PREHISTORIC ERA

• Prehistoric age or Pre literary history Refers to the time before the
existence of written or recorded history.

• Prehistory is defined as the period between the use of the first stone
tools and the invention of the first writing systems.

• Prehistoric Age occurred 4.5 million years ago or 30, 000 years ago.

https://www.creativedisplaysnow.com/articles/history-of-communication-from-cave-drawings-to-the-web/
 PREHISTORIC ERA

they used writing

materials made out
of stone, trees,
branches, and plants
extracts

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-st-la-salle/information-technology/prehistoric-industrial-electronic-and-new-age/24148721?fbclid=IwAR0H-
mX506eFXXzgqHGVSTnwRwYX7EVcuWZQ5F9d6MmqYk5dfVb1TEAuaLk
 PREHISTORIC ERA

They carved on
stones or rocks and
on caved walls to
store information

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-st-la-salle/information-technology/prehistoric-industrial-electronic-and-new-age/24148721?fbclid=IwAR0H-
mX506eFXXzgqHGVSTnwRwYX7EVcuWZQ5F9d6MmqYk5dfVb1TEAuaLk
 BROADCAST
INFORMATION

They used smoke signals

to broadcast information
back then like danger or
some sort of signal to alert
the others

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-st-la-salle/information-
technology/prehistoric-industrial-electronic-and-new-age/24148721?fbclid=IwAR0H-
mX506eFXXzgqHGVSTnwRwYX7EVcuWZQ5F9d6MmqYk5dfVb1TEAuaLk
These early methods of
communication had two
limitations
FIRST
They were restricted as to the time in which
communication could take place. As soon as
the words were spoken, the gesture was
made, or the smoke was blown away by the
wind, they were gone and could not be
recovered, except by repetition
SECOND
they were restricted as to
space. They could used only
betw een persons more or less
close to each other
Industrial Era of Media
(1700s-1930s)
 INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1900s)
• The Industrial Age is how technology alters
the usability of information for members
of society. This involves various machines
such as printers and digital tools. It starts
on year 1700.
• People used the power of steam, developed
machine tools, established iron production,
and the manufacturing of various products
(including books through the printing press).
 INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1900s)
• The ability to communicate across long distances
improved dramatically during the Industrial Revolution. It
began with the invention of the electrical telegraph by
Samuel Morse in 1844. This system allowed messages to
be transmitted much quicker and cheaper than old
methods.
• Samuel Finley Breese Morse- American
painter and inventor who developed the
electric telegraph
 INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1900s)
• Morse Code is a method of communication in which
characters are sequenced in two different signal
durations using dots and dashes. These codes are
transmitted as electrical pulses of varied lengths. It was
invented by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail.
• Alfred Lewis Vail- American telegraph pioneer and
an associate and financial backer of Samuel F.B.
Morse in the experimentation that made the
telegraph a commercial reality.
 INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1900s)

• Additionally, Vail developed a more straightforward

alphabetic system of code to replace Morse's original, but
more complicated numerical code, in which dashes and
dots were interpreted as numbers and then translated
into words in a code book. Vail's alpha code greatly sped
up the process of deciphering messages.
 INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1900s)
• Alexander Graham Bell- a Scottish-born
American inventor, scientist, and teacher of the deaf
whose foremost accomplishments were the invention
of the telephone (1876) and the refinement of the
phonograph.
• Telephone. The first telephone was invented by
Alexander Graham Bell. This device allowed people to
communicate with people living longer distances. This
made communication easier between businessmen during
the Industrial Revolution
INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1900s)
Examples forms of media in industrial
age:
• Newspaper: The London Gazette (1740)
• Typewriter (1800)
• Telephone (1876)
• Motion picture photography/projection
(1890)
• Printing press for mass production (1900)
• Commercial Motion Pictures (1913)
• Motion picture with sound (1926)
• Telegraph
• Punch cards
• Newspaper:
The London
Gazette
(1740)
• Typewriter
(1800)
• Telephone
(1876)
 • Motion
picture
photograph
y/projectio
n (1890)
• Printing
press for
mass
production
(1900)
Commercial
Motion
Pictures
(1913)
• Motion
picture with
sound (1926)
• Telegraph
• Punch cards
 KEY POINTS
(Industrial age)
• Industrial age is how technology alters the us
ability of information for members of society.
• Samuel Morse the one who inventor
of telegraph and the creator of morse
code
• Alfred Lewis Vail the developed a more
straightforward alphabetic system of
code to replace Morse's original
• Alexander Graham Bell the one who
invented telephone
Electronic Age
(1930s - 1980s)
 When did it start?

