APPENDIX STUDY

• Antibiotics used more in Appendix inflammation.

• State before Burst Appendix becomes    IiSchemic and Necrotic as bacteria
leaks out of the dying walls, pus forms in and around the appendix. [Absessed
Appendix] Burst Appendix
• The appendix bursting which is about the size and shape of a pinky finger,
gets very inflamed until, in one area, its muscular wall gets so thin that it breaks
open, releasing the bacteria-laden fluid inside. But the fluid doesn't explode out
like a splatting water balloon; it seeps and oozes out as if the balloon had sprung
a leak
• causes Peritonitis which may lead to sepsis and then death
• Antibiotic Resistance is a concern patients who have infections which can
trigger Sepsis and septic Shock.
• Species who had an appendix tend to have higher concentrations of lymphoid
tissue in their cecum, a pouch that connects the small and large intestine.
• This type of tissue can play a role in immunity, and can also stimulate growth of
healthy gut bacteria. So it makes sense, Smith says, that the appendix actually
serves as a “safe house” for these beneficial bugs.
• Because this organ is full of immune tissue, she says, one of the leading causes
of appendicitis has to do with poorly developed immunity
• Exposure to pathogens and infectious agents, like bacteria and viruses, is
important for the normal development processes of the immune system,” Smith
says. Without this exposure, development can be suppressed and the immune
system can become hypersensitive—a hypothesis often used to explain illnesses
like asthma and allergies.
• One scientific paper published in early 2016 found that removing an appendix-
like structure in mice made them more susceptible to infection and
inflammation • Body contains the infection from burst appendix
Here's the good news for patients like Martha: The appendix is surrounded by
other structures, mostly the intestine, and so, as she was told, the seepage can
get "walled off." One theory, Dr. Smink said, is that a somewhat mobile layer of
visceral fat called the omentum — nicknamed "the policeman of the abdomen"
— could be drawn toward areas of inflammation to contain infection. So a
patient can end up with a pus-filled abscess outside the appendix, covered
partially by the omentum
https://www.wbur.org/commonhealth/2012/07/13/burst-appendix-
appendectomy

Also    another story    body can handle a burst appendix from website

https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2012/07/13/a-story-of-a-burst-appendix-and-its-
owner-who-lived/

I finally made it to the Brigham & Women’s emergency room, where I was told
I would likely have the appendix taken out that night. But  upon further
examination, the surgeon and his resident told me that I could wait eight weeks
for surgery, and meanwhile they would treat  the infection with serious
antibiotics.

Eight weeks!? “What,” I said, “would happen if the appendix burst?”

“It has already burst,” they said.

What? I thought people died when their appendix burst.

No, I was told. Not always.

The body, they explained, has a way of “walling off” the perforated appendix so
that the infection doesn’t spread.

Here’s the good news for patients like Martha: The appendix is surrounded by
other structures, mostly the intestine, and so, as she was  told, the seepage can
get “walled off.” One theory, [Douglas Smink, MD, MPH, program director of
the general surgery residency program at Brigham & Women’s Hospital ] said,
is that a somewhat mobile layer of visceral fat called the omentum —
nicknamed “the policeman of the abdomen” — could be drawn toward areas of
inflammation to contain infection. So a patient can end up with  a pus-filled
abscess outside the appendix, covered partially by the omentum.

Still, why not just operate and get rid of the problem? It’s not so simple. An area
rife with inflammation is hard for surgeons to work  with, Dr. Smink said, and
an appendectomy could end up turning into removal of part of the intestine and
colon as well.

So the idea is to give the patient antibiotics to fight the infection, wait as the
inflammation subsides and then do an “interval  appendectomy,” after the
waiting interval.

It should be noted that some research has shown that for some cases of

uncomplicated appendicitis, with the appendix still intact, antibiotic treatment
may be an effective alternative to surgery.

