Year 7 Core Curriculum Chapter 2: Calculations: Challenge Extra

year 7 core curriculum
chapter 2: calculations
[Recommended Time: 10 - 12 hours]
Contents
Written Calculations: Addition / Subtraction of Decimals Page 2

Arrange the Digits extra
challenge Page 3
Written Calculations: Short Division Page 4
Multiplying and Dividing by 10,100,1000 Page 6
Multiplying by 0.1,0.01 extra
challenge Page 8
Multiplying by Powers of 10: Fill in the Gaps Page 9
Multiplying Decimals Page 10
Multiplying Decimals (Additional Practice) Page 12
Decimal Multiplication Arithmagons Page 13
Decimals Grid Puzzles Page 14
The Effect of Dividing by 0.5, 0.1, 0.01 and 0 Page 15
The Effect of Changing the Divisor Page 17
Dividing by a Decimal Code Breaker Page 19
The Effect of Changing the Dividend Page 20
The Effect of Changing Divisor / Dividend Mixed Practice Page 22
Dividing Decimals Practice Page 23
Multiplying & Dividing Decimals Match Page 25
extra
The Effect of Changing both Divisor & Dividend challenge Page 26
Decimal Calculation Puzzles extra
challenge Page 27
extra
Clever Calculation Tricks challenge Page 28
Chapter Review Page 30
Cumulative Review Page 32
Page 1 www.MathsPad.co.uk
written calculations: addition / subtraction of decimals
examples
Calculate 8.2 - 1.64 Calculate 1 - 0.043 Which is closer to 1

0.98 or 1.04 ?
8.20 1.000
1.00 1.04
1.64 - 0.043 -
0.98 - 1.00 -
6.56 0.957
0.02 0.04
so 0.98 is closer because it is
only 0.02 away
exercise 2a
1. Which of the following is the correct calculation of 3847 - 554?

a) b) c) d)
3847 3847 3847 3847
554 - 554 - 554 - 554 -
2307 3313 -2 3 0 7 3293
2. Calculate:
a) 62 - 1.84 b) 2.05 - 1.9
c) 1 - 0.086 d) 30.004 - 9.26
3. Which of these is closest to 1? a) 0.91 b) 1.08 c) 1.004
1
4. Which of these is closest to 4? a) 4.02 b) 4 10 c) 3.97
49
5. Calculate - 0.3
100
6. Which is closer to 1? 89
1.21 or
100
Explain your answer.
7. Which of these numbers is closest to 1?

a) 0.95 b) 1.02 c) 1.03 d) 0.985
challenge
8. Calculate
a) 4.2 - 1.02 b) 1.85 - 0.3?
9. Calculate:
a) 0. 895 - 0.005 b) 0.23 - 0.23 c) 0.356 - 0.312
Arrange the Digits
extra
challenge
A. Place the digits

1 3 4 6 7
5 + = 3
in the boxes to make
this statement true:
B. Place the digits

1 2 3 5 6
1 - 3 =
C. Place the digits

1 2 4 8 9
+ = 7 6
D. Place the digits

0 1 2 3 5
8 + 5 =
E. Place the digits

0 1 4 5 8
1 - = 3
Very Tricky Calculation Puzzles extra

challenge
Below are three subtractions and one addition. Work out the missing digits:
a) b) c) d)
. 1 . 27 1 .1 6 .
1 . 68 - 0.6 - 3 . 58+ . 799 -
0 . 566 0 . 09 . 250 5 . 727
written calculations: short division
learn by heart 3
...this means 3 ÷ 5
5
Fraction Bar: the line in a fraction - it means divide
examples
1
Write 8
as a decimal. Calculate half of 0.87 Which number is half way
between 35 and 82?
0 .1 2 5 0 .4 3 5
8 1 .10 2040 2 0 . 8 710
(35 + 82) ÷ 2
1 ÷ 8 = 0.125 = 0.435 = 117 ÷ 2 = 58.5
exercise 2b
1. Work out:
a) 448 ÷ 8 b) 211 ÷ 5 c) 941 ÷ 5
d) 218 ÷ 5 e) 4.5 ÷ 4 f) 0.0171 ÷ 3
2. Use short division to write these fractions as decimals:

3 1 5 5
a) 8
b) 6
c) 8
d) 11
3. Calculate half of:

3 83
a) 0.85 b) 1.01 c) 2 10 d) 4 100
4. Find the number half way between:

3
a) 17 and 35 c) 82.5 and 91 e) 2.09 and 2 10
8
b) 143 and 641 d) 1.801 and 1.84 f) 5.8 and 5 100
5. Which of these is largest?

4 1
a) 9
b) 0.39 c) 0.45 d) 3
6. Which of these are recurring decimals?

1 2 1 4
a) 3
b) 3
c) 6
d) 9
7. Put these numbers in order of size, starting with the smallest:

3 3
a) 0.30 b) c) d) 0.029
10 11
challenging
1
1. Write as a decimal.
16
3
2. Is a recurring or terminating decimal?
22
3. Can you work out half of 0.8?
4. Can you work out half of 0.5?
5. Complete the statements:
a) _____ is half way between 42 and 63
b) 0.5 is half way between _____ and 0.72
c) 1.5 is half way between _____ and 2.22
6. Calculate the following using short division. What do you notice?
a) 1 ÷ 9 d) 4 ÷ 9 g) 7 ÷ 9
b) 2 ÷ 9 e) 5 ÷ 9 h) 8 ÷ 9
c) 3 ÷ 9 f) 6 ÷ 9 i) 9 ÷ 9
10
7. Given the pattern above, can you work out 9
without using short division?
13
8. Can you work out 9
in a similar way?
Fractions & Decimals Match 0.3 0.3

Match each fraction to its decimal equivalent.
Record your pairs in a table, starting with the smallest number.
2 0.4
9
1
0.2 0.2 3
10 0.1 1 2 3
0.35 1 1 1
5 4 10
5 5 0.6 3 8
Start with the 2
0.25 4 35 0.6 1
smallest 3 9 100 9
0.4 0.125 0.1
decimal here
Decimal
Fraction
multiplying and dividing by 10, 100, 1000...
learn by heart
× 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10
hundreds tens units tenths hundredths thousandths
100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
÷ 10 ÷ 10 ÷ 10 ÷ 10 ÷ 10
examples
34 × 100 = 3400 10 × 5.902 = 59.02 0.84 × 1000 = 840
1700 ÷ 10 = 170 439 ÷ 100 = 4.39 0.7 ÷ 1000 = 0.0007
exercise 2c
1. Work out:
a) 84 × 10 b) 9.1 × 1000 c) 60 × 100

d) 1700 ÷ 100 e) 45 ÷ 10 f) 300 ÷ 1000
g) 10,000 ÷ 100 h) 120 ÷ 1000 j) 907 ÷ 10
2. Work out the missing numbers:
a) 65 × _______ = 6500 b) 2710 ÷ _______ = 271

c) _______ × 10 = 95,600 d) _______ ÷ 100 = 20
e) 450 ÷ _______ = 0.45 f) 1000 × _______ = 29,000
3. Removing the decimal point makes which number 100 times bigger?
a) 43.1 b) 1.92 c) 0.4 d) 5.904
4. If a zero is added to the end of one of these numbers, its value will stay the same.
Which number?
a) 3 b) 42 c) 0.9 d) 10
5. Work out:
a) 2.7 × 10 c) 0.5 × 100 e) 1.250 ÷ 10

b) 9.02 ÷ 10 d) 1.1 ÷ 1000 f) 0.007 × 100
6. Complete these statements:
a) 450 is _________ times smaller than 450,000
b) 80 is ________ times bigger than 0.08
c) 0.037 is ________ times ____________ than 3.7
d) 1.004 is ________ times ____________ than 1004
e) 13.2 is 100 times smaller than ________
f) 0.85 is 100 times bigger than _______

a) 0.43 × _______ = 430 b) 50.7 ÷ _______ = 5.07
c) _______ ÷ 100 = 83.2 d) _______ × 10 = 5.2
e) _______ ÷ 1000 = 2.3 f) 100 × _______ = 40
8. Complete: 0.48 × 100 = 480,000 ÷ ______
9. Calculate 4859.6 × 1,000 ÷ 1000
10. Calculate:
a) 1.23 × 10 b) 4.3 ÷ 100 c) 96.526 ÷ 10
11. Fill in the blank: 0.034 × ________ = 34.4
matching activity
Match these calculations to their answers:
A B C 4500 0.045
0.45 × 10 20.6 ÷ 100 4.5 × 100
450 45
D E F
450 ÷ 1000 0.45 × 100 4.5 ÷ 100
4.5 0.45
G H I
4.5 × 1000 2.6 × 100 260 ÷ 1000 26 2.06
J K L 0.206 260
206 ÷ 100 2.06 × 100 0.026 × 1000
0.26 206
Record your answers in a table:
A B C D E F G H I J K L
multiplying by 0.1,0.01 etc extra
challenge
learn by heart
1
0.1 = 1 tenth = 10
and so mutiplying by 0.1 is the same as dividing by 10
Multiplying by 0.1 Multiplying by 0.01 Multiplying by 0.001

is equivalent to is equivalent to is equivalent to
dividing by 10 dividing by 100 dividing by 1000
examples
432 × 0.1 86.04 × 0.01 1

