Class XI (Physical Education)

Chapter-2 Olympic Value Education (Page-26)

Exercises

A. Very short answer type questions

1. When did the Olympic Games start?
Ans. 776 BCE

2. Write a short note on modern Olympics.

Ans. The first modern Olympic Games were started in 1896 CE and the
credit to start the modern Olympic Games goes to Baron Pierre de
Coubertin of France.

3. Write any three rules of ancient Olympics?

Ans.
• Slaves and convicts were not allowed to participate.
• Only Greek males could take part in the Games. However,
athletes from the Roman Empire were later allowed to join.
• Women were not allowed to enter the stadiums once they were
married.

4. Name any two ancient Olympic champions.

Ans. Leonidas of Rhodes won three different foot races in four
consecutive Olympics. Milo of Croton was a wrestler who enjoyed a
brilliant wrestling career in 6th century BCE.

5. Briefly describe the Olympic symbol.

Ans. The symbol of Olympic Games is composed of five interlocking rings
coloured blue, yellow, black, green and red on a white background.

6. What is the motto of modern Olympic Games?

Ans. The Olympic motto of three Latin words-Citius, Altius, Fortius
 for Faster, Higher, Stronger is inscribed under the emblem.

7. Who was Pierre de Coubertin?

Ans. Baron Pierre was born on January 1, 1863 in France. He was
interested in the field of education and sociology. He was a firm believer
of training and believed that the human mind cannot progress if the
human body is not trained. Thus, he propagated school sports and
encouraged them.
8. In which years were the modern Olympic games cancelled and why?
Ans. The Olympic Games were cancelled in 1916 due to the First World
War and in 1940 and 1944 due to the Second World War.

9. Where is the headquarters of the international Olympic committee (IOC)

situated?
Ans. The headquarters of IOC are located in Lausanne, Switzerland.

10. Write a short note on the Dronacharya Award.

Ans. Dronacharya award was instituted in India in 1985. Since then,
award is given to expert coaches in India.

11. What is the eligibility for the Arjuna Award?

Ans. To be eligible for this award a sportsperson should have done well
consistently for the previous three years at the ínternational level with
excellence for the year for which the award is recommended. A
sportsperson should have the qualities of leadership sportsmanship and
a sense of discipline.

12. Explain briefly the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award.

Ans. The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna highest honour given in recognition
of achievement in sports. The Award India's words 'Khel Ratna' is a Hindi
word that literally 'sports gems'. The objective of the award is to
recognise the spectacular and outstanding means performance in the
field of sports by a sportsperson over a period of four years.
B. Short answer type questions.
1. Write a short note on Olympic oath.
Ans. In the modern Olympic Games also, the participants have to take
an oath. A representative of the host country stands at the foot of
tribute of honour holding the flag and the participants take his/her lead
and repeat the following words:
"In the name of all the competitors, I promise that we shall take part in
these Olympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern
them, committing ourselves to a sport without doping and without
drugs, in the true spirit of sportsmanship for the glory of sports and the
honour of our teams.”

2. What do you understand by fair play in Olympic sports?

Ans. Since the ancient Olympics, fair play is a must and the organising
committee took any sort of cheating seriously. Any athlete who is
involved in dishonest, criminal or any other type of illegal activity is
barred from taking part in Olympics. No player can win using unfair
means, if found guilty, they have to pay a hefty monetary fine.
Therefore, to participate and win at the Games is a matter of honour for
both the players and their countries. All this is done with the intention
of maintaining and promoting the idea of fair play.

3. Write about the structure of IOC.

Ans. The structure of IOC is:
• President: The President of the 1OC is elected by its members.
He/She is elected for a term of eight years. After the expiry of
his/her term, he/she can be re-elected. The current IOC president
is Thomas Bach.
• Vice Presidents: There are four Vice Presidents in the IOC. These
officials are also elected by the members of the Committee. They
re-elected for a term of four years. They can be re-appointed if
members of the Committee agree to it.
 • Executive Board: The IOC Executive Board consists of the
President, four Vice-Presidents and ten other members. All the
members of IOC Executive Board are elected through a secret
ballot with a simple majority declaring the chosen members. The
lOC Executive Board assumes the overall responsibility for the
administration of the 10C and the management of its affairs.