At around the 1930s when Pulse-code Modulation (PCM)

was commercialized for radios, telephones, and
the like; with the eventual creationof the great
grandfather that started the Electronic Era: The
ENIAC or The Electronic Numerical Intergrator
Calculator as the first electronic device and the Telegraph
for the beginnings of fast and efficient
communications technology.
 Electronic Age (1930s-1980s)
People harnessed the power of transistors that led to the transistor
radio, electronic circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long
distance communication became more efficient. Examples:
Transistor Radio.

The informational or digital eras are other names for the

electronic era. It started in the 1970s and has continued up
to the present. The transition from traditional industry to an
information-based, computerized economy is currently
taking place.
Television (1941)
Television, sometimes shortened to TV, is a telecommunication
medium for transmitting moving images and sound. The term can
refer to a television set, or the medium of television transmission.

Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news,

and sports. The first rudimentary experimental versions of television
were made available in the late 1920s, but it took several more years
for the new technology to be marketed to consumers.

The popularity of an improved black-and-white television

broadcasting format after World War II led to the widespread
adoption of televisions in homes, places of business, and educational
institutions
 Transistor Radio (1947)
A small portable radio receiver with transistor-based circuitry is
known as a transistor radio. The Regency TR-1 became the first
commercial transistor radio in 1954 after the transistor was created
in 1947, revolutionizing consumer electronics by introducing
portable, compact devices that were both powerful and convenient.

Before the transistor was invented, radios used vacuum tubes.

Although portable vacuum tube radios were produced, they
were typically bulky and heavy.
 Transistor radio (1947)
The need for a low voltage high current source to power the
filaments of the tubes and high voltage for the anode potential
typically required two batteries. Vacuum tubes were also inefficient
and fragile compared to transistors and had a limited lifetime.
Bell Laboratories demonstrated the first transistor on December
23, 1947.
 Bell Laboratories demonstrated the first
transistor on December 23, 1947.

https://www.wired.com/2009/12/1223shockley-bardeen-brattain-transistor/

A transistor radio is a small portable radio receiver that uses

transistor-based circuitry. Following their development in 1954,
made possible by the invention of the transistor in 1947, they
became the most popular electronic communication device in
history
Large electronic computers- i.e. EDSAC (1949) and
UNIVAC 1 (1951)

Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of

operations known as programs. These programs enable computers
to perform a wide range.digital electronic computer is a computer
machine which is both an electronic computer and a digital
computer. Examples of digital electronic computers include the
IBM PC, the Apple Macintosh, and modern smartphone
 ENIAC, short for Electronic Numerical Integrator
And Computer,
EDSAC
EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic
Computer
IBM:International Business Machines Corporation
EDSAC:Electronic Delay Storage Automatic
Calculator
UNIVAC:Universal Automatic Computer
Mainframe computer – i.e. IBM 704 (1960)

A mainframe computer, also known as a mainframe or big iron, is

a type of computer used primarily by large organizations for
crucial applications like processing large amounts of data for
tasks like censuses, business and consumer statistics, enterprise
resource planning, and transaction processing on a large scale. A
mainframe computer is larger than a supercomputer but smaller
than a minicomputer and has more processing power than some
other computer classes like workstations, servers, mini
computers, and personal computers.
 IBM - 704

The IBM 704 Data Processing System was a large-scale computer

designed for engineering and scientific calculations. Its predecessor
was the 701, and its sister computers were the 702 and 705 Data
Processing Systems, designed primarily for commercial applications.

A photo form
https://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/IBM_704
Personal computers – i.e.
Hewlett-Packard 9100A (1968)
and Apple 1 (1976
 Apersonal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose microcomputer

whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for

individual use. Personal computers are intended to be

operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer

expert or technician.

