1/10/21 00:04 Differential Equations and Their Applications: An Introduction to Applied Mathematics: 9780387908069 - Ejercicio 4 | Quizlet

Explicaciones / Differential Equations and Their Applications: An Introduction to Applied Mathematics

Ejercicio 4
Capítulo 2 | Sección 2-3 | Página 151

Differential Equations and Their Applications: An Introduction to Applied Mat...

Índice

ISBN: 9780387908069

Explicación Verificado

Paso 1 1 de 5

∂2y ∂y
a 2 +b + cy = g(t)[1]
∂t ∂t
​

Lema1:The difference of any two solutions of the nonhomogeneous equation [1]
 is a solution of the homogeneous equation.

Two solutions of the nonhomogeneous equation:

{
ψ1 (t)​

​ ​

ψ2 (t)
​

⇒ φ(t) = ψ1 (t) − ψ2 (t)

​ ​

φ is a solution of the homogeneous equation.

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Paso 2 2 de 5

∂2y ∂y
a 2 +b + cy = 0
∂t ∂t
​ ​

This is homogeneous linear second-order equation
with constant coefficients.

a, b and c be positive numbers

∂2y ∂y
a 2 +b + cy = 0
∂t ∂t
​ ​

ar2 + br + c = 0 (characteristic equation)

b2 − 4ac−b ±
 r1,2 =
​

2a
​ ​

2
D = b − 4ac ​ ​ ​

Depending on D we distinguish between cases:
(1): D ≥ 0,D =
 0 
b2 − 4ac
−b +
r1 =
​

2a
​ ​

−b − b2 − 4ac
r2 =
​

2a
​ ​

Two independent solutions are:
y1 (t) = φ(t)
​

= er1 t ​

y2 (t) = φ(t)
​

= er2 t
​

t ⟶ ∞ ⇒ y1 (t) ⟶ 0 ​

r_2 ≤ 0
t ⟶ ∞ ⇒ y2 (t) ⟶ 0 ​

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Paso 3 3 de 5

D = b2 − 4ac
(2): D ≤ 0,D =
0
−b ±  4ac − b2
r1,2 =
​

2a
​

−b +  4ac − b2
r1 ==
​

2a
​

−b −  4ac − b2
r2 =
​

2a
​

Two independent solutions are:
y1 (t) = φ(t)
​

bt
− 4ac − b2
= e 2a cos
​

t
2a
​

y2 (t) = φ(t)
​

bt
− 4ac − b2
= e 2a sin
​

t
2a
​

[ − 1 ≤ cos t ≤ 1]
t ⟶ ∞ ⇒ y1 (t) ⟶ 0 ​

[ − 1 ≤ sin t ≤ 1]
t ⟶ ∞ ⇒ y2 (t) ⟶ 0 ​

Paso 4 4 de 5

D = b2 − 4ac
(3): D = 0
−b
r1,2 =
2a
​

−b
r1 =
2a
​

−b
r2 =
2a
​

Two independent solutions are:
y1 (t) = φ(t)
​

bt
−
= e 2a
​

y2 (t) = φ(t) ​

bt
−
= te 2a
​

t
=
bt
​

e 2a
​

t ⟶ ∞ ⇒ y1 (t) ⟶ 0 ​

Exponential function is the faster infinite.

bt
t ≪ e 2a
t ⟶ ∞ ⇒ y2 (t) ⟶ 0 ​

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Resultado 5 de 5

Difference of any two solutions of the equation approaches zero as t approaches infinity.

Ejercicio 3 Ejercicio 5

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