Sociology of Education in Canada

Canadian 1st Edition Robson Test Bank

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Chapter 3 Test Bank

Question 1
The common hierarchical board of education in each school district is an example of
a. bureaucracy. b.
credentialism. c.
social closure. d.
social bonding.
Correct answer: a
Page: 57
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Applied

Question 2
When it became clear that requests for public school funding outweighed financial resources, the
Canadian government
a. slowed the growth of schools.
b. passed measures to increase funding.
c. ended support of parochial schools.
d. ended support of francophone schools.
Correct answer: a
Page: 57
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 3
The eventual creation of public schools that were not oriented toward any particular religions is
an example of
a. rationalization.
b. denominationalism.
c. interpretivism
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 d. ultramontanism
Correct answer: a
Page 57
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 4
Voluntary schools used as a means of social exclusion.
a. high tuition fees
b. land ownership
c. bilingualism
d. parental involvement

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Correct answer: a
Page: 57
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 5
To achieve “respectability” in Canadian society, a student would need to attend a school.
a. bilingual
b. voluntary
c. residential
d. common
Correct answer: b
Page: 57
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 6
The stigma surrounding a modern school with a high percentage of students eligible for 'free
lunches' resembles the historical stigma surrounding which type of “charity” school?
a. bilingual
b. voluntary
c. residential
d. common
Correct answer: d
Page: 57
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 7
Bourdieu would call the “proper” behaviours associated with the upbringing of the Canadian
upper class as
a. social closure.
b. rationalization.
c. habitus.
d. agency.
Correct answer: c
Page: 57
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Question 8
Who is widely regarded as the most influential person behind creating the public school system
in Canada?
a. Egerton Ryerson
b. Lord Durham
c. Wilfred Laurier
d. Jean-Baptiste Meilleur
Correct answer: a
Page: 58
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 9
Which legislative measure first organized mass public education in Upper Canada?
a. Bill 60
b. Common School Act
c. District School Act
d. Grammar School Act
Correct answer: b
Page: 58
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 10
Ryerson's refusal to financially support schools that used alternative textbooks mirrors the goal
of “moral regulation” by
a. Émile Durkheim.
b. Max Weber.
c. Talcott Parsons.
d. Karl Marx.
Correct answer: a
Page: 58
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 11
The Common School Act's “protection of children” clause allowed students to exclude
themselves from personally objectionable religious lessons.
a. Aboriginal children
b. Black children
c. Catholic and Protestant minorities
d. all religious minorities

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Correct answer: c
Page: 58
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 12
The historical perception of francophone Canadians as “peasants” with inferior ambitions and
social arrangements demonstrates Foucault's concept of
a. rationalization.
b. racialization.
c. cultural hegemony.
d. discourse.
Correct answer: d
Page: 59
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 13
Lord Durham's justification of French assimilation to the “superior” British culture is an
example of
a. habitus.
b. cultural hegemony.
c. cultural capital.
d. positivism.
Correct answer: b
Page: 59
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Applied

Question 14
Utilizing schools as “instruments of nation building” and a means of adopting a British culture
closely relates to 's theory of society.
a. Bourdieu
b. Weber
c. Bronfenbrenner
d. Durkheim
Correct answer: d
Page: 60
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Question 15
Ryerson's taxation laws guaranteeing free admission to all children transitioned the funding
of public schools from
a. parents to property owners.
b. property owners to parents.
c. cities to provinces.
d. provinces to cities.
Correct answer: a
Page: 61
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 16
Social closure was achieved by restricting secondary level public education to Canadians who
a. lived in urban areas.
b. could afford tuition fees.
c. lived in Upper Canada.
d. lived in Lower Canada.
Correct answer: b
Page: 61
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 16
The higher prestige earned by graduates of elite grammar schools compared to those of public
schools is an example of
a. Boudon's secondary effects.
b. Collins' credential inflation.
c. Weber's status.
d. Althusser's correspondence principle.
Correct answer: a
Page: 61
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Conceptual

Question 17
The transition of Canadian education from a “classical” curriculum to one focused on scientific
knowledge demonstrates the process of
a. social mobility.
b. ultramontanism.
c. rationalization.
d. normalization.