× 5060 = 5060 ÷ 1000
= 43.2 = 0.8604 1000
= 5.06
exercise 2d
1. Work out:
a) 7600 × 0.1 b) 8301 × 0.01 c) 432 × 0.1
d) 97,000 × 0.001 e) 420 × 0.01 f) 604 × 0.001
2. Which of these are equal to 5.07? Choose all that apply.
a) 507 × 0.01 b) 0.507 × 0.1 c) 57 × 0.1 d) 5.07 × 1
a) 68 × 0.1 b) 0.068 × 0.1 c) 680 × 0.001 d) 680 × 0.01
4. Work out:
a) 0.75 × 0.1 b) 3.7 × 0.001 c) 0.9 × 0.001

d) 28.06 × 0.01 e) 0.07 × 0.1 f) 0.01 × 0.01
a) 84 × ________ = 0.84 b) 231 × ________ = 2.31
c) 0.3 × ________ = 0.0003 d) ________ × 0.01 = 4.002
e) ________ × 0.1 = 8.9 f) ________ × 0.001 = 0.1
6. Complete these statements using one of these symbols: < > =

a) 400 × 0.1 4000 b) 0.25 × 0.1 0.0205
c) 52 × 0.01 52 ÷ 1000 d) 90 × 0.01 9 × 0.1
extra
7. Which of these operations will turn 4.72 into an integer? challenge
1
a) ÷ 100 b) × 0.1 c) × 100
d) × 100
8. Calculate the following, giving your answer as a decimal:

1 1 1
a) 12 × 10
b) 15 × 100
c) 52.6 × 10
1 4 1 1 1
d) 0.3 × 10
e) 9 10 × 10
f) 72 × 10
× 10
12 1 1 1 9 1
g) 100
× 10
h) 34 10 × 100
i) 9 100 × 10
Multiplying by Powers of 10: Fill in the Gaps

Write an integer or decimal in each blank space to make each statement true:
A B 1
6 × 0.1 = 6 ÷ _____ 9 × 100
= 9 × _____
C D 1
12 ÷ 1000 = 12 × _____ 17 × _____ = 17 × 10
E F 1
80 × 0.1 = 0.8 × _____ 900 × 100
= 90 × _____
G H
7 26
7 ÷ 100 = 10
× _____ 100
× 100 = _____
I J 1
5 ÷ 100 = 0.5 × _____ ____ × 10
= 15 ÷ 100
K L
2 1 13
2 10 × 0.1 = _____ × 10 100
× 0.1 = 13 ÷ _____
M 1 1 N 1 1
52 10 × 10
= ______ ÷ 10 3 × 10
× 10
= 3 ÷ _____
O P 1
18 × 0.01 = _____ × 0.1 ____ × 100
= 8.7 ÷ 10
Q R
3 1 1
9 10 × 100 = ________ × 100
17 × 0.1 × 10
= 17 × ____
multiplying decimals each number is 10
times smaller...
...so the
example
answer is
100 times
Given that 28 × 14 = 392, calculate 2.8 × 1.4 = 3.92 smaller
exercise 2e
1. Fill in the blanks:
a) 4.5 is _____ times smaller than 45 d) 800 is ______ times bigger than 0.8
b) 2 is _____ times smaller than 200 e) _____ is 1000 times bigger than 0.75
c) 1.9 is _____ times bigger than 0.19 f) 9.4 is 100 times smaller than ______
2. Given that 17 × 24 = 408, work out the value of:

a) 1.7 × 24 b) 17 × 0.24
c) 1.7 × 2.4 d) 0.17 × 2.4

a) 0.35 × 46 b) 4.6 × 0.035
c) 350 × 4.6 d) 0.35 × 4600
4. Given that 92 × 186 = 17,112, work out the value of:
a) 9.2 × 1.86 b) 920 × 18.6
c) 0.92 × 186 d) 0.092 × 1860
5. Compared with the answer to 64 × 18, the answer to 6.4 × 1.8 would be:
a) 10 times smaller b) 100 times smaller c) 1000 times smaller
6. Compared with the answer to 23 × 2.4, the answer to 2.3 × 2.4 would be:
7. If 18 × 2.3 = 41.4, which of these also equal 41.4? Circle all that apply.
a) 1.8 × 2.3 b) 1.8 × 23 c) 0.18 × 23 d) 1.8 × 230
8. Given that 6 × 28 = 168 , fill in the blanks:
a) _____ × 28 = 16.8 b) 6 × _____ = 1.68
example Calculate 9 × 0.03
If the base calculation is not given, ...Think 9 × 3 = 27, but 0.03 is 100 times
work it out first.... smaller, so 9 × 0.03 = 0.27
exercise 2f
1. Work out:
a) 7 × 0.2 b) 9 × 0.03 c) 0.4 × 6
d) 0.04 × 3 e) 6 × 0.3 f) 0.07 × 4
g) 15 × 0.03 h) 12 × 0.4 i) 11 × 0.3
2. Decide whether these statements are true or false:
a) 0.6 × 100 = 6 b) 0.2 × 0.4 = 0.8
c) 0.3 × 4 = 0.12 d) 0.05 × 0.3 = 0.015
e) 0.6 × 6 = 3.6 f) 0.5 × 0.5 = 2.5
3. Fill in the missing boxes to make these statements true:
a) 0.6 × = 1.8 b) 1.2 × = 6
c) 0.3 × = 0.24 d) 0.5 × = 0.3
e) 0.8 × = 0.64 f) 1.5 × = 0.015
4. Work out:
24 5 4 9
a) × 10 b) 6 × c) ×
100 100 10 10
3 12 2
d) 0.5 × e) × 20 f) 1 × 5
10 100 10
5. True or false? 8 × 0.05 is half of 8 × 0.1
6. True or false? 0.04 × 4 is one tenth of 4 × 4.
7. Is each of these calculations less than, or greater than 1? < >

a) 800 × 0.4 1 b) 90 × 0.002 1
c) 0.06 × 300 1 d) 0.004 × 700 1
multiplying decimals additional practice
1. Given that 0.42 × 85 = 35.7, work out:
a) 42 × 85 b) 42 × 0.85 c) 8.5 × 0.042
2. Given that 2.9 × 0.8 = 2.32, work out:
a) 29 × 80 b) 8 × 0.29 c) 290 × 8
4. Calculate:
a) 8 × 0.3 e) 0.8 × 0.3 i) 0.07 × 0.7
b) 4 × 0.05 f) 0.04 × 8 j) 4.5 × 0.2
c) 0.4 × 7 g) 0.2 × 0.04 k) 0.25 × 0.8
d) 5 × 0.06 h) 0.12 × 0.3 l) 2.5 × 40
5. Which of the following are equal to 2.85 × 41.6? Circle all that apply.
a) 28.5 × 416 c) 28.5 × 41.6 e) (285 ÷ 10) × 41.6
b) 0.285 × 4.16 d) 2.85 × 4.16 × 10 f) (2.85 × 4160) ÷ 100
6. True or False: 49 × 6.5 = 49 × 65 ÷ 10
7. Which of the following is equal to : 4 × 10 × 3 ÷ 1000?
a) 12 ÷ 10 b) 12 × 10 c) 12 d) 12 ÷ 100
8. True or False: 0.1 × 0.2 × 0.3 = 6 ÷ 1000.
9. True or False: 0.4 × 0.8 = 3.2
10. True or False: If two decimal numbers are multiplied, the answer will always
be a decimal number.
11. If 4.27 and 0.63 are multiplied, how many decimal places will the answer have?
Explain how you know.
Explain how you know.
13. True or False: Multiplying a number by something always makes it bigger.

Explain your answer.
Decimal Multiplication Arithmagons
Complete the arithmagons so that the numbers in the pink circles multiply
together to make the numbers in the blue rectangles between them.
a) b) c)
0.2 0.3 0.1
6 0.4 0.6 3 0.5 8
d) e) f)
0.6 0.4 6
1.6 1.8
7 0.5 0.3 0.5
g) h) i)
0.2 0.6
0.15 0.06 0.3
0.9 3 0.9 0.4
j) k) l)
0.2
0.8 0.06 0.16 0.2
0.8 0.4 0.3 0.5
Decimals Grid Puzzles
1. Put the numbers below into
the empty boxes, so that all the
statements are true.
1.2 0.015
0.75 0.04
6 0.03
7.5 0.3
1.5 0.4
2. Complete the empty boxes, so that all the statements are true. extra
challenge
Pay CAREFUL ATTENTION to the direction of the arrows.
the effect of dividing by 0.5, 0.1, 0.01 and 0
learn by heart examples
Dividing by 0.5 is like doubling Calculate Calculate Calculate

Dividing by 0.1 is like multiplying by 10 12 ÷ 0.5 12 ÷ 0.1 12 ÷ 0.01
Dividing by 0 is undefined = 24 = 120 = 1200
exercise 2g
1. Calculate, if possible:
9
a) 8 ÷ 0.5 e) i) 15 ÷ 0
0.5
7
b) 12 ÷ 0.1 f) j) 0 ÷ 15
0.1
9
c) 4 ÷ 0.01 g) k) 0.2 ÷ 0.5
0.01
d) 0.23 ÷ 0.1 h) 6.1 ÷ 0.5 l) 0.1 ÷ 0.1
2. True or false?
a) 18 ÷ 0.5 = 9 c) 4 ÷ 0.5 = 8
b) 6 ÷ 0.1 = 0.6 d) 84 ÷ 0.01 = 840
3. Which of these cannot be calculated?
a) 8 ÷ 0.3 b) 8 ÷ 0.01 c) 8 ÷ 900 d) 8 ÷ 0
4. Calculate
8.6
a) 18 ÷ 0.01 c) 0.5 ÷ 0.5 e)
0.01
0.039
b) 1.3 ÷ 0.01 d) 0.3 ÷ 0.1 f)
0.01
5. True or false? Division always makes things smaller.
6. Which of these give an answer of 190? Circle all that apply.

