator Test
A single stage separator test was carried out using a test separator cell. A portion of physically recombined reservoir
fluid was pumped into the separator cell and stabilised at the pressure and temperature required for the first stage
separation. The gas evolved was pumped out of the cell and the volume and composition were determined. The final
stage was carried out at stocktank pressure and temperature (14.73 psia and 15.6°C) and the evolved gas volume and
stocktank liquid composition were determined.
Atmospheric Flash
A known volume of physically recombined reservoir fluid was flashed from reservoir to atmospheric conditions (14.73
psia and 15.6°C) using a flash/separation technique. The volumes of evolved gas and liquid were measured and the
gas-oil ratio and shrinkage factor for the reservoir fluid were mathematically calculated.
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Average single phase compressibility 17.79 x 10-6 psi from 1964 psig to 1925 psig
Solution gas-oil ratio at saturation pressure, Rsd 1287 scf/bbl of residual oil at 15.6°C
Relative oil volume at saturation pressure, Bod 1.727 vol/vol of residual oil at 15.6°C
70 45.0
0 15.6 0.8012
(API = 44.9°)
0 15.6 0.8076
(API = 43.5°)
(1) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C per barrel of stocktank liquid at 15.6°C.
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(2) Volume of saturated fluid at 1925 psig and 56.5°C per volume of stocktank liquid at 15.6°C.
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Installation............................................................................................. n/r
Test....................................................................................................... Surface Test
Perforations.......................................................................................... 1417-1422 m THF
Sampling Information
Choke................................................................................................... 24/64"
Stable since.......................................................................................... 14/07/08 - 11:27
Comments: Well and sampling information for separator samples 21807-IB and 4221 as reported by Storm Ventures
International and Schlumberger Oilphase.
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Separator Liquid
Free
Sampling :- Bubble point :- Water Sample
Sample Cylinder Sampling:- Pressure Temp. Pressure Temp. Recovered Volume
Number Number Date Time (psig) (°C) (psig) (°C) (cm3) (cm3)*
Separator Gas
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Component Mole%
H2 Hydrogen 0.00
H2S Hydrogen sulphide 0.00
CO2 Carbon dioxide 0.18
N2 Nitrogen 1.52
C1 Methane 56.12
C2 Ethane 24.28
C3 Propane 12.62
iC4 i-Butane 0.80
nC4 n-Butane 3.08
C5 neo-Pentane 0.00
iC5 i-Pentane 0.38
nC5 n-Pentane 0.62
C6 Hexanes 0.26
Me-Cyclo-pentane 0.02
Benzene 0.00
Cyclo-hexane 0.03
C7 Heptanes 0.05
Me-Cyclo-hexane 0.01
Toluene 0.00
C8 Octanes 0.02
Ethyl-benzene 0.00
Meta/Para-xylene 0.00
Ortho-xylene 0.00
C9 Nonanes 0.01
1,2,4-TMB 0.00
C10 Decanes 0.00
C11+ Undecanes plus 0.00
_____
Totals : 100.00
Sample Properties
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Field Data
Gas-Oil Ratio = 241590.0 / 275.2 scf / bbl at 109 psig and 27°C
(Adjusted)
= 877.8 scf / bbl at 109 psig and 27°C
Fg is the gas gravity factor, the reciprocal of the square root of the gas gravity.
Fpv is the supercompressibility factor, the reciprocal of the square root of the deviation factor.
Q is the gas flow rate.
Fpb is (field pressure base) / (report pressure base).
Ftb is (report temperature base) / (field temperature base), temperatures in Rankine.