 Unlike large, costly minicomputers and mainframes,

time- sharingby many people at the same time isnot used

with personal computers. Primarily in the late 1970s and

1980s, the term home computer wasalso used

 Hewlett-Packard 9100A (1968)

The Hewlett Packard 9100A is considered the earliest documented

use of the term “personal computer.” Despite this, the 9100A was
marketed as a programmable desktop calculator.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewlett-
Packard_9100A#/media/File:HP9100A-
IMG_0393.jpg
 Apple 1 (1976)

Unlike other hobbyist computers of its day, which were sold as kits,
the Apple I was a fully assembled circuit board containing about 60+
chips. However, to make a working computer, users still had to add a
case, power supply transformers, power switch, ASCII keyboard, and
composite video display.
In 1975, Steve Wozniak designed the Apple I as his personal computer
to use the ARPANET and play games.
Apple 1 (1976)

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1692121
Digital Age
Digital Age
Or Digital Revolution, which started around 1980
with the Internet and after with mobile devices, social
networking, big data, and computing clouds, revolutionized
work practices in healthcare. This is otherwise referred to as the
Information Age, a historic period in the 21st century
characterized by the rapid shift from traditional industry that the
Industrial Revolution brought through industrialization, to an
economy based on information technology.
The Digital Age began in earnest with the
widespread use of the Internet, is the time
period starting in the 1970s with the
introduction of the
Personal Computer
with subsequent technology introduced
providing the ability to transfer information
freely and quickly
This current era whereby social, economic and
political activities are dependent on
information and communication technologies.
It is also known as the Information Age or the
Digital Era. The Digital Age refers to the time-
period in which personal computers and other
subsequent technologies were introduced to
provide users the ability to easily and rapidly
transfer information.
What is Digital
Communication?

It means, dissemination of messages across the different social media

platforms. Also by putting the social media to work in business.
Communication in the Digital Age covers communication methods,
technologies, and approaches in the digital age. Internet and social media
have made communicating with friends, family and many others easier and
quicker. It also allowed for good communication without difficulty, opening a
world of friendship and interaction no previous generation had.
Advancement of
Technology
Advancement of
Technology
 Transistors
A miniature semi-conductor that regulates
or controls current or voltage flow in
addition amplifying and generating these
electrical signals and acting as
switch/gate for them.
 Computer
A machine that can be programmed to
carry out sequences.
 Computer
A machine that can be programmed to
carry out sequences.
 Super Computer
Are general-purpose computers that
function at the highest operational rate or
peak performance for computers.
 Mainframe Computers
Is a computer used primarily by large
organizations for critical applications like
bulk data processing for tasks such as
censuses, industry and consumer statistics,
enterprise resource planning, and large
scale transaction processing.
 Server
Is a piece of computer hardware or
software that provides functionality for
other program or devices called “clients”.
 Workstation
Is a special computer designed for
technical or scientific applications.
 Mini-Computer
Is a class of smaller general purpose
computers that developed in mid-1960s
and sold at a much lower price than
mainframe and mid-size computers from
IBM and its direct competitor.
 Personal Computer
Is a multi-purpose microcomputer with
hose size, capabilities, and price make it
feasible for individual use.
 Computer
A machine that can be programmed to
carry out sequences.
 Data
Is the information that has been
translated into a form that is efficient for
movement or processing.
 Telecommunication
Networks
Is a group of nodes interconnected by
telecommunications links that are used to
exchange messages between the nodes.
 Internet
Interconnected Network is a network
system that connects millions of web
servers.
 Analog to Digital Conversion

Analog Computer Digital Computer 1950s

Telex Fax 1980s
Phonograph Cylinder, Compact Disk 1980s – 1990s
Gramophone Record, Compact
Cassette

VHS DVD 2000s

Analog Photography Digital Photography 2000s
Analog Cinematography Digital Cinematography 2010s
Analog Television Digital Television 2010s
 Analog to Digital Conversion