19 19 19 19 19
a) b) c) d) e)
100 10 1 1.0 0.1
7. Dividing by 0.1 is the same as multiplying by _____.
8. Dividing by 0.01 is the same as multiplying by _____.
9. Dividing by ______ is the same as doubling.
10. Complete the sentence: Dividing 32 by 0.1 has the same effect as...
a) multiplying by 10 c) adding 10
b) dividing by 10 d) subtracting 10.
11. Calculate:
a) 3 ÷ 0.01 c) 0.5 ÷ 0.5 e) 0 ÷ 0.1
b) 12 ÷ 0.5 d) 0.1 ÷ 0 f) 0.2 ÷ 0.5
12. Dividing 25 by ____ will give an answer bigger than 25. Choose from below:
a) 100 b) 25 c) 1 d) 0.5 e) 0.1
13. To work out 6 ÷ 0.1, we could calculate:
a) 6 × 0.1 b) 6 ÷ 1 c) 6 ÷ 10 d) 6 × 10
14. Calculate:
9 14 3
a) ÷ 0.1 b) ÷ 0.1 c) 1 ÷ 0.1
10 100 10
4 8 1
d) ÷ 0.5 e) ÷ 0.01 f) 2 ÷ 0.5
10 100 10
matching activity
A B C 300 3
6 ÷ 0.5 6 × 0.5 6 ÷ 10
0.3 180
D E F
3 ÷ 0.01 0.6 × 0.3 18 ÷ 0.1
600 6
G H I
6 ÷ 0.01 12 ÷ 0.01 3 × 0.5 12 30
J K L 1200 0.6
3 ÷ 0.5 3 × 0.1 3 ÷ 0.1
0.18 1.5
Record your answers here:
the effect of division: changing the divisor
learn by heart
dividend or numerator
When dividing 2 numbers, we can call the numbers
divisor denominator
When dividing 2 numbers, as the divisor gets smaller, the answer gets bigger
example
268 268
Given that = 67, work out 14 14
4 0.04 Which is larger: or ?
7 0.7
14 is larger because it
The divisor is 100 times smaller, the answer 0.7
will be 100 times bigger, so 6700 has a smaller divisor.
exercise 2h
12
1. Given that = 4, work out:
3
12 12 12
a) d) g)
0.3 30 3.0
12 12 12
b) e) h)
0.03 300 6
84
2. Given that = 10.5, work out:
8
84 84 84
a) b) c)
80 0.8 8.0
306
3. Given that 17
= 18, calculate:
306 306 306

a) c) e)
1.7 0.17 1700
306 306 306

b) d) f)
170 17.0 51
238
4. Which of these will be 10 times larger than ?
14
238 238 238 238

a) b) c) d)
1400 140 14.0 1.4
a) 62 ÷ 0.1 b) 62 ÷ 0.01 c) 62 ÷ 10 d) 62 ÷ 1.0
6. Calculate:
12 12 12 12
a) b) c) d)
2 20 200 2000
7. Calculate:
a) 15 ÷ 0.3 b) 18 ÷ 0.06 c) 4 ÷ 0.2
8. If 8 ÷ 4 = 2, then 8 ÷ 40 = _______
9. Calculate:
a) 49 ÷ 0.7 d) 15 ÷ 0.03 g) 18 ÷ 0.9
b) 49 ÷ 0.07 e) 15 ÷ 0.3 h) 18 ÷ 0.09
c) 49 ÷ 70 f) 15 ÷ 30 i) 18 ÷ 90
27
10. Which of these is 100 times smaller than ?
0.4
27 27 27 27
a) b) c) d)
4 40 400 4000
18
50
18 18 18 18
a) b) c) d)
0.5 5 500 5000
12. Calculate:
12 27
a) 18 ÷ 0.9 b) 36 ÷ 1.2 c) d)
0.06 0.03
13. Dividing by _____ is the same as multiplying by 10
14. Dividing by _____ is undefined
28
15. is 100 times bigger than....
4
28 28 28 28
a) b) c) d)
4.00 0.4 0.04 400
b b
16. Given that = 4.1, = ______
12 6
Dividing by a Decimal code box
Code Breaker 0 = 20 = 50 = 300 =

change to are world
Calculate the following and find your
answer in the code box. 2 = 22 = 70 = 320 =
Write the word in the yellow box the last past door
to reveal an inspirational message!
2.5 = 25 = 100 = 450 =
do river crazy game
a)
15
0.5
30 =
= ______ The 8 = 30 = 120 = 600 =
on the people believe
b) 12 = ______ = 10 = 40 = 200 = 640 =

0.1 they who fairy between
11 = 45 = 250 = 700 =
c) 8 = ______ =
every time can who
0.2
12 = 48 = 270 = 1000 =
15 enough ones snow partner
d) = ______ =
0.3
l) 9 = ______ =
e) 10 = ______ = 0.3
0.1
m) 36 = ______ =
f) 6 = ______ = 0.12
0.5
20
n) = ______ =
12 = ______ = 0.4
g)
0.6
16 = ______ =
o)
8.0
6 = ______ =
h)
0.01
24 = ______ =
p)
0.5
i) 9 = ______ =
0.9
7 = ______ =
q)
0.01
j) 25 = ______ =
0.1 0.25 = ______ =
r)
0.1
0 = ______ =
k) - Quote by Steve Jobs
0.3
the effect of division: changing the dividend
learn by heart
dividend numerator
When dividing 2 numbers, we can call the numbers or
divisor denominator
When dividing 2 numbers, as the dividend gets smaller, the answer gets smaller
examples
8 10
Which is more, 3
or 3
? Given that
268
= 67, work out
2.68
4 4
10
is larger because the The dividend is 100 times smaller, so the
3
dividend is larger answer will be 100 times smaller, so 0.67
exercise 2i
16
1. Given that = 3.2, calculate:
5
160 1600 16.0

a) c) e)
5 5 5
1.6 0.16 1.60

b) d) f)
5 5 5
2. Which is larger: 42 ÷ 8 or 420 ÷ 8 ? Explain your answer.
21 2.1
3. Which is larger: or ? Explain your answer.
0.6 0.6
4. Which of the following is largest?
18 180 1.8 0.18

a) b) c) d)
45 45 45 45
5. Given that 243 ÷ 9 = 27, work out the value of:
a) 24.3 ÷ 9 b) 2430 ÷ 9 c) 0.243 ÷ 9
a) 41.4 ÷ 23 b) 41,400 ÷ 23 c) 0.414 ÷ 23

120 0.12 12 1.2
a) b) c) d)
65 65 65 65
8. Calculate:
360 3.6 36.0

a) c) e)
3 3 3
3600 0.36
b) d) f) 3.6 million ÷ 3
3 3
9. Calculate:
a) 1.5 ÷ 3 d) 0.55 ÷ 11 g) 1500 ÷ 5
b) 2.4 ÷ 12 e) 1.8 ÷ 9 h) 0.49 ÷ 7
c) 440 ÷ 11 f) 2.7 ÷ 3 i) 8.1 ÷ 9
18
10. is 100 times bigger than...
6
180 1800 1.8 0.18

a) b) c) d)
6 6 6 6
11. Fill in the gaps with > , < or =
6 12 1.8 1.9
a) ____ d) ____
8 8 15 15
12 19 16 1.6
b) ____ e) ____
35 35 4.6 4.6
14 1400 0.9 0.84

c) ____ f) ____
0.1 0.1 15 15
12. Put these in order of size, starting with the smallest:
A B C D
15 1.5 150 0.15
7 7 7 7
19 0.19
13. Compared with , the answer to is :
4.5 4.5
a) 100 times smaller c) 10 times smaller
b) 100 times bigger d) 10 times bigger
the effect of changing dividend or divisor (mixed practice)
examples
42 42 42 420
Given that 12
= 3.5, work out 1.2
Given that 12
= 3.5, work out 12
The divisor is 10 × smaller, so the The dividend is 10 × bigger, so the

answer will be 10 × bigger, i.e. 35 answer will be 10 × bigger, i.e. 35
exercise 2j

45 45 45 45
a) b) c) d)
0.7 7 700 7.0
2. Given that 63 ÷ 42 = 1.5, work out the value of:
a) 6300 ÷ 42 b) 6.3 ÷ 42 c) 63 ÷ 4.2

84
3. Given that 8
= 10.5, work out:
84 84 84
a) b) c)
80 0.8 8.0
62
4. Given that 5
= 12.4, work out:
6.2 620 0.62

a) b) c)
5 5 5
5. Calculate:
a) 45 ÷ 0.1 b) 7 ÷ 0.5 c) 1.9 ÷ 10
6. Dividing 32 by ____ will produce the largest answer. Choose from below.
a) 1.0 b) 0.1 c) 0.01 d) 0.001
7. The answer to 23 could be made bigger by...

