Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr.Viraj V Atre.
1 Introduction to Research
1.1What is research?
1.Applied research
Is to solve a current problem faced by the
manager in the work setting,demanding a timely
solution.
2.Basic research (fundamental, pure)
Is to generate a body of knowledge by trying to
comprehend how certain problems that occur in
organizations can be solved.
The findings of such research contribute to the
building of knowledge in the various functional
areas of business.
1.4. Why is it important for managers to know
about research?
Solve problems
Decision making tool
Competition
Risk
Investment
Hire researchers and consultants more
effectively
2 Scientific Investigation
1 Observation
2 Identification of problem area
3 Theoretical framework
4 Hypotheses
5 Research design
6 Data collection
7 Data analysis
8 Data interpretation
9 Implementation
The seven-step process in the
Hypothetico-Deductive method
1 Observation
2 Problem identification
preliminary information gathering
3 Theoretical framework
theory formulation
4 Hypothesizing
5 Research design
further scientific data collection
6 logical analysis
7 Deduction
The seven-step process
problem statement is a clear, precise, and succinct statement of the
question or issue that is to be investigated with the goal of finding
an answer or solution.
Theoretical framework is the foundation on which the entire research
project is based.It is logically developed,described,and elaborated
network of associations among the variables relevant to the problem
situation.
A hypothesis is a tentative statement that proposes a possible
explanation to some phenomenon or event. A useful hypothesis is a
testable statement which may include a prediction. A hypotheses
should not be confused with a theory.
Data analysis: the data gathered are statistically analyzed to see if the
hypotheses that were generated have been supported.
Measurement is the process observing and recording the observations
that are collected as part of a research effort.
Deduction is the process of arriving at conclusions by interpreting the
meaning of the data analysis results.
Problem Formulation
http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/design.php
The Research Cycle
ICT
Information
Communication
Technology
http://tutor2u.net/business/ict/intro_what_is_ict.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ict/implications/0moralandsocialissuesrev1.shtml
The research process
1 Observation
2 Data gathering
3 Problem definition
4 Theoretical framework (variables identified)
5 Hypotheses
6 Research design
7 Data collection,analysis,interpretation
8 Deduction
9 Report writing
10 Report presentation
11 Managerial decision making
Research design
Purpose of the study:
Exploratory study
Is undertaken when no information is available on how similar
problems or research issues have been solved in the past
Descriptive study
Is to able to describe the characteristics of the variables of
interest in a situation.
Hypotheses testing
Is undertaken to explain the variance in the dependent variable
or to predict organizational outcomes.
Case studies
Exercise
http://www.quia.com/rr/51667.html
http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/Math/mean/Pmeasure.htm
http://www.fortunecity.com/greenfield/grizzly/432/Research.htm
http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/statdesc.php
The Research Report
Researh proposal
Research report
Research presentation
Research report articles vary in how they are
organized, :
http://blog.spu.ac.th/readmore/2008/04/22/entry-2
http://blog.spu.ac.th/readmore/gallery/394
http://dekkid.blogspot.com/search?q=business+research
Question?
How can you solve business problem?
Why do you need to know how to write the research
proposal?
Do you understand the research process?
Do you know why do you have to identify problem
statement clearly before doing research?
Do you know why sampling and statistics are
important to the research result?
Why do you have to identify the limitation of your
study?
Why the research report and presentation are
important?
Do you know how to apply the steps of the research
process ?
Questions
1.If you want to set up a coffee shop near
the university and school, what is your
research topic?
2.Identify the problem statement.
3.Identify the objectives
4.The hypotheses
5. The research methodology.
6. The examples of the questionaireใ