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Correct answer: c
Page: 63
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 18
High schools that focused on “classical” curriculum defined themselves as
a. high schools.
b. trade schools.
c. collegiate institutes.
d. private schools.
Correct answer: c
Page: 63
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 19
Both French and Aboriginal Canadians experienced restrictions on
a. cultural traditions.
b. religious practices.
c. native languages.
d. all of the above.
Correct answer: d
Page: 64
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Applied

Question 20
Section 93 of the British North America Act protects the rights of which religions minorities in
education?
a. Catholic and Protestant
b. Methodist and Pentecostal
c. Hindu and Islam
d. all religions
Correct answer: a
Page: 64
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 21
Ultramontanism is the belief in the absolute authority of the
a. Church of England.
b. Catholic Church.

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c. Canadian government.
d. British government.
Correct answer: b
Page: 64
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 22
The period of rapid social change in Quebec is known as the
a. rationalization of Lower Canada.
b. Quiet Revolution.
c. guerre des éteignoirs.
d. l'ecole normales.
Correct answer: b
Page: 64
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 23
By the 1960s, what percentage of Canadian 15-19 year olds were enrolled in school?
a. 50%
b. 60%
c. 70%
d. 90%
Correct answer: a
Page: 65
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 24
The major differences between educational outcomes between English and French students in
Lower Canada can be attributed to differences in
a. culture.
b. socioeconomic status.
c. occupation.
d. language.
Correct answer: b
Page: 65
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Question 25
Similar to protections in “Shannen's Dream” for the Attawapiskat and Aboriginal communities,
Bill 101 protected the role of in Quebec schools.
a. religion
b. language
c. sovereignty
d. teachers
Correct answer: b
Page: 65
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Applied

Question 26
The move to abolish the status of French as an official language in some provinces can be seen
as responding to
a. special interest groups.
b. social demographics.
c. religious divisions.
d. racialization.
Correct answer: b
Page: 67
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 27
The most famous legislative act in Canadian education history concerned religion and language
in which province?
a. New Brunswick
b. Manitoba
c. British Columbia
d. Saskatchewan
Correct answer: b
Page: 67
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 28
The funding of education in British Columbia differed from earlier provinces by relying on
a. sales tax.
b. property tax.
c. provincial revenue.
d. federal revenue.

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Correct answer: c
Page: 67
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 29
Which province did not begin with parochial schools?
a. Alberta
b. British Columbia
c. Quebec
d. Saskatchewan
Correct answer: b
Page: 68
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 30
What prompted the transition from parochial schools to non-sectarian schools in Alberta and
Saskatchewan?
a. religious tensions
b. federal policy
c. aging populations
d. changing demographics
Correct answer: d
Page: 68
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 31
Like , Haultain viewed the purpose of public education as the promotion of nationalism.
a. Weber
b. Durkheim
c. Mead
d. Bourdieu
Correct answer: b
Page: 68
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Conceptual

Question 32
Early New Brunswick and Nova Scotia schools were allowed to provide publicly funded
religious schooling under what condition?
a. lessons were Catholic
b. lessons were in English
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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

c. lessons were in French

d. lessons were held after hours
Correct answer: d
Page: 69
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 33
The established the first non-denominational schools in Newfoundland.
a. Church of England
b. Canadian government
c. Jesuits
d. Loyalists
Correct answer: a
Page: 69
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 34
Ronald Manzer's four types of educational regimes emerged in which century?
a. 17th
b. 18th
c. 19th
d. 20th
Correct answer: c
Page: 70
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 35
Which of Manzer's four educational regimes was the most liberal?
a. non-sectarian public school system
b. non-sectarian public school system with minority denominational districts
c. de jure non-sectarian/ de facto reserved schools
d. concurrent endowment of confessional systems
Correct answer: a
Page: 70
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Conceptual