However this encounter of a person who survived a burst appendix is

countered by instance of a person dying from burst appendix from sepsis.

A ruptured appendix can actually lead to death in some cases. If it's left

untreated, peritonitis can quickly spread, resulting in septicemia, or bacteria in
the blood. Your body releases chemicals into the bloodstream to fight this
infection, triggering an inflammatory response throughout the body called
sepsis

On Causation antibiotics and sepsis & Hypothesis Children deaths of burst

Appendix was aggravated by Antibiotics treatments before during and
after.

Patients exposed to antibiotics associated with increased risk for Clostridium

difficile infection have a significantly higher risk for severe sepsis compared
with those not exposed to any antibiotics, according to researchers.

We found a significant association between antibiotic exposure in the hospital

and severe sepsis and septic shock either as the cause of or occurring during a
subsequent hospitalization within 90 days of discharge,” James Baggs, PhD, of
the CDC Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, and colleagues wrote.
 Antibiotics with high C. difficile risk may increase severe sepsis risk

Control exposures included use of antibiotics that cause minimal

gastrointestinal flora disruption, specifically aminoglycocides, penicillin or
intravenous vancomycin.Baggs J, et al. Clin Infect Dis.
2017;doi:10.1093/cid/cix947.
November 20, 2017

https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/nosocomial-infections/news/
online/%7Bf0b2c599-6cf2-49c1-8e26-00bbf8fb9c15%7D/antibiotics-with-high-
c-difficile-risk-may-increase-severe-sepsis-risk

The Intensive Care Society recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of

sepsis to avoid what it says are thousands of preventable deaths.
There are 37,000 deaths a year in the UK because of sepsis, compared with just
more than 35,000 from lung cancer and 16,000 from bowel cancer.
The society, along with the UK Sepsis Trust, argues that there is inadequate
recording of sepsis cases by hospitals and insufficient knowledge of the steps
required to recognise and treat it early.
Note from memory articles showing that without an appendix, one has better
fertility and less chance of Parkinson.

▪ An autopsy report would later confirm Luca died of peritonitis complicated by

ruptured gangrenous appendicitis.
A child dies from Gastro..Questions remain —was he treated with antibiotics
and then the condition deteriorated?
• Numerous articles of people dying from wrong diagnosis of Gastro when it was
Appendicitis.
• Research lymphatic system stomach and liver.
•

• Medical negligence lawyer at Maurice Blackburn Libby Brookes 

https://www.smh.com.au/healthcare/no-one-should-be-dying-of-appendicitis-
13yearold-luca-raso-died-after-gp-diagnosed-him-with-gastroenteritis-
20170905-gybdyq.html

Two-thirds of appendix operations may be unnecessary and could be treated

simply by using antibiotics, according to a new study. Medical "dogma" and
130 years of tradition mean doctors often wrongly consider surgery to be the
only course of action, academics write in the British Medical Journal.Apr 6,
2012

Medical "dogma" and 130 years of tradition mean doctors often wrongly
consider surgery to be the only course of action, academics write in the British
Medical Journal.
They say there is now good evidence that treating "uncomplicated" cases of
appendicitis with antibiotics tends to be better for the patient than surgery.
Uncomplicated appendicitis, where an inflammed appendix has not led to other
problems such as perforation of the organ or a serious infection, account for 80
per cent of cases. The other 20 per cent are complicated cases, where surgery
really is the only option.

They said routine early appendectomy was based on the "dogma" that
"appendicitis is a progressive disease, from an uncomplicated stage to one with
complications of gangrene, perforation, or peritonitis, and that any delay in
treatment increases the risk of complications."

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/9188433/Two-thirds-of-
appendix-removals-unnecessary.html

Researchers find child appendicitis surgery 'not needed' in 75% of cases

Researchers at Southampton's university hospitals have found surgery to treat a

type of acute appendicitis in children could be unnecessary in more than three-
quarters of cases.

