June AASL FINAL P1

1a. [1 mark]
2𝑥+4
The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = , where 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 3.
3−𝑥

Write down the equation of

the vertical asymptote of the graph of 𝑓.
𝑥=3 A1
No equation = no mar
[1 mark]
1b. [1 mark]
the horizontal asymptote of the graph of 𝑓.
𝑦 = −2 A1

[1 mark]
1c. [1 mark]
Find the coordinates where the graph of 𝑓 crosses
the 𝑥-axis.
(−2, 0) (accept 𝑥 = −2) A1

[1 mark]
1d. [1 mark]
the 𝑦-axis.
4 4 4
(0, 3) (accept 𝑦 = 3 and 𝑓(0) = 3) A1

[1 mark]
1e. [1 mark]
Sketch the graph of 𝑓 on the axes below.
 A1 dotted line not necessary but
behavior visible.

Note: Award A1 for completely correct shape: two branches in correct quadrants with
asymptotic behaviour.
allow follow through
[1 mark]
2. [5 marks]
Solve the equation 2 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 9 + 4. Give your answer in the form 𝑥 = 𝑝𝑒 𝑞 where 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈
𝑍+ .
METHOD 1
2 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 − 𝑙𝑛 9 = 4

uses 𝑚 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 𝑚 (M1)
𝑙𝑛 𝑥 2 − 𝑙𝑛 9 = 4
𝑎
uses 𝑙𝑛 𝑎 − 𝑙𝑛 𝑏 = 𝑙𝑛 (M1)
𝑏

𝑥2
𝑙𝑛 =4
9
𝑥2
= 𝑒4 A1
9

𝑥 2 = 9𝑒 4 ⇒ 𝑥 = √9𝑒 4 (𝑥 > 0) A1
𝑥 = 3𝑒 2 (𝑝 = 3, 𝑞 = 2) A1

METHOD 2
expresses 4 as 4 𝑙𝑛 𝑒 and uses 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 𝑚 = 𝑚 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 (M1)
2 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 2 𝑙𝑛 3 + 4 𝑙𝑛 𝑒 (𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 3 + 2 𝑙𝑛 𝑒) A1
uses 2 𝑙𝑛 𝑒 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑒 2 and 𝑙𝑛 𝑎 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑏 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑎𝑏 (M1)
𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 (3𝑒 2 ) A1
𝑥 = 3𝑒 2 (𝑝 = 3, 𝑞 = 2) A1

METHOD 3
expresses 4 as 4 𝑙𝑛 𝑒 and uses 𝑚 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 𝑚 (M1)
𝑙𝑛 𝑥 2 = 𝑙𝑛 32 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑒 4 A1
uses 𝑙𝑛 𝑎 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑏 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑎𝑏 (M1)
𝑙𝑛 𝑥 2 = 𝑙𝑛 (32 𝑒 4 )

𝑥 2 = 32 𝑒 4 ⇒ 𝑥 = √32 𝑒 4 (𝑥 > 0) A1
so 𝑥 = 3𝑒 2 (𝑥 > 0) (𝑝 = 3, 𝑞 = 2) A1

[5 marks]
3. [5 marks]
Consider an arithmetic sequence where 𝑢8 = 𝑆8 = 8. Find the value of the first term, 𝑢1,
and the value of the common difference, 𝑑.
METHOD 1 (finding 𝑢1 first, from 𝑆8 )
4(𝑢1 + 8) = 8 (A1)
𝑢1 = −6 A1
𝑢1 + 7𝑑 = 8 OR 4(2𝑢1 + 7𝑑 ) = 8 (may be seen with their value of 𝑢1) (A1)
attempt to substitute their 𝑢1 (M1)
𝑑=2 A1

METHOD 2 (solving simultaneously)

𝑢1 + 7𝑑 = 8 (A1)
4(𝑢1 + 8) = 8 OR 4(2𝑢1 + 7𝑑) = 8 OR 𝑢1 = −3𝑑 (A1)
attempt to solve linear or simultaneous equations (M1)
𝑢1 = −6, 𝑑 = 2 A1A1

[5 marks]
4. [7 marks]
The following diagram shows triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, with 𝐴𝐵 = 10, 𝐵𝐶 = 𝑥 and 𝐴𝐶 = 2𝑥.