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Question 36
The most divisive battle in the formation of Canadian education system was the one between
a. language and race.
b. provincial and federal rights.
c. aboriginal rights.
d. church and state.
Correct answer: d
Page: 70
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 37
In a non-sectarian public school system, the role of clergy is to
a. run schools.
b. perform teacher evaluations.
c. provide moral guidance to students.
d. none of the above.
Correct answer: d
Page: 70
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 38
In Manzer's concurrent endowment of confessional system, control over education lay with
a. communities.
b. provinces.
c. religious authorities.
d. parents.
Correct answer: c
Page: 70
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 39
Manzer would classify Ontario's education system as a
a. non-sectarian public school system.
b. non-sectarian public school system with minority denominational districts.
c. de jure non-sectarian, de facto reserved school system.
d. a concurrent endowment of confessional system.
Correct answer: b
Page: 70
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual
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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Question 40
In relation to Canadian education system, what does non-sectarian mean?
a. free of bureaucracy
b. independent of the province
c. privately operated
d. free of religious instruction
Correct answer: d
Page: 70
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 41
At the turn of the 20th century, what percentage of Canadian children were in enrolled in school?
a. 50%
b. 60%
c. 70%
d. 80%
Correct answer: a
Page: 71
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 42
Aboriginal children removed from their families were sent to schools.
a. non-sectarian
b. residential
c. common
d. voluntary
Correct answer: b
Page: 72
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 43
The residential school system was originally conceptualized by
a. Wilfred Laurier.
b. Egerton Ryerson.
c. Lord Durham.
d. Jean-Baptiste Meilleur.
Correct answer: b
Page: 71
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall
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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Question 44
Educational pressure on Aboriginal Canadians to move toward a Western “farming lifestyle”
exemplifies
a. racialization.
b. rationalization.
c. modernization.
d. cultural hegemony.
Correct answer: d
Page: 72
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 45
Removing Aboriginal children from their families in order to acquire the traits of “civilized”
people halted the process of
a. social closure.
b. social reproduction.
c. exosystems.
d. chronosystems.
Correct answer: b
Page: 72
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 46
The assimilation of Aboriginal Canadians into the culture of “Christian” values demonstrates the
process of
a. cultural hegemony.
b. critical race theory.
c. discourse.
d. secondary effects.
Correct answer: a
Page: 72
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 47
Educating male and female Aboriginal children in separate shows the introduction of
westernized gender roles in residential schools.
a. schools
b. age groups
c. languages
d. subjects

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Correct answer: d
Page: 72
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 48
What was the death rate of Aboriginal children in residential schools?
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 40%
d. 50%
Correct answer: d
Page: 72
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 49
Aboriginal children were often put in schools with children
a. wealthy
b. assimilated
c. institutionalized
d. immigrant
Correct answer: c
Page: 73
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 50
The Canadian government's understanding of Aboriginal culture as “not worth knowing” and
“worthy of shame” displays critical race theory's concept of
a. discourse.
b. standpoint.
c. whiteness.
d. primary effects.
Correct answer: c
Page: 73
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 51
The effects of cultural reproduction theory can be seen in the passed down through
generations Aboriginal Canadians.
a. whiteness
b. psychological trauma
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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

c. ultramontanism
d. language
Correct answer: b
Page: 73
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 52
Symptoms of residential school syndrome included
a. flashbacks.
b. relationship problems.
c. drugs and alcohol abuse.
d. all of the above.
Correct answer: d
Page: 73
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 53
The first 'boarding school' for Aboriginal children opened in the century.
a. 16th
b. 17th
c. 18th
d. 19th
Correct answer: b
Page: 74
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 54
Approximately how long did it take to establish a boarding school for Aboriginal girls after a
male school was founded?
a. 10 years
b. 30 years
c. 50 years
d. 70 years
Correct answer: b
Page: 74
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Factual/Recall

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Question 55
The transfer of Indian affairs to a civilian level after Aboriginal people were no longer needed as
a military ally depicts a loss of capital.
a. economic
b. social
c. cultural
d. bonding
Correct answer: b
Page: 74
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Applied

Question 56
Which legislative measure declared Aboriginal people as wards of the Canadian government?
a. Common School Act
b. British North America Act
c. Ryerson Act
d. Indian Act
Correct answer: d
Page: 74
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 57
In which decade was the last residential school closed?
a. 1970s
b. 1980s
c. 1990s
d. 2000s
Correct answer: c
Page: 74
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 58
Which legislative measure officially apologized to victims of the residential school system?
a. Statement of Reconciliation
b. Indian Act
c. Common Schools Act
d. Ryerson Act

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Correct answer: a
Page: 75
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 59
The payment awarded $10,000 to each survivor of residential schools.
a. Assimilation
b. Reconciliation
c. Common Experience
d. Truth Commission
Correct answer: c
Page: 76
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 60
Aboriginal students that experienced were awarded additional funds from the Government
of Canada.
a. language loss
b. sexual abuse
c. gender discrimination
d. age discrimination
Correct answer: b
Page: 77
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 61
The function of a Truth Commission is to
a. create legislation.
b. conceal government secrets.
c. correct historical accounts.
d. none of the above.
Correct answer: b
Page: 77
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 62
Emotional distance, cultural alienation and an increased risk of poverty are all considered
effects of the residential school system.
a. social
b. habitual
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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