In a landmark study, a team led by Nigel Hall, a consultant paediatric surgeon at

Southampton Children’s Hospital, found only 12% of patients with an appendix
mass developed recurrent appendicitis which required surgical intervention after
receiving initial treatment with antibiotics.

After successful non-operative treatment, present surgical dogma is that interval

appendicectomy should be done to avoid future recurrence of acute
appendicitis," said Mr Hall.

"But, although the risk of complications after interval appendicectomy is low,

they can be severe

https://www.uhs.nhs.uk/AboutTheTrust/Newsandpublications/Latestnews/
2017/Researchers-find-child-appendicitis-surgery-not-needed-in-75-of-
cases.aspx

When my own appendix ruptured, a combination of quick medical care, general

surgery, and antibiotics helped me avoid serious infection or worse.In recent
years, physicians have started to treat cases of non-ruptured, inflamed appendix
with antibiotics, and a new study published in Pediatrics finds that antibiotics
offer a safe option for avoiding invasive surgery—and saving a potentially
useful organ.

https://invisiverse.wonderhowto.com/news/avoid-unnecessary-childhood-
surgery-by-considering-antibiotics-first-for-uncomplicated-appendicitis-
0176313/

An Appendectomy Increases the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Five-

Year Follow-Up Study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4430489/

Previous studies showed that changes in immune function after an

appendectomy may be associated with a variety of diseases such as coeliac
disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, Clostridium difficile infection, acute
myocardial infraction, and pulmonary tuberculosis [3–10]. In addition, many
studies reported a possible association of an appendectomy with rheumatoid
arthritis (RA).
Surgical removal of the tonsils and appendix associated with risk of early heart
attack, study suggests
Date:
June 1, 2011
he surgical removal of the appendix and tonsils before the age of 20 was
associated with an increased risk of premature heart attack in a large population
study performed in Sweden. Tonsillectomy increased the risk by 44% (hazard
ratio 1.44) and appendectomy by 33% (HR 1.33). The risk increases were just
statistically significant, and were even higher when the tonsils and appendix
were both removed. However, there was no risk association evident when the
operations were performed in people over the age of 20.

In explaining the results the authors also implicate some "complex" long-term
effect of the immune system, noting that the appendix and tonsils are secondary
lymphoid organs whose removal can affect several aspects of immune activity,
including decreased production of immunoglobulins. They also note that
atherosclerosis, the underlying pathophysiology of AMI, is widely considered to
be an inflammatory process

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/06/110601075128.htm

Appendectomy Raises Risk of Lupus, Especially in Younger Women,

Researchers in Taiwan Report

People who have had their appendix surgically removed, particularly younger

women, are considerably more likely to develop systemic lupus erythematosus
than those who have not had an appendectomy, researchers in Taiwan report.

Women under age 50,  in fact, were found to be at a 2.3 times greater risk of
lupus following this surgery, leading the team to recommend that doctors “be
aware of the high risk of SLE among young female adults undergoing
appendectomy.”

The study, “Women who had appendectomy have increased risk of systemic
lupus erythematosus: a nationwide cohort study,” was published in the
journal Clinical Rheumatology.

While long seen as a vestigial organ, the appendix is now known to play a role
in immune responses, carrying the highest concentration of gut-associated
immune cells that act as a fist line of defense against pathogens invading the
gastrointestinal tract.

Does Having Your Appendix Removed Cause Parkinson’s? Here’s What

You Need to Know

How much should you worry about this newly established relationship between

appendicitis and Parkinson's?

There's a link between appendicitis and Parkinson's disease, according to a

study published this week.

The new research, set to be presented at a conference next weekend, says a

person is nearly three times as likely to develop Parkinson's disease if they've

had their appendix removed.

Appendicitis, or inflammation of the appendix, is a common condition that

causes abdominal pain. It's usually treated with an appendectomy—

https://www.health.com/mind-body/parkinsons-and-appendicitis