Analog Radio Digital Radio 2020s

Analog Mobile Phone Digital Mobile Phone 1990s
(1g) (2g)
Analog Watch & Clock Digital Watch & Clock Not yet predictable
Analog Thermometer Digital Thermometer 2010s
Offset Printing Digital Printing 2020s
Decline or disappearance of below Analog Technologies:

Telegram
Mail (2020s)
(2010s)

Typewriter
(2010s)
 Disappearance of other Technologies also
attributed to Digital Revolution

• CRT (2010s)
• Plasma Display (2010s)
• CCFL backlit LCDs (2010s)
 Improvements in Digital Technologies
Desktop Computer Laptop Tablet Computer
DVD Blu-ray Ultra HD Blu-ray
2g 3g to 4g 5g
Mobile Phones Smartphones 2010s
Digital Watch > Smartwatch
Analog Weighing Scale > Digital Weighing Scale
Most Common Modern
Communication
Devices
 A mobile phone (cellphone,
etc.)[a] is a portable telephone
that can make and receive calls
over a radio frequency link
while the user is moving within a
telephone service area, as
opposed to a fixed-location
phone (landline phone).
Most Common Modern
Communication
Devices
 A tablet computer, commonly
shortened to tablet, is a mobile
device, typically with a mobile
operating system and
touchscreen display processing
circuitry, and a rechargeable
battery in a single, thin and flat
package.
Most Common Modern
Communication
Devices
 A laptop computer or notebook
computer, also known as a
laptop or notebook for short, is a
small, portable personal
computer (PC).
 FAME & CRIME

The Two Main Operating

System for Mobile (OS)
Iphone OS and Android OS
 FAME & CRIME

Android is a mobile operating system based on a

modified version of the Linux kernel and other
open-source software, designed primarily for
touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones
and tablets. Android is developed by a consortium
of developers known as the Open Handset
Alliance, though its most widely used version is
primarily developed by Google. It was unveiled in
November 2007, with the first commercial
Android device, the HTC Dream, being launched
in September 2008.
 FAME & CRIME

• No codename 1.0 1 May 20, 2010 16 – 18 July 9, 2012

September 23, 2008 • Gingerbread 2.3 - • KitKat 4.4 - 4.4.4 19 –
• No codename 1.1 2 2.3.7 9 – 10 20 October 31, 2013
February 9, 2009 December 6, 2010 • Lollipop 5.0 - 5.1.1
• Cupcake 1.5 3 April • Honeycomb 3.0 - 21- 22 November 12,
27, 2009 3.2.6 11 – 13 February 2014
• Donut 1.6 4 22, 2011
September 15, 2009 • Ice Cream Sandwich
• Éclair 2.0 - 2.1 5 – 7 4.0 - 4.0.4 14 – 15
October 26, 2009 October 18, 2011
• Froyo 2.2 - 2.2.3 8 • Jelly Bean 4.1 - 4.3.1
 FAME & CRIME

• Marshmallow 6.0 - 2018 7, 2022

6.0.1 23 October 5, • Android 10 Quince • Android 13 Tiramisu
2015 Tart 10.0 29 13 33 August 15,
• Nougat 7.0 24 August September 3, 2019 2022
22, 2016 • Android 11 Red Velvet • Android 14 Upside
• Nougat 7.1.0 - 7.1.2 Cake 11 30 Down Cake 14 34
25 October 4, 2016 September 8, 2020 March 8, 2023
• Oreo 8.0 26 August • Android 12 Snow Cone • Android 15 Vanilla Ice
21, 2017 12 31 October 4, Cream 15 35 Expected
• Oreo 8.1 27 December 2021 2024
5, 2017 • Android 12L Snow
• Pie 9.0 28 August 6, Cone v2 12.1 32 March
 FAME & CRIME

The iPhone is a line of smartphones produced by

Apple Inc. which uses Apple's own iOS mobile
operating system. The first-generation iPhone
was announced by then-Apple CEO Steve Jobs on
January 9, 2007. Since then, Apple has annually
released new iPhone models and iOS updates. As
of November 1, 2018, more than 2.2 billion
iPhones had been sold. As of 2022, the iPhone
accounts for 15.6% of global smartphone market
share.

