2

IMPORTANCE OF OJT

The On the Job Training is a hands on method of importing the vital

knowledge, skills, and competencies required for employee to accomplish

specific task within the work place.

As graduating students of the Bachelor of Practical Agriculture, on-the-

job training is very important because when you apply for the job, you are

qualified because you have had experience, and employment often asks about

OJT experience and how it relates to the job that you are applying for. OJT is

crucially important to develop our skills in terms of the field of agriculture, the

trainee's self-esteem, and where we can assist him in becoming a better student

in the near future.

OBJECTIVES

1. To develop the students’ ability to integrate knowledge from various

disciplines when identifying and analyzing problems in Agriculture;
2. To expose students to other dynamics of farm management and
entrepreneurship;
3. To sharpen the students’ perception on the use of appropriate Agricultural
management; and
4. To enable the students to integrate systematically with common sense the
knowledge in their field of endeavor.
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USM VISION, MISSION, AND CORE VALUES

Vision

Quality and relevant education for its clientele to be globally competitive,

culture sensitive and morally responsive human resources for sustainable

development.

Mission

Help accelerate socio-economic development, promote harmony among

diverse communities and improve quality of life through instruction, research,

extension and resource generation in Southern Philippines.

USM Core Values

G-Goodness

R-Responsiveness

E-Excellence

A-Assertion of Rights, and

T-Truth
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USM QUALITY POLICY STATEMENT

The University of Southern Mindanao, as premier university, is committed to

provide quality instruction, research development and extension services, and

resources generation that exceed stakeholder’s expectation through the

management of continual improvement efforts on the following:

1. Establish key result area and performance indicators across all mandated

function;

2. Implement quality educational programs;

3. Guarantee competency of education program;

4. Spearhead need-based research outputs for commercialization,

publication, patenting and develop technologies for good security life;

5. Facilitate transfer of technologies generated from research to the

community;

6. Strengthen relationship with stakeholder’s;

7. Sustain good governance and culture sensitivity; and

8. Comply with customer, regulatory, and statutory requirements.

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GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE

COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE

Goal

Assumes the prime role in pursuing a culture of excellence in agricultural

instruction, research, extension, and production activities. It indeavours to train

morally upright men and women who will be leaders in various field of agricultural

education, science and technology.

Objective

Produce graduates who are locally and globally competitive ; develop or

train man power resources who will provide moral leadership and socio-

economic and agro-industrial development of southern Philippines and support of

national development indeavours.

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METHODOLOGY

On Campus

Before the OJT started all the BPA students gathered in CA Annex to

undergo the orientation program that was conducted by the OJT coordinator Sir,

Joseph Castillo about the needed requirements for the OJT. He also informed

students to have a virtual meeting with the parents and the students. After

orientation, the OJT coordinator reminded the trainees to submit the needed

requirements for the OJT. When all the requirements were submitted, the

trainees were temporarily deployed at SDC USMARC under the supervision of

Sir Meliton Galang.

Off Campus

A week before the deployment, the trainees who were assigned at D&L

Dairy On March 1. 2023, Sir Joseph O. Castillo announced the deployment in D

and L Dairy Farm. During the deployment, the owner Sir Dominic Paclibar, gave

orientation to the trainees about his rules and regulation and the do’s and don’ts

in his farm. Moreover, the grading system was also discusse

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MAJOR ACTIVITIES

Feeding and Milking of Buffalo

The trainee underwent two major activities: caring and milking of buffalo.

The first thing the trainee did was to learn from caretaker what to do, when to

feed, how to bathe, give water, and how much to put in the tub they are feeding

in. they also asked what vitamins to give to buffalo, they also mixed spent grain,

which is said to have a lot of protein, using barley saved grain (BSG). Flour in

foods was also added to provide important minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc,

and magnesium, and they also have bananas mixed in. Every morning they feed

the buffaloes in a tub containing their food, napier, spent grain, and bananas.

After they bathe each buffalo and wipe their udder they were milked. At noon,

they bathe it again so that it doesn't get too hot, then at 3:00 p.m., they feed it,

and they also chop napier so that it can be eaten in the morning. We also got a

straw because the napier ran out, and this became a alternative solution. they

also put salt in every tub the buffalo eat so that they can drink water faster

because what they eat is dry. As for milking, another caretaker taught them that

the first thing to do to get buffalo milk is to tie one of its udders so as not to

interfere with getting milk and avoid accidents. The next step is to squeeze its

udder and reduce the strength of the hands to get milk. After milking, it was

weighed, and the milk obtained from each buffalo was recorded, then it was

delivered for processing.