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C7+
Mole% 59.75 0.14 27.05
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 195 96.7 195
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8221 0.7394 0.8219
C11+
Mole% 33.69 15.21
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 258 258
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8596 0.8596
C20+
Mole% 10.67 4.83
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 401 401
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.9010 0.9010
C36+
Mole % 2.19 0.99
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 611 611
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.9358 0.9358
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Theoretical k Sample k
2.50
2.00
C1
1.50 N2
CO2
1.00
C2
0.50
log 10 K
C3
0.00
iC4
nC4
-0.50
iC5
nC5
-1.00
C6
-1.50
-2.00
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200
Boiling Point Temperature (°F)
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Note: Theoretical k Values ref. GPSA Engineering Data Book, Vol I, Section 25, "Equilibrium Ratio (K) Data",1987.
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C7+
Mole% 26.97
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 195
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8218
C11+
Mole% 15.21
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 257
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8590
C20+
Mole% 4.79
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 399
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.9005
C36+
Mole % 0.94
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 611
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.9358
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Instantaneous
Pressure Relative Density Compressibility Y-function
(psig) Volume (1) (g cm-3) (psi-1 x 10-6) (2) (3)
(1) Relative Volume = V / Vsat ie. volume at indicated pressure per volume at saturation pressure.
(2) Instantaneous compressibility = (V2-V1) / V1 x 1/(P1-P2)
(3) Y-function = (Psat - P ) / ((Pabs)(V/Vsat - 1)).
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API 43.1
(1) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C per barrel of residual oil at 15.6°C.
(2) Volume of oil at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of residual oil at 15.6°C.
(3) Volume of oil plus liberated gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of residual oil at 15.6°C.
(4) Volume of gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C.
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1600
1200
Gas-Oil Ratio (scf / bbl)
800
400
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Pressure (psig)
1600
1200
Gas-Oil Ratio (scf / bbl)
800
400
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Pressure (psig)
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Sample I.D.
Test Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Stage Pressure (psig) 1800 1200 700 600 350 300 200 150 100 0
Component (Mole%)
H2 Hydrogen 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2S Hydrogen Sulphide 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO2 Carbon Dioxide 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.22 0.17 0.04
N2 Nitrogen 4.27 3.04 1.63 1.18 0.51 0.31 0.19 0.06 0.03 0.01
C1 Methane 70.71 70.69 66.47 64.09 53.76 49.29 36.67 26.65 13.52 1.50
C2 Ethane 14.95 16.56 20.43 22.23 28.31 31.43 37.76 42.00 44.10 18.75
C3 Propane 6.23 6.41 7.87 8.54 12.12 13.30 17.87 21.64 28.59 34.93
iC4 i-Butane 0.44 0.41 0.50 0.59 0.75 0.83 1.10 1.50 2.07 4.50
nC4 n-Butane 1.64 1.51 1.75 1.95 2.69 2.96 3.95 5.09 7.33 20.42
C5 Neo-Pentane 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03
iC5 i-Pentane 0.26 0.22 0.23 0.26 0.36 0.38 0.51 0.65 0.97 4.33
nC5 n-Pentane 0.49 0.40 0.41 0.45 0.62 0.66 0.88 1.13 1.67 8.01
C6 Hexanes 0.35 0.26 0.24 0.26 0.34 0.35 0.46 0.61 0.87 4.58
M-C-Pentane 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.46
Benzene 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.09
Cyclohexane 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.53
C7 Heptanes 0.16 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.16 0.23 1.09
M-C-Hexane 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.21
Toluene 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.08
C8 Octanes 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.33
E-Benzene 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
M/P-Xylene 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
O-Xylene 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
C9 Nonanes 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.08
1,2,4-TMB 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
C10 Decanes 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02
C11+ Undecanes plus 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____
Totals : 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Gas Gravity 0.775 0.766 0.797 0.815 0.898 0.929 1.035 1.127 1.274 1.777
(Air = 1.000)
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C7+
Mole% 80.45
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 195
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8217
C11+
Mole% 46.13
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 255
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8582
C20+
Mole% 14.35
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 396
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8997
C36+
Mole % 2.67
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 611
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.9358
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Notes:
Bo = Bod x (Bofb/Bodb)
(2) Volume of gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C.