4. What are the main functions of IOC?

Ans. The main functions of 1OCas per the Olympic Charter
are as follows:
• To encourage and support the promotion of ethics in sports and
education of youth through sports and to dedicate its efforts to
make sure that, in sports, the spirit of fair play prevails and
violence is banned.
• To encourage and support the organisation, development and
coordination of sports and sporting competitions.
• To ensure regular celebration of the Olympic Games.
• To cooperate with competent public or private organisation and
authorities in the endeavour to place sport at the service of
humanity and thereby, to promote peace.
• To take action in order to strengthen the unity and to protect the
independence of the Olympic Movement.
• To encourage and support the promotion of women in sports at
all levels and in all structures with a view to execute the principle
of equality between men and women.
• To act against any form of discrimination affecting the Olympic
Movement.
• To lead the fight against doping in sports.

5. What is IOA? Write any two objectives of IOA.

Ans. The Indian Olympic Association (IOA) is also known as Bharatiya
Olympic Sangh. Indian Olympic Association is the body responsible for
 selecting the athletes to represent India at the Olympic Games, Asian
Games and Commonwealth Games.

The objectives of IOA are:

• At the national level to take part in even to promote peace and to
promote women in sports.
• To develop, the promote and protect Olympic Movement in India,
as per the Olympic Charter.

6. What is the eligibility to apply for the Dronacharya Award?

Ans. The eligibility for individual events, team events and Sports and
indigenous sports are described hereunder:

Individual Events- The coach whose players has/have achieved the

following titles is eligible for the Dronacharya award:
• If the player has broken a world record recognized by the
international sports federation.
• The player has won a gold at the Asian games or commonwealth
games.
• If the player has won a gold medal three times in an Asian
championship or in a commonwealth championship.
• The player has won gold, silver or bronze medal at the Olympic
Games or at the World Cup tournament.

Team events- A coach is eligible if he/she has taken the responsibility for
training of the following teams:
• The team which has won two gold medal i.e., one in Asian Games
and second in Asian Championship in the year of the award or
before that year.
• The team which has won two gold medals i.e., one in the Asian
Games and one in Commonwealth Games in the year of the
award or before that year.
 • The team which has won gold, silver or bronze medal at the World
Cup, World Championship, Olympics or Non-Olympic Sports and
performance level is better than previous years.

Indigenous Sports- A coach who has been training a team or a

sportsperson of an indigenous sport and the team or the sportsperson
has raised the standard of the game during the last three years.

7. Write a short note on Olympic truce.

Ans. In the 9th century BCE, the Olympic Truce or Ekecheiria was a
tradition of the ancient Greek Olympics. It was announced by the
citizens of Elis. The truce guaranteed safety to the players, their families,
trainers and pilgrims from all participating nations, even through
politically hostile territories. Three runners known as spondophoroi
would spread the message to other states. During the Truce, armies
could not invade participating cities, legal matters were halted and
death sentences were suspended. An inscription describing the Truce
was written on a bronze discus and displayed at Olympia.

8. What do you mean by Olympic values?

Ans. The Olympic Movement helped to develop social values amongst
people participating in the games. Baron Pierre de Coubertin had
revived the Olympic Movement keeping in mind the need to make
people aware of the following values:
• Peace
• Friendship and Solidarity
• Equality
• Fair play

9. Briefly explain the Dronacharya Award.

Ans. Dronacharya award was instituted in India in 1985. Since then,
award is given to expert coaches in India. It is named after Guru
Dronacharya, from the Mahabharata, who taught the art of military
 warfare to the Pandavas and Kauravas. It honours coaches who have
done excellent and meritorious work in their fields and enabled
sportspersons to excel in the national as international competitions.

10. Write a note on the Olympic symbols.

Ans. The symbol of Olympic Games is composed of five interlocking rings
coloured blue, yellow, black, green and red on a white background. It
was designed by Pierre de Coubertin himself in 1914. It represents
sports friendship and cooperation between the people of all five
continents.