4.5
a) increasing the denominator c) halving the denominator
b) increasing the numerator d) adding a zero to the end of the denominator

8
8. Which of these are 10 times bigger than 0.4
? Circle all that apply.
8 80 8 800 8
a) b) c) d) e)
4 0.4 0.04 0.4 0.40
dividing decimals practice
example
Work out 15 ÷ 0.3 Start with a whole number 'base' calculation
15 ÷ 3 = 5 Think what the effect is of changing one of

15 ÷ 0.3 = 50 the numbers to a decimal, in this case, it
makes the answer 10 times bigger.
exercise 2k
1. Work out:
a) 30 ÷ 5 c) 30 ÷ 50 e) 3 ÷ 5
b) 30 ÷ 0.5 d) 30 ÷ 0.05 f) 0.3 ÷ 5
2. Work out:
a) 36 ÷ 0.6 c) 49 ÷ 70 e) 27 ÷ 0.9
b) 36 ÷ 0.06 d) 49 ÷ 700 f) 27 ÷ 0.09
4. Work out:
a) 1.5 ÷ 3 c) 2.1 ÷ 7 e) 10.8 ÷ 9
b) 0.15 ÷ 3 d) 0.21 ÷ 7 f) 0.108 ÷ 9
5. Which of these will have the largest answer?
a) 0.2 ÷ 4 b) 0.20 ÷ 4 c) 2 ÷ 4 d) 0.22 ÷ 4
6. Work out:
a) 4.2 ÷ 6 d) 5.5 ÷ 11 g) 250 ÷ 5
b) 420 ÷ 6 e) 55 ÷ 0.11 h) 2.5 ÷ 5
c) 42 ÷ 0.6 f) 55 ÷ 1.1 i) 25 ÷ 0.05
7. True or false?
a) 24 ÷ 0.3 > 24 ÷ 3 b) 32 ÷ 80 < 32 ÷ 8
16 1.6
8. is _____ times more than
9 9
1.2 1.2
9. is _____ times smaller than
50 0.5
10. Calculate:
a) 6 ÷ 0.03 h) 24 ÷ 0.3
b) 10 ÷ 0.2 i) 28 ÷ 0.02
d) 1.2 ÷ 4 k) 0.48 ÷ 6
f) 25 ÷ 0.5 m) 72 ÷ 0.09
g) 0.36 ÷ 6 n) 108 ÷ 1.2
8
11. Which of these is 10 times more than ?
1.8
80 8 8 8
a) b) c) d)
1.8 0.18 0.018 180
a) 24 ÷ 0.5 b) 8 ÷ 0.1 c) 3 ÷ 0 d) 4
0.5
13. Which number is it impossible to divide by?
matching activity
A B C 120 0.55
7.2 ÷ 9 0.64 ÷ 8 55 ÷ 0.1
0.4 0.08
D E F
5.5 ÷ 10 2.4 ÷ 6 12 ÷ 0.01
550 400
G H I 80 55
72 ÷ 0.6 56 ÷ 0.7 4 ÷ 0.01
40 0.12
J K L
0.24 ÷ 2 11 ÷ 0.2 28 ÷ 0.7
1200 0.8
Multiplying and Dividing Decimals Match
Work out each calculation and tick off your answers at the bottom as you go:
B C
A
42 ÷ 100 = _______ 6 0.3 × 0.4 = _______
= ____
0.1
D F
E 0.94 × 1000 = _______
12 = ____
0.3 8 × 0.2 = _______
I J
36 = ____ 18 = ____
G H
60 0.9
1.6 ÷ 2 = _______ 2.5 = ____
5
M
K 36 ÷ 0.1 = _______
0.08 × 3 = _______ L
9 = ____ N
O P
30 0.6 × 60 = _______
0 5
= ____ = ________
5 0
R
Q
0.2 × 900 = _______ 12 = ____
S 0.5
15 ÷ 300 = _______
T U
V W 0.4 ÷ 10 = _______ 4 = ____
6 = ____ 1.9 = ____ 200
0.02 0.1 X
0.8 = ____ Y
8 0.6 × 0.9 = _______
Z
2.2 ÷ 11 = _______
jumbled answers 180

0.1 19 0.05
36 0.5 0.6
undefined 20 0.2 940 0.54
0.42
0.3 0.12 300 360
0.02 40
0.04
1.6 24 0.8 0.24
60 0
the effect of division: changing divisor & dividend extra
challenge
example
45 450
Given that = 5, calculate
9 0.9
Bigger numerator ( × 10) = Bigger Answer ( × 10)
Smaller denominator ( ÷ 10) = Bigger Answer ( × 10)
So the answer is 100 times bigger = 500
exercise 2l
1. Given that 36 = 3, calculate:

12
a) 360 c) 3.6 e) 3600

1.2 120 1.2
3.6 0.36 3.6

b) d) f)
0.12 1.2 120
2. Calculate:
a) 180 ÷ 0.9 b) 0.18 ÷ 9 c) 1800 ÷ 90
3. Which of these is 10 times bigger than 26 ? Circle 2 answers.

5
a) 260 b) 26 c) 2.6 d) 2600

5 50 0.05 500
4. True or false?
a) 1.4 ÷ 0.7 = 2 d) 1.2 = 6

20
b) 250 ÷ 0.5 = 500 e) 1.2 = 0.06

20
c) 0.36 ÷ 6 = 0.6 f) 0.3 × 40 = 60

0.2
12
5. Given that 0.48
= 25, which of these also equal 25? Circle all that apply.
a) 120 b) 120 c) 1.2 d) 1.2

0.48 4.8 4.8 0.048
extra
Decimal Calculation Puzzles challenge
1. Write in order of size, smallest first. 2. Write in order of size, smallest first.
A 0.3 + 0.2 B 0.3 - 0.2 A 2.4 + 0.6 B 2.4 - 0.6
C 0.3 × 0.2 D 0.3 ÷ 0.1 C 2.4 × 0.6 D 2.4 ÷ 0.6
3. Complete without calculating: 4. Jack walks at a constant rate of

0.18km per minute. How far will he
a) 6.2 × 8 = 62 × ____ travel in 1 hour?
b) 0.57 × 0.9 = 9 × ____
c) 520 × 3.8 = 10.4 × ____
5. (a) What is a quarter of 1.11 ? 6. Work out the sum:
0.1 + 0.2 + 0.3 + ... + 0.12

(b) What is an eighth of 2.03 ?
7. A bat and ball together cost £1.10. 8. Two numbers have a product of
0.18 and a sum of 1.1. Work out
The bat costs £1 more than the the two numbers.
ball. How much do they cost
seperately?
9. Work out the missing values: 10. How many different digits appear
in the answer to the sum:
a) 5 ÷ _____ = 25
0.12 + 0.345
b) _____ ÷ 0.4 = 0.7
c) _____2 = 0.0144
clever calculation tricks 1 extra
challenge
learn by heart
125 × 8 = 1000 examples
25 × 4 = 100 Factorising: Related Calculations:

Calculate 16 × 25 Calculate 12.5 × 6
÷2
Factorise: Break = 4 × 4 × 25 ×2
a number down into = 4 × 100 = 25 × 3
smaller factors = 400 = 75
exercise 2n
1. Calculate by factorising:
a) 12 × 25 e) 64 × 125 i) 200 × 15
b) 20 × 15 f) 80 × 50 j) 25 × 160
c) 125 × 16 g) 24 × 25 k) 125 × 80
d) 25 × 20 h) 75 × 16 l) 375 × 8
a) 15 × 6 = 5 × ____ b) 25 × 12 = 5 × ____
c) 27 × 20 = 10 × ____ = _____ d) 50 × 16 = 100 × ____ = ____
e) 35 × 8 = 4 × ____ = _____ f) 20 × 15 = 100 × ____ = _____
g) 12 × 40 = 10 × ____ = ____ h) 14 × 20 = 10 × ____ = _____
i) 8 × ____ = 4 × 50 = ____ j) 25 × _____ = 100 × 4 = _____
challenges
a) 15000 ÷ 8 ÷ 125 b) (9006 × 423) - (423 × 9004)
challenge
learn by heart
To divide by 5: To multiply by 5:
divide by 10 and double multiply by 10 and halve
examples
Calculate 18 ÷ 5 Calculate (4 × 17) + (6 × 17) Calculate 99 × 42