• iPhone OS 1 1.1.5 July
15, 2008
• iPhone OS 2 2.2.1
January 27, 2009
• iPhone OS 3 3.1.3
February 2, 2010
• 3.2.2 August 11, 2010
— 2016
• iOS 4 4.2.1 November
22, 2010
• 4.2.10 / 4.3.5 July 25,
2011 —
• iOS 5 5.1.1 May 7,
2012
FAME & CRIME
• iOS 6 6.1.6 February •
21, 2014 —
• iOS 7 7.1.2 June 30, •
2014 4 —
• iOS 8 8.4.1 August 13, •
2015 —
• iOS 9 9.3.5 August 25, •
• 9.3.6 July 22, 2019 2
• iOS 10 10.3.3 July 19, •
2017 • iOS 16 / iPadOS 16 16.4
• 10.3.4 July 22, 2019
• iOS 11 11.4.1 July 9,
2018 —
iOS 12 12.5.7 January
23, 2023
iOS 13 / iPadOS 13 13.7
September 1, 2020 —
iOS 14 / iPadOS 14
14.8.1 October 26, 2021
iOS 15 / iPadOS 15
15.7.3 January 23, 2023
15.7.4 March 27, 2023
March 27, 2023
 The Most Popular Operating System on Computers
Windows is a group of several proprietary
graphical operating system families
developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each
family caters to a certain sector of the
computing industry. For example, Windows
NT for consumers, Windows Server for
servers, and Windows IoT for embedded
systems. Defunct Windows families include
Windows 9x, Windows Mobile, and Windows
Phone.
Windows 7[4] 2009-10-22 NT 9200 IA-32, x86-64 2016-01- Windows 10 Education
6.1 12 Windows 10 Enterprise
Windows 7 Starter Windows 8.1 Blue 2013-10-17 Windows 10 Pro for
Windows 7 Home Basic NT 6.3 Workstations[i]
Windows 7 Home Premium Windows 8.1 Windows 10 Pro Education[j]
Windows 7 Professional Windows 8.1 Pro Windows 10 S[k]
Windows 7 Enterprise Windows 8.1 Enterprise Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC[l]
Windows 7 Ultimate 9600 IA-32, x86-64 2023-01-10 10240 IA-32, x86-64 2025-10-
7601[d] IA-32, x86-64 2020-01- 2014-05-23[e] 14[7][m]
14 Windows 8.1 with Bing Windows 10 version 1511
Windows 8 Windows 8 2012-10- Windows 10 version 1507 Threshold 2 2015-11-10 1511
26 NT 6.2 Threshold[5][f] 2015-07-29 NT 10586
Windows 8 10.0[g][h]
Windows 8 Pro Windows 10 Home
Windows 8 Enterprise Windows 10 Pro
Windows 10 version 1607 2019-05-21 1903 18362 Valley[p] 2021-10-05 21H2
Redstone 1 2016-08-02 1607 Windows 10 version 1909 Windows 11 Home
14393 Vanadium[n][13] 2019-11-12 1909 Windows 11 Pro
Windows 10 version 1703 18363 Windows 11 Pro for Workstations
Redstone 2[8] 2017-04-05 1703 Windows 10 version 2004 Windows 11 Pro Education
15063 Vibranium[13][14][o] 2020-05-27 Windows 11 Education
Windows 10 version 1709 2004 19041 Windows 11 Enterprise
Redstone 3[9] 2017-10-17 1709 Windows 10 version 20H2 2020- Windows 11 SE
16299 IA-32, x86-64, ARM64 10-20 20H2 19042 22000 x86-64, ARM64 2023-10-
Windows 10 version 1803 Windows 10 version 21H1 2021- 10[q]
Redstone 4 2018-04-30 1803 05-18 21H1 19043 Windows 11 version 22H2 Sun
17134 Windows 10 version 21H2 2021-11-Valley 2 2022-09-20
Windows 10 version 1809 16 21H2 19044
Redstone 5[10] 2018-11-13 1809 Windows 10 version 22H2 2022-
17763 10-18 22H2 19045
Windows 10 version 1903 19H1[11] Windows 11 version 21H2 Sun
Internet
Who invented it?
Internet Who invented it?
There is no true inventor of the internet. When
networking technology was first developed, a
number of scientists and engineers brought their
research together to create the ARPANET. Bob
Kahn and Vint Cerf, the inventors of Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in
1983, helped ARPANET evolve into the internet
that we know and use today. Cerf is credited with
the first written use of the word ‘internet’.
DNS Who invented it?
Paul Mockapetris and Jon Postel invented the
Domain Name System (DNS) in 1983. It is the
internet’s equivalent of a phone book, and
converts hard-to-remember IP addresses into
simple names.
World Wide Web Who created it?

Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web

(WWW) in 1989. He also developed many of the
principles we still use today, such as HTML, HTTP,
URLs and web browsers.

The First Web Browser

Mosaic, the first widely-used web browser was
invented by Marc Andreessen in 1993.
Email Who created it?
In 1971, Ray Tomlinson created the electronic
mail that know it today. He introduced the idea
that the destination of a message should be
indicated using the @ symbol, which was first
used to distinguish between the individual user’s
name and that of their computer (i.e.
user@computer). When DNS was introduced, this
was extended to user@host.domain.
 Pros and Cons
The digital revolution has changed the rules,
personal relations, business, communication and
the way everyone uses their time. The impact of
technology is always associated with achieving
greater freedom, but it has also pushed us to
levels of distraction and dependence that have
changed how we engage with the world.
 Pros and Cons
For example, teaching and learning in the digital
age combine traditional and modern approaches
to make education more holistic and dynamic for
the students. In an online distance learning or
remote learning setup, students study concepts
and theories virtually or through the internet. It
can also be integrated in a face-to-face
environment such as what we are doing right
now.
wearable technology 1961
Wearable technology is any kind of electronic device
designed to be worn on the user's body. Such devices
can take many different forms, including jewelry,
accessories, medical devices, and clothing or
elements of clothing. In 1961, Edward Thorp and
Claude Shannon created wearable technology in the
form of a tiny four-button computer that could fit into
a shoe or be strapped around the user's waist.

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Portablelaptop 1980
The Portal was a portable microcomputer designed
and marketed by the studies and developments
department of the French firm R2E Micral in 1980 at
the request of the company C C M C specializing in
payroll and accounting. The Portal was based on an
intel 8 0 8 5 processor, 8-bit, clocked at 2 MHz.

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internet 1990
The internet (1990)
The creation of the internet, or the world wide
web as it was first known, has changed billions
of lives by providing access to a nearly limitless
source of information. By allowing people in
different countries to instantly transmit
messages to one another, the internet has
completely transformed the way we
communicate as well.

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Mo aic 1993 The very first web browser was the
WorldWideWeb of Berners-Lee, but the
first popularized web browser
was the N C S A Mosaic Internet Web Browser. Previous web
browsers were not user friendly; they lacked an intuitive and
inviting way to allow people to navigate the then-new World
Wide Web.In 1992 two developers at the National Center for
Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of
Illinois (Marc Andreessen and Eric Brina) began working on a
graphical, user friendly web browser they would later call
“Mosaic”. The most notable features this computer program had
that other browsers lacked were the ability to view pictures
directly on the page, its ease of navigation, and the way this
browser handled hyperlinks.

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Smartphone 1992
Smartphones are handheld devices that enable people to
make phone calls, send text messages, and access the
internet.
S mart phones
In 1992, IBM announced the very first smartphone. It released
the Simon Personal Communicator (SPC) for purchase in 1994.
The S P C was the first touchscreen phone. Additionally, it had
the ability to send and receive both emails and faxes. It also
had a calendar, address book, and a native appointment
scheduler, and even featured standard and predictive stylus-
compatible screen keyboards.
These features were unique and advanced enough to earn the
S P C the title “World’s First Smartphone.”

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Tablet 1993
In 1993, Apple Computer released the
Apple Newton, with a 6-inch screen and
8 0 0 grams weight). It utilized Apple's own
new Newton OS, initially running on
hardware manufactured by Motorola and
incorporating an A R M CPU, that Apple had
specifically co-developed with Acorn
Computers.