c. corresponding
d. inter-generational
Correct answer: d
Page: 77
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 63
In what year was a formal apology made for residential schools by the Canadian government?
a. 1978
b. 1988
c. 1998
d. 2008
Correct answer: c
Page: 77
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 64
In the 19th century, most Canadians entered Canada through the Underground Railroad.
a. Aboriginal
b. Chinese
c. French
d. Black
Correct answer: d
Page: 77
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 65
The use of segregation “for” Black Canadians and not “by” Black Canadians depicts the power of
a. primary effects over secondary effects.
b. secondary effects over primary effects.
c. agency over structure.
d. structure over agency.
Correct answer: d
Page: 78
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Question 66
Unofficial neighbourhood segregation can result from similarities.
a. racial
b. cultural
c. linguistic
d. all of the above
Correct answer: d
Page: 79
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 67
Like schools, Black Canadian schools were often poor, with inadequate teachers and
equipment.
a. common
b. public
c. voluntary
d. Aboriginal
Correct answer: d
Page: 79
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 68
Forcing Black Canadians to attend schools that were inferior to mainstream pubic schools is an
example of
a. whiteness.
b. racialization.
c. feminization.
d. ultramontanism.
Correct answer: b
Page: 79
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 69
The segregation of Black and Aboriginal Canadians would have been viewed as a issue by
structural functionalists.
a. class
b. race
c. gender
d. field

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Correct answer: a
Page: 21
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Conceptual

Question 70
Racializing Chinese Canadians to present them as “outsiders to the moral community of Canada”
is the use of
a. social class.
b. segregation.
c. social closure.
d. whiteness.
Correct answer: c
Page: 79
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 71
Chinese Canadians viewed the segregated school system as a threat to the of future
generations.
a. social mobility
b. health
c. racialization
d. culture
Correct answer: a
Page: 80
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 72
What event caused Canada to regard Japanese Canadians as a threat to national security?
a. War of 1812
b. World War I
c. World War II
d. the Cold War
Correct answer: c
Page: 81
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Factual/Recall

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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

Question 73
Bronfenbrenner would view the internment of Japanese Canadians in the context of which
ecological system?
a. microysystem
b. macrosystem
c. exosystem
d. chronosystem
Correct answer: d
Page: 43
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 74
Unlike Aboriginal residential schools, Japanese internment schools
a. were local.
b. were voluntary.
c. kept the family unit intact.
d. none of the above.
Correct answer: c
Page: 81
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 75
The purpose of Japanese internment schools had less to do with educating and more to do with
a. improving morale.
b. reducing juvenile delinquency.
c. cultural assimilation.
d. all of the above.
Correct answer: d
Page: 81
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Conceptual

Question 76
The shift of child rearing responsibilities from the family to the Canadian education system
mirrors 's theory on the evolution of society.
a. Bronfenbrenner
b. Durkheim
c. Marx
d. Parsons

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Correct answer: b
Page: 82
Difficulty: 3
Skill: Conceptual

Question 77
The historical increase of in education around the world is known as the feminization of
the teaching corps.
a. nurturing subject matter.
b. women.
c. principals.
d. school boards.
Correct answer: b
Page: 83
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 78
Which of the following is considered a reason for the feminization of the teaching corps?
a. ruralization
b. women's suffrage
c. a lack of other professional opportunities
d. government intervention
Correct answer: c
Page: 83
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 79
Women earning less than half a male counterpart's salary is a result of
a. standpoint theory.
b. gender roles.
c. social closure.
d. credentialism.
Correct answer: b
Page: 83
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Conceptual

Question 80
The fight by women be paid the same as their male counterparts corresponds with the
wave of feminism.
a. first
b. second
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 Chapter 3: Test Bank

c. third
d. none of the above
Correct answer: b
Page: 83
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Applied

Question 81
Female teachers were often placed with elementary grades due to the perception that women
a. would be more nurturing.
b. were fragile.
c. were not qualified for advanced subjects.
d. were too opinionated.
Correct answer: a
Page: 83
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 82
What ended a female teaching career in the 19th century?
a. old age
b. changing faiths
c. marriage
d. motherhood
Correct answer: c
page: 83
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

Question 83
The first teacher training institutions were called schools.
a. common
b. occupational
c. institutional
d. normal
Correct answer: d
Page: 84
Difficulty: 2
Skill: Factual/Recall

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Test Item File to accompany Robson, Sociology of Education in Canada, First Edition

Question 84
The addition of a required university degree for teacher training is an example of
a. normalization.
b. credentialism.
c. credential inflation.
d. social status.
Correct answer: c
Page: 84
Difficulty: 1
Skill: Conceptual

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