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Mixing Spent Grain

After collecting the spent grain from the brewing process, The trainee

drained off any excess liquid and prepared a large plastic tub for mixing. With a

shovel in hand, and the trainee carefully transferred the spent grain into the tub,

making sure to break up any clumps and achieve an even distribution. they also

mixed the spent grain thoroughly, ensuring that all the ingredients were well

combined. Once satisfied with the consistency, they stored the mixed spent grain

in a cool, dry place, ready to be used for animal feed or other purposes as

needed.

Mixing Spent Grain, Napier and Banana

The trainee poured and mixed the spent grain first because it has whole

parts that should be pulverized, then he added first the napier, banana and spent

grain to feed the buffalo.

Weighing the Spent grain

In the process of weighing the spent grain, the trainee carefully selected a

suitable scale and prepared a clean container. After zeroing out the weight of the

container, the trainee poured the spent grain into it, watching the numbers on the

scale climb. Once all the grain was added, they noted down the final weight and

considered the various ways it could be utilized. Whether as animal feed or

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compost, they recognized the value in responsibly managing byproducts. With a

sense of fulfillment, they tidied up, appreciating the importance of sustainable

practices in the brewing process.

Harvesting of Napier

To avoid cuts or punctures from the plant's sharp parts, it is crucial to wear

personal protective equipment (PPE) when harvesting Napier grass. In order to

ensure proper regrowth, the napier grass must also be cut right at the end of its

body.

Chopping of Napier

The machine's positioning must be modified when chopping Napier’s in order

to prevent damage and ensure proper cutting.

Feeding of Napier

To maintain the health of the buffalo when feeding them with napier grass, it

is important to ensure that the grass is fresh and not wet. Storing napier grass for

an extended period or in a damp condition can lead to the growth of harmful

microorganisms and increase the risk of disease. If the napier grass is damp, it

should be regularly turned over to facilitate drying and prevent potential health

issues.
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MINOR ACTIVITIES

Planting of Ginger

To plant ginger, select healthy rhizomes with buds, prepare well-draining soil

enriched with organic matter, cut and treat the rhizomes if desired, plant them in

shallow furrows or holes with buds facing up, water lightly and maintain moisture,

apply mulch, provide partial shade and regular watering, and harvest mature

ginger after 8-10 months when the foliage dies back.

Weed Removal

To properly weed ginger, identify and hand-pull weeds without disturbing

the ginger plants, apply organic mulch to suppress weed growth, cultivate the soil

carefully around ginger plants, consider using weed control fabric or plastic

mulch for larger plantations, and regularly monitor and remove weeds to prevent

competition with ginger plants.

Soil Cultivation

To cultivate the soil for ginger, prepare loose and well-drained soil

enriched with organic matter, remove weeds and debris, loosen the soil to

improve aeration and drainage, incorporate compost or well-rotted manure for

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fertility, and maintain a weed-free and well-prepared planting bed for successful

ginger growth.

Harvesting of Corn

It is necessary to harvest the plants after four months, when they seem

dry and brown. We use our hands to separate the young corn from the stalk.

Peeling of Corn

To peel corn, remove the outer husks by pulling them downward and away

from the cob, then remove the remaining silk strands by brushing or rinsing the

corn under water.

Packaging of Corn

To package corn, select appropriate packaging materials such as mesh

bags or crates, arrange the corn neatly in the packaging, seal or close the

packaging securely, label the packages with relevant information such as variety

and harvest date, and store the packaged corn in a cool and well-ventilated area

to maintain its quality and extend its shelf life.

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PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED

Papaya Leaf Curl Virus

This virus is spread by whiteflies and causes leaf curling, yellowing, and

reduced fruit size. Proper management of whiteflies through insecticides and

removal of infected plants are essential control measures.

Papaya Ringspot Virus

This viral disease is transmitted by aphids and causes ringspots on

leaves, distortion of fruits, and stunted growth. There is no cure for Papaya

Ringspot Virus, so prevention through the use of virus-free planting material and

controlling aphid populations is crucial.

Root Rot

Is caused by soilborne pathogens and leads to rotting of the papaya roots,

resulting in stunted growth and eventual death of the plant. Ensuring well-drained

soil and avoiding overwatering can help prevent root rot.