3
Given that 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐶̂ = 4, find the area of the triangle.
𝑝√𝑞
Give your answer in the form 2
where 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ 𝑍 +.

METHOD 1
attempt to use the cosine rule to find the value of 𝑥 (M1)
3
100 = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 2 − 2(𝑥)(2𝑥) (4) A1

2𝑥 2 = 100

𝑥 2 = 50 OR 𝑥 = √50 (= 5√2) A1

attempt to find 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐶̂ (seen anywhere) (M1)

 3 2
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝐶̂ + (4) = 1 OR 𝑥 2 + 32 = 42 or right triangle with side 3 and hypotenuse 4

√7
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐶̂ = 4 (A1)

Note: The marks for finding 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐶̂ may be awarded independently of the first three marks
for finding 𝑥.

correct substitution into the area formula using their value of 𝑥 (or 𝑥 2 ) and their value of
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐶̂ (M1)
1 √7 1 √7
𝐴 = 2 × 5√2 × 10√2 × or 𝐴 = 2 × √50 × 2√50 ×
4 4

25√7
𝐴= A1
2

METHOD 2
attempt to find the height, ℎ, of the triangle in terms of 𝑥 (M1)
3 2 5 2 √7
ℎ2 + (4 𝑥) = 𝑥 2 OR ℎ2 + (4 𝑥) = 102 OR ℎ = 𝑥 A1
4

equating their expressions for either ℎ 2 or ℎ (M1)

3 2 5 2 25 √7
𝑥 2 − (4 𝑥) = 102 − (4 𝑥) OR √100 − 16 𝑥 2 = 𝑥 (or equivalent) A1
4

𝑥 2 = 50 OR 𝑥 = √50 (= 5√2) A1

correct substitution into the area formula using their value of 𝑥 (or 𝑥 2 ) (M1)
1 √7 1 √7
𝐴 = 2 × 2√50 × 4
√50 OR 𝐴 = 2 (2 × 5√2) ( 4 5√2)

25√7
𝐴= A1
2

[7 marks]

Question 5

(M1) for valid approach - including listing Pascal’s triangle up to its sixth row
(M1) for attempting to find r
A1 for correct r value: r = 2
(A1) for correct simplification
A1 for correct answer: 40

6a. [2 marks]
1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 17.
3

Find 𝑓 ′ (𝑥).
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15 (M1)A1 two terms differentiated correctly for M1

[2 marks]
6b. [3 marks]
The graph of 𝑓 has horizontal tangents at the points where 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑥 = 𝑏, 𝑎 < 𝑏.
Find the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑏.
correct reasoning that 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 (seen anywhere) (M1)
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15 = 0

valid approach to solve quadratic M1

(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 5), quadratic formula
correct values for 𝑥
3, −5
correct values for 𝑎 and 𝑏
𝑎 = −5 and 𝑏 = 3 A1
[3 marks]
6c. (i) [1 mark]
Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ).
 A1 Shape and x-intercepts
[1 mark]
6c. (ii) [1 mark]
Hence explain why the graph of 𝑓 has a local maximum point at 𝑥 = 𝑎.
first derivative changes from positive to negative at 𝑥 = 𝑎 A1
so local maximum at 𝑥 = 𝑎 AG Must refer to graph due to “hence”. “It changes sign” is
not explicit enough.
[1 mark]
6c. (iii) [3 marks]
Find 𝑓 ″ (𝑏).
𝑓 ″ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 2 A1
substituting their 𝑏 into their second derivative (M1)
𝑓 ″ (3) = 2 × 3 + 2

𝑓 ″ (𝑏) = 8 (A1)
[3 marks]
6c. (iv) [1 mark]
Hence, use your answer to part (d)(i) to show that the graph of 𝑓 has a local minimum
point at 𝑥 = 𝑏.
𝑓 ″ (𝑏) is positive so graph is concave up R1
so local minimum at 𝑥 = 𝑏 AG Don’t need to use “concavity” so long as refers to
“second derivative”
[1 mark]
6d. [5 marks]
The normal to the graph of 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 𝑎 and the tangent to the graph of 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 𝑏 intersect at
the point (𝑝, 𝑞) .

Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞.

normal to 𝑓 at 𝑥 = 𝑎 is 𝑥 = −5 (seen anywhere) (A1)
attempt to find 𝑦-coordinate at their value of 𝑏 (M1)
𝑓(3) = −10 (A1)
tangent at 𝑥 = 𝑏 has equation 𝑦 = −10 (seen anywhere) A1
intersection at (−5, −10)
𝑝 = −5 and 𝑞 = −10 A1
[5 marks]
7a. [6 marks]
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 2 − 2𝑚𝑥, where 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 and 𝑚 ∈ 𝑅. The line 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 − 9 meets the graph
of 𝑓 at exactly one point.
Show that 𝑚 = 4.
METHOD 1 (discriminant)
𝑚𝑥 2 − 2𝑚𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 − 9 (M1)
𝑚𝑥 2 − 3𝑚𝑥 + 9 = 0

recognizing 𝛥 = 0 (seen anywhere) M1

𝛥 = (−3𝑚)2 − 4(𝑚)(9) (do not accept only in quadratic formula for 𝑥) A1
valid approach to solve quadratic for 𝑚 (M1)
36±√362 −4×9×0
9𝑚(𝑚 − 4) = 0 OR 𝑚 = 2×9
both solutions 𝑚 = 0, 4 A1
𝑚 ≠ 0 with a valid reason R1
the two graphs would not intersect OR 0 ≠ −9
𝑚=4 AG

METHOD 2 (equating slopes)

𝑚𝑥 2 − 2𝑚𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 − 9 (seen anywhere) (M1)
𝑓′(𝑥) = 2𝑚𝑥 − 2𝑚 A1
equating slopes, 𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝑚 (seen anywhere) M1
2𝑚𝑥 − 2𝑚 = 𝑚
3
𝑥=2 A1

substituting their 𝑥 value (M1)

3 2 3 3
( ) 𝑚 − 2𝑚 × = 𝑚 × − 9
2 2 2
9 12 6
𝑚− 𝑚 = 4𝑚 − 9 A1
4 4

−9𝑚
= −9
4
𝑚=4 AG

−𝑏
METHOD 3 (using 2𝑎 )

𝑚𝑥 2 − 2𝑚𝑥 = 𝑚𝑥 − 9 (M1)
𝑚𝑥 2 − 3𝑚𝑥 + 9 = 0
−𝑏
attempt to find 𝑥-coord of vertex using 2𝑎 (M1)
−(−3𝑚)
A1
2𝑚
3
𝑥=2 A1

substituting their 𝑥 value (M1)

 3 2 3
( ) 𝑚 − 3𝑚 × + 9 = 0
2 2
9 9
𝑚 − 2𝑚+ 9 = 0 A1
4

−9𝑚 = −36

𝑚=4 AG

[6 marks]
7b. [2 marks]
The function 𝑓 can be expressed in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 4(𝑥 − 𝑝)(𝑥 − 𝑞), where 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ 𝑅.
Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞.
4𝑥(𝑥 − 2) (A1)
𝑝 = 0 and 𝑞 = 2 OR 𝑝 = 2 and 𝑞 = 0 A1

[2 marks]
7c. [3 marks]
The function 𝑓 can also be expressed in the form 𝑓(𝑥) = 4(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘, where ℎ, 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅.
Find the value of ℎ and the value of 𝑘.
attempt to use valid approach (M1)
0+2 −(−8)
, , 𝑓(1), 8𝑥 − 8 = 0 OR 4(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 − 1)(= 4(𝑥 − 1)2 − 4)
2 2×4

ℎ = 1, 𝑘 = −4 A1A1

[3 marks]
7d. [3 marks]
Hence find the values of 𝑥 where the graph of 𝑓 is both negative and increasing.
EITHER
recognition 𝑥 = ℎ to 2 (may be seen on sketch) (M1)

OR
recognition that 𝑓(𝑥) < 0 and 𝑓′(𝑥) > 0 (M1)

THEN
1<𝑥<2 A1A1

Note: Award A1 for two correct values, A1 for correct inequality signs.

[3 marks]

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