= 18 ÷ 10 × 2 = 100 × 42 - 42
= 1.8 × 2 = 10 × 17 = 4200 - 42
= 3.6 = 170 = 4158
exercise 2o
1. Calculate:
a) (17 × 8) + (3 × 8) d) (23 × 14) - (14 × 3)
b) (14 × 6) - (4 × 6) e) (4 × 125) + (4 × 125)
c) (19 × 7) + (1 × 7) f) (30 × 25) + (25 × 10)
2. Calculate:
a) 42 ÷ 5 e) 21 ÷ 5 i) 850 ÷ 5
b) 9 × 17 f) 19 × 12 j) 2300 ÷ 5
c) 312 ÷ 5 g) 101 × 15 k) 23 × 201
d) 99 × 14 h) 41 × 7 l) 126 × 8
3. Calculate
a) (121 × 16) + (4 × 16) c) (10 × 126) - (2 × 126) e) 127 × 0.8
b) 41 × 250 d) 49 ÷ 3.5 f) 35 ÷ 14
Challenges
a) 4 × 35 × 15 b) 11 × 8 × 25 c) 251 × 16
chapter review
exercise 2p
1. Given that 24 × 46 = 1104, what is the value of 0.24 × 460?
a) 1104 b) 110.4 c) 11.04 d) 1.104
9 9
2. Which is larger or ? Explain your answer.
3 0.3
3. Which of the following is equal to 12 ÷ 0.4?
a) 30 b) 3 c) 0.3 d) 4.8
a) 8 ÷ 0.3 b) 8 ÷ 0.01 c) 8 ÷ 900 d) 8 ÷ 0
5. Calculate 1 - 0.083
6. Calculate:
a) 4.82 ÷ 100 c) 0.8 × 1000 e) 4.6 ÷ 10
b) 34.7 × 100 d) 208 ÷ 100 f) 9 ÷ 100
7. Calculate:
a) 6 × 0.1 d) 8 ÷ 0.2 g) 4.2 ÷ 7
b) 6 ÷ 0.1 e) 0.9 × 0.3 h) 4.2 ÷ 70
c) 8 × 0.2 f) 0.9 ÷ 0.3 i) 42 ÷ 0.7
8. Write each fraction as a decimal using short division:

1 4 4 1
a) b) c) d)
8 6 9 11
9. Dividing by 0.5 is the same as multiplying by _____
10. Dividing by ________ is the same as multiplying by 100
8
11. Which of these is 100 times more than 1.2
?
0.08 0.8 80 800

a) b) c) d)
1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
8
12. Use short division to write 5
as a decimal.
13. Calculate:
a) 0.406 × 1000 c) 42.5 ÷ 1000
b) 0.23 × 100 d) 12.5 × 4
14. Given that 3.8 × 8.5 = 32.3, what is the value of 380 × 85?
a) 323 b) 3230 c) 32,300 d) 323,000
15. Calculate:
12 15 2.4
a) b) c)
0.01 0.3 6
What's missing?
a) 6 × = 2.4 g) 0.5 × = 2
b) 0.2 × = 0.12 h) 0.4 × = 0.16
c) 0.8 × = 0.24 i) 0.03 × = 0.15
d) 0.4 × = 160 j) 5 × = 0.4
e) 6 × = 0.18 k) 0.09 × = 0.036
definitely wrong?
Six of these statements are definitely wrong, which ones?
A B C D
0 ÷ 9
3 ÷ 0.5 = 6 14 ÷ 0.1 = 14.1 12 ÷ 0.5 = 24
= undefined
E F G H
9 9 4 0.4
7 ÷ 0.1 = 70 15
> 16
12 ÷ 0 = 0 14
> 14
I J K L
4
12 ÷ 100 = 0.12 8 ÷ 0.5 = 4 6 ÷ 60 = 10 0.1
= 0.4
cumulative review (chapters 1 & 2)
exercise 2r
1. Write three million, eighteen thousand and six in digits.
2. Write as decimals:
1 9 3
a) 7 hundredths b) 10
c) 1000
d) 1 10
3. In each pair, circle the larger number:
a) 0.64 or 0.7 b) 0.203 or 0.21 c) 1.84 or 1.804
4. Which of these numbers has 2 significant figures?
a) 204 b) 1.08 c) 0.5 d) 0.60
5. Round each of these numbers to 1 significant figure:
a) 425 b) 0.456 c) 1900 d) 1.053

3 29
10
0.209 1000
0.29
7. Calculate:
a) 22.6 ÷ 5 b) 0.8 × 0.3 c) 1 ÷ 8 d) 0.1 × 3 9

10
8. Write as fractions or mixed numbers:
a) 0.1 b) 1.1 c) 1.01 d) 0.011
9. Calculate 106 ÷ 0.5
10. Write each of these using dot notation:
a) 0.49494... b) 0.603603603... c) 0.56666... d) 2.0324324324....
11. Complete each statement with > , < or =

13
a) 4.0 ____ 4 c) 0.203 ____ 0.23 e) 0.13 _____ 1000
4 6
b) 0.4 ____ 100
d) 5.6 ____ 5 10 f) 0.047 ____ 0.407
exercise 2s
1. Which of the following has 2 significant figures?
a) 4.0 b) 0.203 c) 209 d) 5.62
2. Write as a decimal:
4 8 29 29
a) b) 3 c) d)
100 1000 100 1000
3. Round 0.04099 to 3 significant figures.
4. Which of these numbers is half way between 0.3 and 0.31?
a) 0.35 b) 0.035 c) 0.315 d) 0.305
5. Calculate:
a) 1 - 0.1 b) 1 - 0.01 c) 1 - 0.001 d) 1 - 0.0001
6. Fill in the blanks with > , < or =
21 21 19 19
a) ____ c) ____
3 3.1 4.5 4.1
8 9 0.2 0.3
b) ____ d) ____
0.4 0.4 8 8
3
7. Which of the following is equal to 0.3 - ?
10
a) 0.03 b) 0.03 c) 0.03 d) 0.30
a) 820 × 7.6 b) 0.82 × 0.76 c) 8.2 × 7.7
200
16
200 2 2000
a) b) c)
160 16 1.6
0.2 20 2
d) e) f)
16 0.16 160
10. Estimate the positions of these numbers on the numberline below.
9 3
a) 0.42 b) 0.60 c) 10
d) 100
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

3 2 1 16
a) 100
b) 10
c) 100
d) 100
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3

2 185
a) 0.17 b) 0.145 c) 10
d) 1000
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.22

1 35
a) 1.2 b) 2.1 c) 3 10 d) 10
1 2 3 4 5

2 95
a) 2.6 b) 3.45 c) 3 10 d) 3 100
2.5 3 3.5 4

11 105
a) 1.01 b) 0.88 c) 10
d) 100
0.9 1 1.1
year 7 core curriculum
chapter 2: calculations
[Recommended Time: 10 - 12 hours]
Contents
Written Calculations: Addition / Subtraction of Decimals Page 2

Arrange the Digits extra
challenge Page 3
Written Calculations: Short Division Page 4
Multiplying and Dividing by 10,100,1000 Page 6
Multiplying by 0.1,0.01 extra
challenge Page 8
Multiplying by Powers of 10: Fill in the Gaps Page 9
Multiplying Decimals Page 10
Multiplying Decimals (Additional Practice) Page 12
Decimal Multiplication Arithmagons Page 13
Decimals Grid Puzzles Page 14
The Effect of Dividing by 0.5, 0.1, 0.01 and 0 Page 15
The Effect of Changing the Divisor Page 17
Dividing by a Decimal Code Breaker Page 19
The Effect of Changing the Dividend Page 20
The Effect of Changing Divisor / Dividend Mixed Practice Page 22
Dividing Decimals Practice Page 23
Multiplying & Dividing Decimals Match Page 25
extra
The Effect of Changing both Divisor & Dividend challenge Page 26
Decimal Calculation Puzzles extra
challenge Page 27
extra
Clever Calculation Tricks challenge Page 28
Chapter Review Page 30
Cumulative Review Page 32
Page 1 Answers www.MathsPad.co.uk

written calculations: addition / subtraction of decimals
examples
Calculate 8.2 - 1.64 Calculate 1 - 0.043 Which is closer to 1

0.98 or 1.04 ?
8.20 1.000
1.00 1.04
1.64 - 0.043 -
0.98 - 1.00 -
6.56 0.957
0.02 0.04
so 0.98 is closer because it is
only 0.02 away
exercise 2a
1. Which of the following is the correct calculation of 3847 - 554?

a) b) c) d)
3847 3847 3847 3847
554 - 554 - 554 - 554 -
2307 3313 -2 3 0 7 3293
2. Calculate:
a) 62 - 1.84 60.16 b) 2.05 - 1.9 0.15
c) 1 - 0.086 0.914 d) 30.004 - 9.26 20.744
3. Which of these is closest to 1? a) 0.91 b) 1.08 c) 1.004
1
4. Which of these is closest to 4? a) 4.02 b) 4 10 c) 3.97
49 0.19
5. Calculate - 0.3
100 89
100
= 0.89
6. Which is closer to 1? 89 1 - 0.89 = 0.11, so this is closer than
1.21 or
100
Explain your answer. 1.21, which is 0.21 away.
7. Which of these numbers is closest to 1?

a) 0.95 b) 1.02 c) 1.03 d) 0.985
challenge
8. Calculate
a) 4.2 - 1.02 3.2 b) 1.85 - 0.3? 1.52
9. Calculate:
a) 0. 895 - 0.005 0.89 b) 0.23 - 0.23 0.001 c) 0.356 - 0.312 0.0443

