Functions Review [45 

marks]
1a. [1 mark] Urvashi wants to model the height of a moving object. She collects the
following data showing the height, ℎ  metres, of the object at time 𝑡 seconds.

2
She believes the height can be modeled by a quadratic function, ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑎𝑡 + 𝑏𝑡 + 𝑐,
where 𝑎,   𝑏,   𝑐∈𝑅. Show that 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐 = 34.

1b. [3 marks]. Write down two more equations for 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.

1c. [4 marks] Solve this system of three equations to find the value of 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐.

1d. [3 marks] Hence find when the height of the object is zero.

1e. [2 marks] the maximum height of the object.

2a. [5 marks] Three towns, 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are represented as coordinates on a map, where the 𝑥
and 𝑦 axes represent the distances east and north of an origin, respectively, measured in
kilometres. Town 𝐴 is located at (− 6,   − 1) and town 𝐵 is located at (8,  6). A road runs
along the perpendicular bisector of [𝐴𝐵]. This information is shown in the following
diagram.

Find the equation of the line that the road follows. Hint (find the midpoint…formula is in
your booklet)

2b. [2 marks] Town 𝐶 is due north of town 𝐴 and the road passes through town 𝐶. Find the
𝑦-coordinate of town 𝐶.
3a. [2 marks] The cross-section of an arched entrance into the ballroom of a hotel is in the
shape of a parabola. This cross-section can be modelled by part of the graph
2
𝑦 =− 1. 6𝑥 + 4. 48𝑥, where 𝑦 is the height of the archway, in metres, at a horizontal
distance, 𝑥 metres, from the point 𝑂, in the bottom corner of the archway. This was an
exam question from last year.

Determine an equation for the axis of symmetry of the parabola that models the archway.

3b. [3 marks] To prepare for an event, a square-based crate that is 1. 6𝑚 wide and 2. 0𝑚
high is to be moved through the archway into the ballroom. The crate must remain upright
while it is being moved. Determine whether the crate will fit through the archway. Justify
your answer.
4a. [2 marks] Dilara is designing a kite 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 on a set of coordinate axes in which one unit
represents 10𝑐𝑚. The coordinates of 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are (2,  0),  (0,  4) and (4,  6) respectively.
Point 𝐷 lies on the 𝑥-axis. [𝐴𝐶] is perpendicular to [𝐵𝐷]. This information is shown in the
following diagram.

Find the gradient of the line through 𝐴 and 𝐶.

4b. [1 mark] Write down the gradient of the line through 𝐵 and 𝐷.

4c. [2 marks] Find the equation of the line through 𝐵 and 𝐷. Give your answer in the form 
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑑 = 0, where 𝑎,  𝑏 and 𝑑 are integers.

4d. [1 mark] Write down the 𝑥-coordinate of point 𝐷.

5a. [2 marks] The price of gas at Leon’s gas station is $1. 50 per litre. If a customer buys a
minimum of 10 litres, a discount of $5 is applied. This can be modelled by the following
function, 𝐿, which gives the total cost when buying a minimum of 10 litres at Leon’s gas
station.
𝐿(𝑥) = 1. 50𝑥 − 5,  𝑥≥10

where 𝑥 is the number of litres of gas that a customer buys. Find the total cost of buying 40
litres of gas at Leon’s gas station.

−1
5b. [2 marks] Find 𝐿 (70).

5c. [3 marks] The price of gas at Erica’s gas station is $1. 30 per litre. A customer must buy a
minimum of 10 litres of gas. The total cost at Erica’s gas station is cheaper than Leon’s gas
station when 𝑥 > 𝑘. Find the minimum value of 𝑘.
 2
6a. [1 mark] Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐. The graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is shown
in the diagram. The vertex of the graph has coordinates (0. 5,   − 12. 5). The graph
intersects the 𝑥-axis at two points, (− 2,  0) and (𝑝,  0).

Find the value of 𝑝.

6b. [5 marks] Find the value of

(i)     𝑎.
(ii)    𝑏.
(iii)   𝑐.