Phytophthora Fruit Rot

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This fungal disease causes rotting of papaya fruits, leading to significant

losses. It is primarily managed through good orchard sanitation, proper drainage,

and avoiding overwatering.

MITIGATION OF THE PROBLEM

Papaya Leaf Curl Virus

To prevent Papaya Leaf Curl Virus use virus-free planting material,

maintain good field sanitation by removing infected plants, control whitefly

populations, implement physical barriers, avoid intercropping with susceptible

plants, improve overall plant health, and seek expert advice.

Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV)

To prevent Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV) in papaya plants, use virus-

resistant varieties, maintain strict sanitation practices, control aphid populations,

use virus-free planting material, practice crop rotation, monitor and manage

weeds, and seek expert advice.

Root Rot

To prevent Root Rot in papaya plants, ensure proper drainage, practice

appropriate watering techniques, improve soil structure, avoid over-fertilization,

implement crop rotation, use disease-resistant varieties, provide proper plant

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spacing, maintain good garden hygiene, and regularly monitor for signs of root

rot.

Preventing Phytophthora Fruit Rot

Preventing Phytophthora Fruit Rot in papaya plants involves optimizing

drainage, using proper irrigation methods, applying preventive fungicides,

practicing good garden hygiene, avoiding overhead watering, spacing plants

adequately, selecting resistant varieties, and regularly monitoring for signs of the

disease.
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SUMMARY OF LEARNINGS

In 480 hours, the trainee learned various tasks related to taking care of

buffaloes. This included knowing when to feed them and how to clean each cage

to prevent bacteria from affecting the animals. He also discovered that the most

crucial aspect is to avoid accidents and to wear personal protective equipment

(PPE) Additionally, he learned the proper method of obtaining milk. One

interesting thing he discovered is the use of "spent grain," which is formed when

buffalo meal is mixed with a beverage like beer. It acts as a nutritious topper,

adding protein to help the buffaloes gain weight. He also learned how to shape

the spent grain into various forms such as pointed, round, and large, and how to

arrange them in groups of five or six pieces each, More than that, he also earned

to socialize with coworkers, which helped him boost his self-confidence and self-

esteem. Additionally, he gained a lot of knowledge in the field of agriculture,

which gave him a deeper understanding of the workings of the world around us.
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APPENDICES
 17

Appendix A. Internship Weekly Report

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

Kabacan, Cotabato
Philippines
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
Bachelor of Practical Agriculture

INTERNSHIP WEEKLY REPORT

Week 1
March 1-2, 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Deployment Meeting new people. The trainee has learned on

and how to interact with others;
Orientation and being exposed to the
2. Farm Tour Exposure to real world real world of farming is a
farming problems and real challenge.
practices.

Week 2
March 6-10, 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Inventory Inventory of the pomelo tree to This week, the trainee

know the exact number of
trees.
2. Feeding of the It gives the animals the vigor
carabao to grow, develop, and
reproduce, and strong
has learned that proper
feeding of animals
gives them strong
immunity to fight off
infections. She also
 18

immunity to fight off infections. learned the proper way

3 Chopping of Enough supply of chopped of chopping napier
napier grass napier grass for the carabaos. grass and the
4 Giving the It will help them reduce the importance of storing
carabao a bath heat load and thermal stress. enough supply of
5 Recognition Day Awarding Day napier grass for the
Rehearsal carabaos.

Week 3
March 13-17, 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON

LEARNED
9. Recognition Day
Feeding of the carabao It gives the animals the vigor The trainee has
to grow, develop, and learned that giving
reproduce, and strong the carabao a bath
immunity to fight off infections. will help reduce
10. Chopping of napier Enough supply of chopped the heat load and
grass napier grass for the carabaos. the thermal stress
11. Giving the carabao a It will help them reduce the in them.
bath heat load and thermal stress.
12. Milking of the Fresh Milk
carabao

Week 4
March 20-24, 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Harvesting Papaya The trainee has

of Papaya learned the importance
2. Fertilizer Replenished the nutrients in the of fertilizer application
Application soil. to the plants- it
3. Pruning Removes dead and dying replenishes the
branches, allowing room for new nutrients in the soil.
growth and promotes the plant’s She has also learned
natural shape and healthy the significance of
growth. pruning in crop
4. Harvesting Papaya production which
of Papaya allows room for new
5. Pruning Removes dead and dying growth and promotes
branches, allowing room for new plant’s natural shape
 19

growth and promotes the plant’s

natural shape and healthy
and healthy growth.
growth.