Arrange the Digits
extra
challenge
A. Place the digits

1 3 4 6 7
3 5 4 + 1 6 = 3 7
6 4
B. Place the digits
1 2 3 5 6
2 1 3 - 6 3 = 1 5
5 6
C. Place the digits
1 2 4 8 9
8 2 + 9 4 = 1 7 6
9 4 8 2
D. Place the digits
0 1 2 3 5
8 5 0 + 3 5 = 1 2
E. Place the digits

0 1 4 5 8
1 0 1 - 5 8 = 4 3
4 5
Very Tricky Calculation Puzzles extra

challenge
Below are three subtractions and one addition. Work out the missing digits:
a) b) c) d)
2. 134 0 . 727 1 . 192 6 . 526
1 . 568 - 0 . 63 - 3 . 058+ 0 . 799 -
0 . 566 0 . 097 4 . 250 5 . 727

written calculations: short division
learn by heart 3
...this means 3 ÷ 5
5
Fraction Bar: the line in a fraction - it means divide
examples
1
Write 8
as a decimal. Calculate half of 0.87 Which number is half way
between 35 and 82?
0 .1 2 5 0 .4 3 5
8 1 .10 2040 2 0 . 8 710
(35 + 82) ÷ 2
1 ÷ 8 = 0.125 = 0.435 = 117 ÷ 2 = 58.5
exercise 2b
1. Work out:
a) 448 ÷ 8 56 b) 211 ÷ 5 42.2 c) 941 ÷ 5 188.2
d) 218 ÷ 5 43.6 e) 4.5 ÷ 4 1.125 f) 0.0171 ÷ 3 0.0057
2. Use short division to write these fractions as decimals:

3 0.375 1 0.1666... 5 0.625 5 0.45
a) 8
b) 6
c) 8
d) 11
3. Calculate half of:

3 83
a) 0.85 0.425 b) 1.01 0.505 c) 2 10 1.15 d) 4 100 2.415
4. Find the number half way between:

3
a) 17 and 35 26 c) 82.5 and 91 86.75 e) 2.09 and 2 10 2.195
8
b) 143 and 641 392 d) 1.801 and 1.84 1.8205 f) 5.8 and 5 100 5.44

4 1
a) 9
b) 0.39 c) 0.45 d) 3
6. Which of these are recurring decimals? All of them

1 2 1 4
a) 3
b) 3
c) 6
d) 9
7. Put these numbers in order of size, starting with the smallest:

3 3
a) 0.30 b) c) d) 0.029 D, C, B, A
10 11
challenging
1
1. Write as a decimal. 0.0625
16
3 recurring
2. Is a recurring or terminating decimal?
22
3. Can you work out half of 0.8? 0.4
4. Can you work out half of 0.5? 0.27
5. Complete the statements:

52.5 is half way between 42 and 63
a) _____
0.28 and 0.72

b) 0.5 is half way between _____
0.78 and 2.22

c) 1.5 is half way between _____
6. Calculate the following using short division. What do you notice?
a) 1 ÷ 9 0.1 d) 4 ÷ 9 0.4 g) 7 ÷ 9 0.7
b) 2 ÷ 9 0.2 e) 5 ÷ 9 0.5 h) 8 ÷ 9 0.8
c) 3 ÷ 9 0.3 f) 6 ÷ 9 0.6 i) 9 ÷ 9 0.9 = 1
10
7. Given the pattern above, can you work out 9
without using short division? 1.1
13
8. Can you work out 9
in a similar way? 1.4
Fractions & Decimals Match 0.3 0.3

Match each fraction to its decimal equivalent.
Record your pairs in a table, starting with the smallest number.
2 0.4
9
1
0.2 0.2 3
10 0.1 1 2 3
0.35 1 1 1
5 4 10
5 5 0.6 3 8
Start with the 2
0.25 4 35 0.6 1
smallest 3 9 100 9
0.4 0.125 0.1
decimal here
Decimal 0.1 0.1 0.125 0.2 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6
1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 35 2 4 3 2
Fraction 10 9 8 5 9 4 10 3 100 5 9 5 3

multiplying and dividing by 10, 100, 1000...
learn by heart
× 10 × 10 × 10 × 10 × 10
hundreds tens units tenths hundredths thousandths
100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
÷ 10 ÷ 10 ÷ 10 ÷ 10 ÷ 10
examples
34 × 100 = 3400 10 × 5.902 = 59.02 0.84 × 1000 = 840
1700 ÷ 10 = 170 439 ÷ 100 = 4.39 0.7 ÷ 1000 = 0.0007
exercise 2c
1. Work out:
a) 84 × 10 840 b) 9.1 × 1000 9,100 c) 60 × 100 60,000

d) 1700 ÷ 100 17 e) 45 ÷ 10 4.5 f) 300 ÷ 1000 0.3
g) 10,000 ÷ 100 100 h) 120 ÷ 1000 0.12 j) 907 ÷ 10 90.7

100
a) 65 × _______ = 6500 10
b) 2710 ÷ _______ = 271
9560 × 10 = 95,600
c) _______ 2000 ÷ 100 = 20
d) _______
1000 = 0.45
e) 450 ÷ _______ 29
f) 1000 × _______ = 29,000
3. Removing the decimal point makes which number 100 times bigger?
a) 43.1 b) 1.92 c) 0.4 d) 5.904
4. If a zero is added to the end of one of these numbers, its value will stay the same.
Which number?
a) 3 b) 42 c) 0.9 d) 10
5. Work out:
a) 2.7 × 10 27 c) 0.5 × 100 50 e) 1.250 ÷ 10 0.125
b) 9.02 ÷ 10 0.902 d) 1.1 ÷ 1000 0.0011 f) 0.007 × 100 0.7

6. Complete these statements:
1000
a) 450 is _________ times smaller than 450,000
1000
b) 80 is ________ times bigger than 0.08
100
c) 0.037 is ________ times smaller
____________ than 3.7
1000
d) 1.004 is ________ times smaller
____________ than 1004
1320
e) 13.2 is 100 times smaller than ________
0.0085
f) 0.85 is 100 times bigger than _______

1000 = 430
a) 0.43 × _______ 10
b) 50.7 ÷ _______ = 5.07
8320 ÷ 100 = 83.2
c) _______ 0.52
d) _______ × 10 = 5.2
2300 ÷ 1000 = 2.3
e) _______ 0.4
f) 100 × _______ = 40
8. Complete: 0.48 × 100 = 480,000 ÷ 10,000

______
9. Calculate 4859.6 × 1,000 ÷ 1000 4859.6
10. Calculate:
a) 1.23 × 10 12.32 b) 4.3 ÷ 100 0.043 c) 96.526 ÷ 10 9.652
1000
11. Fill in the blank: 0.034 × ________ = 34.4
matching activity
A B C 4500 0.045
0.45 × 10 20.6 ÷ 100 4.5 × 100
450 45
D E F
450 ÷ 1000 0.45 × 100 4.5 ÷ 100
4.5 0.45
G H I
4.5 × 1000 2.6 × 100 260 ÷ 1000 26 2.06
J K L 0.206 260
206 ÷ 100 2.06 × 100 0.026 × 1000
0.26 206
Record your answers in a table:
4.5 0.206 450 0.45 45 0.045 4500 260 0.26 2.06 206 26
multiplying by 0.1,0.01 etc extra
challenge
learn by heart
1
0.1 = 1 tenth = 10
and so mutiplying by 0.1 is the same as dividing by 10
Multiplying by 0.1 Multiplying by 0.01 Multiplying by 0.001

is equivalent to is equivalent to is equivalent to
dividing by 10 dividing by 100 dividing by 1000
examples
432 × 0.1 86.04 × 0.01 1

× 5060 = 5060 ÷ 1000
= 43.2 = 0.8604 1000
= 5.06
exercise 2d
1. Work out:
a) 7600 × 0.1 760 b) 8301 × 0.01 83.01 c) 432 × 0.1 43.2
d) 97,000 × 0.001 97 e) 420 × 0.01 4.2 f) 604 × 0.001 0.604
a) 507 × 0.01 b) 0.507 × 0.1 c) 57 × 0.1 d) 5.07 × 1
a) 68 × 0.1 b) 0.068 × 0.1 c) 680 × 0.001 d) 680 × 0.01
4. Work out:
a) 0.75 × 0.1 0.075 b) 3.7 × 0.001 0.0037 c) 0.9 × 0.001 0.0009

d) 28.06 × 0.01 0.2806 e) 0.07 × 0.1 0.007 f) 0.01 × 0.01 0.0001
0.01
a) 84 × ________ = 0.84 0.01
b) 231 × ________ = 2.31
0.001
c) 0.3 × ________ = 0.0003 400.2
d) ________ × 0.01 = 4.002
89
e) ________ × 0.1 = 8.9 100
f) ________ × 0.001 = 0.1
6. Complete these statements using one of these symbols: < > =

a) 400 × 0.1 < 4000 b) 0.25 × 0.1 > 0.0205
c) 52 × 0.01 > 52 ÷ 1000 d) 90 × 0.01 = 9 × 0.1

extra
7. Which of these operations will turn 4.72 into an integer? challenge
1
a) ÷ 100 b) × 0.1 c) × 100
d) × 100
8. Calculate the following, giving your answer as a decimal:
a) 12 ×
1
1.2 b) 15 ×
1
0.15 c) 52.6 ×
1 5.26
10 100 10
1 4 1 1 1
d) 0.3 × 10
0.03 e) 9 10 × 10
0.94 f) 72 × 10
× 10 0.72
12 1 1 1 0.341 9 1
g) × 0.012 h) 34 10 × i) 9 100 × 0.99
100 10 100 10
Multiplying by Powers of 10: Fill in the Gaps