6c. [1 mark] Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of the graph.
Markscheme
2
1a. 𝑡 = 2,   ℎ = 34⇒  34 = 𝑎2 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐     M1
⇒ 34 = 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 𝑐     AG

1b. attempt to substitute either (5, 38) or (7, 24)      M1

25𝑎 + 5𝑏 + 𝑐 = 38      A1
49𝑎 + 7𝑏 + 𝑐 = 24      A1

5 44
1c. 𝑎 =− 3
,   𝑏 = 13,   𝑐 = 3
     M1A1A1A1

5 2 44
1d. − 3
𝑡 + 13𝑡 + 3
= 0      M1

𝑡 = 8. 8 seconds    M1A1

1e. attempt to find maximum height, e.g. sketch of graph     M1

ℎ = 40. 0 metres    A1

2a. midpoint (1,  2. 5)           A1

6−(−1) 1
𝑚𝐴𝐵 = 8−(−6)
= 2
           (M1)A1

Note: Accept equivalent gradient statements including using midpoint.

𝑚⊥ =− 2           M1

Note: Award M1 for finding the negative reciprocal of their gradient.

9
𝑦 − 2. 5 =− 2(𝑥 − 1)  OR  𝑦 =− 2𝑥 + 2
  OR  4𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 9 = 0           A1
2b. substituting 𝑥 =− 6 into their equation from part (a)           (M1)
9
𝑦 =− 2(− 6) + 2

𝑦 = 16. 5           A1

Note: Award M1A0 for (− 6,  16. 5) as their final answer.

 
4.48
3a. (𝑥 =)  − 2(−1.6)
   OR   coordinates of maximum point (1. 4,  3. 136)          (M1)

𝑥 = 1. 4           A1
 
3b. METHOD 1
the cart is centred in the archway when it is between
𝑥 = 0. 6 and 𝑥 = 2. 2,            A1
where 𝑦≥2. 112 (𝑚)  (which is greater than 2)           R1
the archway is tall enough for the crate           A1

Note: Do not award R0A1.

 
METHOD 2
the height of the archway is greater or equal to 2. 0 between
𝑥 = 0. 557385…  and  𝑥 = 2. 24261…            A1
width of this section of archway =
(2. 24261… − 0. 557385… =)  1. 68522 (𝑚) (which is greater than 1. 6)           R1
the archway is wide enough for the crate           A1
 
Note: Do not award R0A1.
 
6−0
4a. 𝑚 = 4−2
= 3              (M1)A1

 
 1
4b. (𝑚 =)  − 3
  (− 0. 333,   − 0. 333333…)              A1

 
4c. an equation of line with a correct intercept and either of their gradients from (a) or (b)   
          (M1)
1 1
e.g.  𝑦 =− 3
𝑥 + 4  OR  𝑦 − 4 =− 3
(𝑥 − 0)

Note: Award (M1) for substituting either of their gradients from parts (a) or (b) and point
𝐵 or (3,  3) into equation of a line.

𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 12 = 0 or any integer multiple              A1

 
4d. (𝑥 =) 12            A1
 
5a. 𝐿(40) = 1. 50×40 − 5                      (M1)
= $55              A1

5b. 70 = 1. 50𝑥 − 5                     (M1)

(𝑥 =) 50 litres             A1

5c. 1. 30𝑥                     (A1)

1. 30𝑥 < 1. 50𝑥 − 5                     (M1)

Note: Award M1 for a graph showing two intersecting linear functions, provided one
function has a 𝑦-intercept of 0 and the other function has a negative 𝑦-intercept.

(minimum value of 𝑘 =) 25                     A1

Note: Accept 𝑥 > 25.

6a. 3         A1
Note: Accept (3,  0) seen.

6b. METHOD 1
25 1 1
0 = 4𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 𝑐,   0 = 9𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 𝑐,    − 2
= 4
𝑎+ 2
𝑏 + 𝑐            (M1)(A1) 

(i)     2         A1

(ii)    − 2         A1
(iii)   − 12         A1

Note: Award the (M1)(A1) if at least one correct value is seen. Do not apply FT form part
(a) if workings are not shown.

METHOD 2
− 12. 5 = 𝑎(0. 5 + 2)(0. 5 − 3)            (M1)
(i)     𝑎 = 2         A1
2
        0 = 2×(3) + 3𝑏 + 𝑐
2
        0 = 2×(− 2) + (− 2)𝑏 + 𝑐            (M1)
(ii)    𝑏 =− 2         A1
(iii)   𝑐 =− 12         A1

6c. 𝑥 = 0. 5          A1

Note: Do not FT from their part (b), this is a contradiction with the diagram.

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