Week 5
March 27-31 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON

LEARNED
1. Harvesting of Papaya The trainee has
Papaya learned the proper
2. Fertilizer Replenished the nutrients in the way of harvesting,
Application soil. washing, sorting
3. Pruning Removes dead and dying and packaging of
brunches, allowing room for new papaya fruits. She
growth and promotes the plant’s also learned that
natural shape and healthy growth. weeding reduces
4. Pruning Removes dead and dying the risk of pest
branches, allowing room for new infestation in
growth and promotes the plant’s plants.
natural shape and healthy growth.
5. Weeding Reduce the risk of these pests
infecting our desirable plants.

Week 6
April 3-7, 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON

LEARNED
1. Harvesting of Papaya The trainee has
Papaya learned the
2. Pruning and Promotes the plant’s natural shape significance of
cleaning of the and healthy growth. pruning in crop
area production which
3. Weeding Reduce the risk of these pests allows room for
infecting our desirable plants. new growth and
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4. Maundy
Thursday
(Holiday)
promotes plant’s
5. Good Friday
natural shape and
(Holiday)
healthy growth.
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Week 7
April 10-14 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Harvesting of Papaya The trainee has

Papaya
2. Pruning Promotes the plant’s natural
shape and healthy growth.
3. Pruning Promotes the plant’s natural
shape and healthy growth.
4. Weeding Reduce the risk of these pests
infecting our desirable plants.
5. Soil cultivation Allowing air, nutrients and
water to get deeper into the
ground where the plant roots
can access them.
learned the
significance of pruning
trees in terms of crop
production and crop
protection. She also
acknowledges the
value of keeping the
farm free from weeds
and understand better
how soil cultivation
improve crop growth.

Week 8
April 17-20, 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Watering of Plants that are kept at their The trainee has learned
Papaya desired hydration level will be the importance of silage
stronger and healthier. making which is to
2. Silage making Enough supply of food for the provide enough supply
carabao and increases forage of food for the
quality carabaos.
3. Silage making Enough supply of food for the
carabao and increases forage
quality.
4. Eid al-Fit’r Islamic Worship
(Holiday)
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Week 9
April 24-30 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Feeding of the It gives the animals the vigor

carabao to grow, develop, and
reproduce, and strong The trainee has
immunity to fight off infections. learned that in
chopping napier grass
2. Chopping of Enough supply of food for the it is very important to
napier grass carabaos. wear PPE especially
3. Silage making Enough supply of food for the when using shredder
carabao and increases forage machine to minimize
quality exposure to hazards.
4. Harvesting of Enough supply of food for the
napier grass carabaos.
5. Feeding of the It gives the animals the vigor
carabao to grow, develop, and
reproduce, and strong
immunity to fight off infections.
6. Feeding of It gives the animals the vigor
Carabao to grow, develop, and
reproduce, and strong
immunity to fight off infections.
7. Feeding of It gives the animals the vigor
carabao to grow, develop, and
reproduce, and strong
immunity to fight off infections.
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Week 10
May 4-7 2023
ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED
1. Desuckering Removed the unwanted The trainee has
suckers from banana plant. learned the importance
2. Harvesting of corn Corn of desuckering which is
3. Classifying of Corn to control the suckers
harvested corn and to maintain normal
4. chopping of napier Enough supply of food for bunch weight and
grass carabaos quality.

Week 11
May 8-11 2023

ACTIVITIES OUTPUT LESSON LEARNED

1. Classifying of Corn
harvested corn The trainee has learned
2. Weeding Reduce the risk of these pests the proper way of
infecting our desirable plants. classifying the
3. Weeding Reduce the risk of these pests harvested corn.
infecting our desirable plants.
4. Peeling of corn Corn

DOMINIC PACLIBAR
Supervisor
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Appendix B. Photo Documentation

Appendix B1. Harvesting of napier grass.

Appendix B2. Gathering transport of cut napier grass.

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Appendix B3. Gathering of rice straw.

Appendix B4. Gathering transporting of rice straw.

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Appendix B5. Chopping of napier grass using machine.

Appendix B6. Gathering of chopped napier grass.

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Appendix B7. Mixing of spent grain.

Appendix B8. Augmentation of banana to

feeds.

Appendix B9. Milking of buffalo.

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Appendix B10. Weighing of harvested milk.

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Appendix B11. Harvesting of papaya. Appendix B12. Transport of papaya.

Appendix B13. Weighing of papaya.