Write an integer or decimal in each blank space to make each statement true:
A B 1
10
6 × 0.1 = 6 ÷ _____ 9 × 0.01
= 9 × _____
100
C D
0.001 1
12 ÷ 1000 = 12 × _____ 0.1
17 × _____ = 17 × 10
E F 1 0.1
10
80 × 0.1 = 0.8 × _____ 900 × = 90 × _____
100
G H
7 26 26
7 ÷ 100 = 10
× _____
0.1
100
× 100 = _____
I J
1.5 × 1
5 ÷ 100 = 0.5 × _____
0.1 ____ 10
= 15 ÷ 100
K L
2 2.2 × 1 13
2 10 × 0.1 = _____ 10 100
× 0.1 = 13 ÷ _____
1000
M 1 1 N 1 1
52 10 × 52.1 ÷ 10
= ______ 3 × × = 3 ÷ _____
100
10 10 10
O P
1.8 1
18 × 0.01 = _____ × 0.1 87 ×
____ = 8.7 ÷ 10
100
Q R
3 1 1 0.01
93,000 ×
9 10 × 100 = ________ 17 × 0.1 × = 17 × ____
100 10

multiplying decimals each number is 10
times smaller...
...so the
example
answer is
100 times
Given that 28 × 14 = 392, calculate 2.8 × 1.4 = 3.92 smaller
exercise 2e
10 times smaller than 45

a) 4.5 is _____ d) 800 is ______
1000 times bigger than 0.8
100 times smaller than 200

b) 2 is _____ 750 is 1000 times bigger than 0.75
e) _____
10
c) 1.9 is _____ times bigger than 0.19 940
f) 9.4 is 100 times smaller than ______

a) 1.7 × 24 40.8 b) 17 × 0.24 4.08
c) 1.7 × 2.4 4.08 d) 0.17 × 2.4 0.408

a) 0.35 × 46 16.1 b) 4.6 × 0.035 0.161
c) 350 × 4.6 1610 d) 0.35 × 4600 1610
4. Given that 92 × 186 = 17,112, work out the value of:
a) 9.2 × 1.86 17.112 b) 920 × 18.6 17,112
c) 0.92 × 186 171.12 d) 0.092 × 1860 171.12
5. Compared with the answer to 64 × 18, the answer to 6.4 × 1.8 would be:
6. Compared with the answer to 23 × 2.4, the answer to 2.3 × 2.4 would be:
7. If 18 × 2.3 = 41.4, which of these also equal 41.4? Circle all that apply.
a) 1.8 × 2.3 b) 1.8 × 23 c) 0.18 × 23 d) 1.8 × 230
8. Given that 6 × 28 = 168 , fill in the blanks:
0.6 × 28 = 16.8
a) _____ 0.28 = 1.68
b) 6 × _____

example Calculate 9 × 0.03
If the base calculation is not given, ...Think 9 × 3 = 27, but 0.03 is 100 times
work it out first.... smaller, so 9 × 0.03 = 0.27
exercise 2f
1. Work out:
a) 7 × 0.2 1.4 b) 9 × 0.03 0.27 c) 0.4 × 6 2.4
d) 0.04 × 3 0.12 e) 6 × 0.3 1.8 f) 0.07 × 4 0.28
g) 15 × 0.03 0.45 h) 12 × 0.4 4.8 i) 11 × 0.3 3.3
2. Decide whether these statements are true or false:
a) 0.6 × 100 = 6 False b) 0.2 × 0.4 = 0.8 False
c) 0.3 × 4 = 0.12 False d) 0.05 × 0.3 = 0.015 True
e) 0.6 × 6 = 3.6 True f) 0.5 × 0.5 = 2.5 False
a) 0.6 × 3 = 1.8 b) 1.2 × 5 = 6
c) 0.3 × 0.8 = 0.24 d) 0.5 × 0.6 = 0.3
e) 0.8 × 0.8 = 0.64 f) 1.5 × 0.01 = 0.015
4. Work out:
a)
24
× 10 2.4 b) 6 ×
5 0.3 c)
4
×
9 0.36
100 100 10 10
3 12 2
d) 0.5 × 0.15 e) × 20 2.4 f) 1 × 5 6
10 100 10
5. True or false? 8 × 0.05 is half of 8 × 0.1 True
6. True or false? 0.04 × 4 is one tenth of 4 × 4. False (it's one hundredth)
7. Is each of these calculations less than, or greater than 1? < >

a) 800 × 0.4 > 1 b) 90 × 0.002 < 1
c) 0.06 × 300 > 1 d) 0.004 × 700 > 1

multiplying decimals additional practice
a) 42 × 85 3570 b) 42 × 0.85 35.7 c) 8.5 × 0.042 0.357
2. Given that 2.9 × 0.8 = 2.32, work out:
a) 29 × 80 2320 b) 8 × 0.29 2.32 c) 290 × 8 2320
4. Calculate:
a) 8 × 0.3 2.4 e) 0.8 × 0.3 0.24 i) 0.07 × 0.7 0.049
b) 4 × 0.05 0.2 f) 0.04 × 8 0.32 j) 4.5 × 0.2 0.9
c) 0.4 × 7 2.8 g) 0.2 × 0.04 0.008 k) 0.25 × 0.8 0.2
d) 5 × 0.06 0.3 h) 0.12 × 0.3 0.036 l) 2.5 × 40 100
5. Which of the following are equal to 2.85 × 41.6? Circle all that apply.
a) 28.5 × 416 c) 28.5 × 41.6 e) (285 ÷ 10) × 41.6
b) 0.285 × 4.16 d) 2.85 × 4.16 × 10 f) (2.85 × 4160) ÷ 100
6. True or False: 49 × 6.5 = 49 × 65 ÷ 10 True
7. Which of the following is equal to : 4 × 10 × 3 ÷ 1000?
a) 12 ÷ 10 b) 12 × 10 c) 12 d) 12 ÷ 100
8. True or False: 0.1 × 0.2 × 0.3 = 6 ÷ 1000. True
9. True or False: 0.4 × 0.8 = 3.2 False
10. True or False: If two decimal numbers are multiplied, the answer will always
be a decimal number. False, e.g. 1.25 × 0.8 = 1
Explain how you know. 4, if we start wtih 427 × 63, we would the need to reduce the answer by 100 × 100,
which would move the decimal point 4 times.
Explain how you know. 2, if we start wtih 865 × 4, we would the need to reduce the answer by 100 × 10, which
would move the decimal point 3 times, however the last digit will be a zero since 5 × 4 = 20..
13. True or False: Multiplying a number by something always makes it bigger.

Explain your answer. False, when multiplying a positive number by a decimal between 0
and 1, the result is smaller. Also, if one of the numbers is negative,
the solution mayAnswers
be smaller.
Decimal Multiplication Arithmagons
Complete the arithmagons so that the numbers in the pink circles multiply
together to make the numbers in the blue rectangles between them.
a) b) c)
0.2 0.3 0.1
1.2 0.08 0.18 0.9 0.05 0.8
6 2.4 0.4 0.6 1.8 3 0.5 0.4 8
d) e) f)
0.6 0.4 6
4.2 0.3 0.12 1.6 1.8 3
7 3.5 0.5 0.3 1.2 4 0.3 0.15 0.5
g) h) i)
0.05 0.2 0.6
0.045 0.15 0.06 0.18 0.24 0.3
0.9 2.7 3 0.3 0.27 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.5
j) k) l)
0.2 0.2 0.4
0.8 0.06 0.16 0.1 0.24 0.2
4 1.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.5

Decimals Grid Puzzles
1. Put the numbers below into
the empty boxes, so that all the
6
statements are true.
1.2 0.015
1.2 0.4 0.75
0.75 0.04
6 0.03 0.3 0.04 7.5
7.5 0.3
0.03 0.015 1.5
1.5 0.4
2. Complete the empty boxes, so that all the statements are true. extra
challenge
Pay CAREFUL ATTENTION to the direction of the arrows.
0.3 0.55
1 2.95 5.5 0.05
0.1 0.031 0.55 1.25
0.065 0.025 0.25 2.5

the effect of dividing by 0.5, 0.1, 0.01 and 0
learn by heart examples
Dividing by 0.5 is like doubling Calculate Calculate Calculate

Dividing by 0.1 is like multiplying by 10 12 ÷ 0.5 12 ÷ 0.1 12 ÷ 0.01
Dividing by 0 is undefined = 24 = 120 = 1200
exercise 2g
a) 8 ÷ 0.5 16 e)
9 18 i) 15 ÷ 0 undefined
0.5
7 70
b) 12 ÷ 0.1 120 f) j) 0 ÷ 15 0
0.1
400 9 0.4
c) 4 ÷ 0.01 g) 900 k) 0.2 ÷ 0.5
0.01
d) 0.23 ÷ 0.1 2.3 h) 6.1 ÷ 0.5 12.2 l) 0.1 ÷ 0.1 1
2. True or false?
a) 18 ÷ 0.5 = 9 False c) 4 ÷ 0.5 = 8 True
b) 6 ÷ 0.1 = 0.6 False d) 84 ÷ 0.01 = 840 False
a) 8 ÷ 0.3 b) 8 ÷ 0.01 c) 8 ÷ 900 d) 8 ÷ 0
4. Calculate
8.6
a) 18 ÷ 0.01 1800 c) 0.5 ÷ 0.5 1 e) 860
0.01
0.039
b) 1.3 ÷ 0.01 130 d) 0.3 ÷ 0.1 3 f) 3.9
0.01
5. True or false? Division always makes things smaller. false
6. Which of these give an answer of 190? Circle all that apply.