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Internet explorer 1994
The Internet Explorer project was started in the
summer of 1994 by Thomas Reardon, Internet
Explorer (IE) is a World Wide Web browser that
comes bundled with the Microsoft Windows
operating system (OS). Internet Explorer is a free
web browser, commonly called IE or MSIE, that
allows users to view web pages on the internet. It
is also used to access online banking, online
marketing over the internet, listen to and watch
streaming videos, and many more.

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Google 1997 Goog le was officially
launched in 19 9 8 by Larry Pag e and S erg ey

Brin to market Google Search, which has become the most used web-based
search engine. Larry Page and Sergey Brin, students at Stanford University in
California, developed a search algorithm at first known as "BackRub" in
1996, with the help of Scott Hassan and Alan Steremberg. The search
engine soon proved successful and the expanding company moved several
times, finally settling at Mountain View in 2003. This marked a phase of rapid
growth, with the company making its initial public offering in 2 0 04 and
quickly becoming one of the world's largest media companies. The company
launched Google News in 2002, Gmail in 2004, Google M ap s in 2005,
Google Chrome in 2008, and the social network known as Google+ in 2011
(which was shut down in April 2019), in addition to many other products. In
2015, Google became the main subsidiary of the holding company Alphabet Inc.

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Skype 2003
*Skype was originally developed by the Kazaa Media Desktop
IT business; the name came from the phrase “Sky peer to peer.”
*It was invented by the S wedish entrepreneur N iklas
Zennström and the Dane Janus Friis.
* The software client was sold to eBay and then to Microsoft.
*
* Skype is an extremely popular software application that
allows users to make voice calls over the Internet, as well as
online chat, file transfer, and video conferencing. Its
development in 2002 was financed by the Skype Group,
founded by Swedish entrepreneur Niklas Zennström and the
Dane Janus Friis, who already had experience in venture IT
business, founding Kazaa Media Desktop .

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Twitter 2004
Odeo, a podcasting company started in 2004 by Evan Williams, Biz
Stone, and Noah Glass, gave rise to Twitter.
Williams had founded the well-known Web authoring tool Blogger,
and Stone had previously worked at Google. When Apple revealed in
2005 that it would include podcasts in its digital media application
iTunes, the management of Odeo believed that the company could not
compete with Apple and that a new direction was required.
When asked about any intriguing side projects they were working on,
Jack Dorsey, an engineer at Odeo, suggested a short message service
(SMS) where users could post brief blog-like updates with friends.
Glass suggested Twttr as a name.
On March 21, 2006, Dorsey sent the first tweet ("just putting up my
twttr"), and Twitter's finished version made its debut in July 2006

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Facebook 2 0 0 7
In 2007, Facebook once again simplified its profile
design, this time switching up its navigation to include its
core features at the top, applications on the left-hand
side, and settings in the right-hand corner. With the
rollout, the company also introduced "Inbox" as a
redesign of its former " My Messages" and " My Shares"
pages.
Facebook tweaked News Feed in 2007 to be more at the
center of its universe.
It also launched Facebook platform and video later in the
year. By July, Facebook hit 3 0 million active members.

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Friendster 2002
Friendster was launched in 2002 by an American
computer programmer Jonathan Abrams as a social
networking platform to connect users with each
other to share videos, photos, messages and
comments with each other via their profiles. At the
time Friendster was one of the first networks to gain
1 million members .

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Multiply 2003
Multiply was a social networking service with
an emphasis on allowing users to share media –
such as photos, videos and blog entries – with
their "real-world" network. The website was
launched in March 2004 and was privately held
with backing by VantagePoint Venture
Partners, Point Judith Capital, Transcosmos,
and private investors.

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 Pros and Cons
People back in the olden days used to hunt for their own food, had to
drag what they hunted all the way back to their houses, skin it and
cook it just to eat. Nowadays, everything can be done with just a single
tap or a single call. Technology helped human lives become more fast-
paced and thus allowed us to do more things within a day. But, along
with these are the risks and threats of technology advancement. We are
starting to become overly reliant on technology and is even starting to
degrade our youth's thinking capabilities. We must keep in mind that
we shouldn't simply take technology for granted and instead, we must
think thoroughly while using it and be responsible for our actions.