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5000 0.342
4500 0.329
4000 0.317
3500 0.304
3000 0.292
2500 0.279
1964 Reservoir pressure 0.266
1925 Saturation pressure 0.265
1800 0.285 0.0174 16.41
1200 0.397 0.0144 27.50
700 0.531 0.0127 41.71
600 0.566 0.0124 45.63
350 0.678 0.0115 58.92
300 0.708 0.0113 62.68
200 0.780 0.0104 74.83
150 0.828 0.0103 80.31
100 0.889 0.0097 91.19
0 1.479
1.500
1.250
1.000
Viscosity (cP)
0.750
0.500
0.250
0.000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Pressure (psig)
(1) Calculated using the method of Lee, Gonzales and Eakin, JPT, Aug 1966.
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(1) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C per barrel of oil at indicated pressure and temperature.
(2) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C per barrel of stocktank oil at 15.6°C.
(3) Volume of saturated oil at 1925 psig and 56.5°C per volume of stocktank oil at 15.6°C.
(4) Volume of oil at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of stocktank oil at 15.6°C.
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Sample I.D.
Test Stage 1 2
Stage Pressure (psig) 70 0*
Component (Mole%)
H2 Hydrogen 0.00
H2S Hydrogen Sulphide 0.00
CO2 Carbon Dioxide 0.16
N2 Nitrogen 1.46
C1 Methane 49.12
C2 Ethane 23.26
C3 Propane 15.70
iC4 i-Butane 1.21
nC4 n-Butane 4.77
C5 Neo-Pentane 0.01
iC5 i-Pentane 0.92
nC5 n-Pentane 1.65
C6 Hexanes 0.94
M-C-Pentane 0.10
Benzene 0.02
Cyclohexane 0.12
C7 Heptanes 0.26
M-C-Hexane 0.06
Toluene 0.02
C8 Octanes 0.12
E-Benzene 0.00
M/P-Xylene 0.01
O-Xylene 0.00
C9 Nonanes 0.05
1,2,4-TMB 0.00
C10 Decanes 0.03
C11+ Undecanes plus 0.01
_____
Totals : 100.00
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C7+
Mole% 74.96
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 200
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8252
C11+
Mole% 43.81
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 260
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8604
C20+
Mole% 14.71
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 396
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.8997
C36+
Mole % 2.50
Molecular Weight (g mol-1) 611
Density at 15.6°C (g cm-3) 0.9358
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Formation Formation
Gas-Oil Oil Volume Volume Flashed
Pressure Temperature Ratio Density Factor Factor Gas Gravity
(psig) (°C) Rs (1) (g cm-3) Bob (2) Bo (3) (Air = 1.000)
(1) GOR in cubic feet of gas at 14.73 psia and 15.6°C per barrel of stocktank oil at 15.6°C.
(2) Volume of saturated oil at 1925 psig and 56.5°C per volume of stocktank oil at 15.6°C.
(3) Volume of undersaturated oil at 1964 psig and 56.5°C per volume of stocktank oil at 15.6°C.
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Section E - Appendix
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* ASTM Data Series Publication DS 4B (1991) - Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon
Compounds.
** GPA Table of Physical Constants of Paraffin Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Natural Gas,
GPA 2145-96.
Note :
The gas mole % compositions were calculated from the measured weight % compositions using the most detailed analysis results,
involving as many of the above components as were identified. The reported component mole % compositions were then sub-
grouped into the generic carbon number components.
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* ASTM Data Series Publication DS 4B (1991) - Physical Constants of Hydrocarbon and Non-Hydrocarbon
Compounds.
** GPA Table of Physical Constants of Paraffin Hydrocarbons and Other Components of Natural Gas
GPA 2145-96.
Note :
The residue mole weight and density values ( eg heptanes plus, undecanes plus, eicosanes plus) are calculated so that the calculated
average mole weights and densities correspond with the measured values. This can lead to anomalous residue mole weights and
densities where the Katz and Firoozabadi values may not be suitable for the isomer groups detected.
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