According to john William Navin Sullivan, a famous science writer, “mathematics” is at the center of

history and development of culture.

It helps every human being on his or her day to day living like individual develop reasoning, analytical
thinking, and critical thing. Mathematics can explain how things work and phenomena can be best
understood through it. It also plays a central role in the physical sciences for centuries, and currently it is
being used by life scientists by analyzing patterns present in plants, animals and human.

What is Mathematics?

The word Mathematics comes for the word GREEK (mathema) means “that which is learnt” or Lesson”.
Derived from “Manthano” while the modern greek “Mathaino” means “learn”. Mathematics is defines
as the science patterns and relationships. But what exactly mathematics do?

Mathematics give numerous definitions from different sources like for example; encyclopedia Britannica
defines mathematics as “ the science of structure, order and relations that has evolved from elemental
practices of counting, measuring and describing the shapes and characteristics of object.” Which is now
the closes evident definition in this modern world today.

Characteristics of mathematics

Classification- Classification generates a series of mental relations through which objects are grouped
according to similarities and differences depending on the specific criteria such as shapes, color, size,
etc.

Logical sequence- It means that each step can be derived logically from the preceding steps.

Structure- The structure on a particular mathematical set will allow mathematicians to study the set
further and find its relationship with other objects.
Precision and Accuracy- Accuracy is how close a measure value is to the actual value. It is the degree to
which a given quantity is correct and free from error. Precision, on the other hand, is how close the
measured values are to each other. For example, the accuracy of a number x is given by the number of
significant decimal (or other) to the right of the decimal point in x, the precision of x is the total number
of significant decimal ( or other) digits.

Abstractness- abstraction is the process of extracting the underlying essence of a mathematical concept
by taking away any dependence on a real world objects. Techniques and methods in abstraction deal
with quantitative relations and spatial forms and their interrelationships with one another. It has a great
significance in understanding concepts in other disciplines.

Symbolism- This language is uniquely constructed in such a way that all mathematicians understand
symbolic notations and mathematical formulas.

Applicability - Mathematics can be used in all fields of human endeavor. According to kant, “in any
special doctrine of nature, there can be only as much proper science as there is mathematics therein.”
Many agree that the problem of understanding the significant link between ,mathematics and modern
science is an interesting and significant challenge for the philosopher of mathematics.

Generalizations- Making generalizations is fundamental to mathematics. It is a skill that must be

developed among students. It is of vital importance in a functioning society.

Nature of mathematics

A science of Measures-