19 19 19 19 19
a) b) c) d) e)
100 10 1 1.0 0.1
7. 10
Dividing by 0.1 is the same as multiplying by _____.
8. 100
Dividing by 0.01 is the same as multiplying by _____.
9. 0.5 is the same as doubling.

Dividing by ______

10. Complete the sentence: Dividing 32 by 0.1 has the same effect as...
a) multiplying by 10 c) adding 10
b) dividing by 10 d) subtracting 10.
11. Calculate:
a) 3 ÷ 0.01 300 c) 0.5 ÷ 0.5 1 e) 0 ÷ 0.1 0
b) 12 ÷ 0.5 24 d) 0.1 ÷ 0 undefined f) 0.2 ÷ 0.5 0.4
12. Dividing 25 by ____ will give an answer bigger than 25. Choose from below:
a) 100 b) 25 c) 1 d) 0.5 e) 0.1
13. To work out 6 ÷ 0.1, we could calculate:
a) 6 × 0.1 b) 6 ÷ 1 c) 6 ÷ 10 d) 6 × 10
14. Calculate:
a)
9
÷ 0.1 9 b)
14
÷ 0.1 1.4 c) 1
3
÷ 0.1 13
10 100 10
4 0.8 8 1
d) ÷ 0.5 e) ÷ 0.01 8 f) 2 ÷ 0.5 4.2
10 100 10
matching activity
A B C 300 3
6 ÷ 0.5 6 × 0.5 6 ÷ 10
0.3 180
D E F
3 ÷ 0.01 0.6 × 0.3 18 ÷ 0.1
600 6
G H I
6 ÷ 0.01 12 ÷ 0.01 3 × 0.5 12 30
J K L 1200 0.6
3 ÷ 0.5 3 × 0.1 3 ÷ 0.1
0.18 1.5
Record your answers here:
12 3 0.6 300 0.18 180 600 1200 1.5 6 0.3 30

the effect of division: changing the divisor
learn by heart
dividend or numerator
When dividing 2 numbers, we can call the numbers
divisor denominator
When dividing 2 numbers, as the divisor gets smaller, the answer gets bigger
example
268 268
Given that = 67, work out 14 14
4 0.04 Which is larger: or ?
7 0.7
14 is larger because it
The divisor is 100 times smaller, the answer 0.7
will be 100 times bigger, so 6700 has a smaller divisor.
exercise 2h
12
1. Given that = 4, work out:
3
12 12 0.4 12
a) 40 d) g) 4
0.3 30 3.0
12 12 12 2
b) 400 e) 0.04 h)
0.03 300 6
84
8
84 84 84 10.5
a) 1.05 b) 105 c)
80 0.8 8.0
306
3. Given that 17
= 18, calculate:
306 306 1800 306

a) 180 c) e) 0.18
1.7 0.17 1700
306 306 18 306 6

b) 1.8 d) f)
170 17.0 51
238
4. Which of these will be 10 times larger than ?
14
238 238 238 238

a) b) c) d)
1400 140 14.0 1.4

a) 62 ÷ 0.1 b) 62 ÷ 0.01 c) 62 ÷ 10 d) 62 ÷ 1.0
6. Calculate:
12 12 12 12
a) 6 b) 0.6 c) 0.06 d) 0.006
2 20 200 2000
7. Calculate:
a) 15 ÷ 0.3 50 b) 18 ÷ 0.06 300 c) 4 ÷ 0.2 20
8. 0.2
If 8 ÷ 4 = 2, then 8 ÷ 40 = _______
9. Calculate:
a) 49 ÷ 0.7 70 d) 15 ÷ 0.03 500 g) 18 ÷ 0.9 20
b) 49 ÷ 0.07 700 e) 15 ÷ 0.3 50 h) 18 ÷ 0.09 200
c) 49 ÷ 70 0.7 f) 15 ÷ 30 0.5 i) 18 ÷ 90 0.2
27
0.4
27 27 27 27
a) b) c) d)
4 40 400 4000
18
50
18 18 18 18
a) b) c) d)
0.5 5 500 5000
12. Calculate:
12 27
a) 18 ÷ 0.9 20 b) 36 ÷ 1.2 30 c) 200 d) 900
0.06 0.03
0.1 is the same as multiplying by 10

13. Dividing by _____
0
14. Dividing by _____ is undefined
28
15. is 100 times bigger than....
4
28 28 28 28
a) b) c) d)
4.00 0.4 0.04 400
b b 8.2
16. Given that = 4.1, = ______
12 6

Dividing by a Decimal code box
Code Breaker 0 = 20 = 50 = 300 =

change to are world
Calculate the following and find your
answer in the code box. 2 = 22 = 70 = 320 =
Write the word in the yellow box the last past door
to reveal an inspirational message!
2.5 = 25 = 100 = 450 =
do river crazy game
a)
15
0.5
30 =
= ______ The 8 = 30 = 120 = 600 =
on the people believe
b) 120 =
12 = ______
people 10 = 40 = 200 = 640 =
0.1 they who fairy between
11 = 45 = 250 = 700 =
c) 40 =
8 = ______
who every time can who
0.2
12 = 48 = 270 = 1000 =
are
15 50 = enough ones snow partner
d) = ______
0.3
30 =
9 = ______
the
crazy
l)
e) 100 =
10 = ______ 0.3
0.1
m) 300 =
36 = ______
world
f) 12 =
6 = ______ enough 0.12
0.5
n)
20 50
= ______ = are
g)
20 =
12 = ______ to 0.4
0.6
o)
2 =
16 = ______
the
8.0
h) 600 =
6 = ______
believe
0.01
48 =
p)
24 = ______
0.5
ones
i)
10 =
9 = ______
they
0.9
7 = 700
q)
0.01
______ = who
j) 250 =
25 = ______
can
0.1
r)
2.5 =
0.25 = ______ do
0.1
k) 0 =
0 = ______ change - Quote by Steve Jobs
0.3

the effect of division: changing the dividend
learn by heart
dividend numerator
When dividing 2 numbers, we can call the numbers or
divisor denominator
When dividing 2 numbers, as the dividend gets smaller, the answer gets smaller
examples
8 10
Which is more, 3
or 3
? Given that
268
= 67, work out
2.68
4 4
10
is larger because the The dividend is 100 times smaller, so the
3
dividend is larger answer will be 100 times smaller, so 0.67
exercise 2i
16
1. Given that = 3.2, calculate:
5
160 1600 320 16.0 3.2

a) 32 c) e)
5 5 5
1.6 0.16 1.60

b) 0.32 d) 0.032 f) 0.32
5 5 5
2. Which is larger: 42 ÷ 8 or 420 ÷ 8 ? Explain your answer.

420 ÷ 8. As the numerator gets bigger, the answer does too.
21 2.1
3. Which is larger: or ? Explain your answer.
0.6 0.6
21 ÷ 0.6. As the numerator gets bigger, the answer does too.
4. Which of the following is largest?
18 180 1.8 0.18

a) b) c) d)
45 45 45 45
a) 24.3 ÷ 9 2.7 b) 2430 ÷ 9 270 c) 0.243 ÷ 9 0.027
a) 41.4 ÷ 23 1.8 b) 41,400 ÷ 23 1800 c) 0.414 ÷ 23 0.018

120 0.12 12 1.2
a) b) c) d)
65 65 65 65

8. Calculate:
360 3.6 36.0 12

a) 120 c) 1.2 e)
3 3 3
f) 3.6 million ÷ 3 1.2 million

3600 0.36 0.12
b) 1200 d)
3 3
9. Calculate:
a) 1.5 ÷ 3 0.5 d) 0.55 ÷ 11 0.05 g) 1500 ÷ 5 300
b) 2.4 ÷ 12 0.2 e) 1.8 ÷ 9 0.2 h) 0.49 ÷ 7 0.07
c) 440 ÷ 11 40 f) 2.7 ÷ 3 0.9 i) 8.1 ÷ 9 0.9
18
10. is 100 times bigger than...
6
180 1800 1.8 0.18

a) b) c) d)
6 6 6 6
11. Fill in the gaps with > , < or =
6 < 12 1.8 < 1.9

a) ____ d) ____
8 8 15 15
b)
12 <
____
19
e)
16 >
____
1.6
35 35 4.6 4.6
14 < 1400 0.9 0.84

c)
0.1
____
0.1
f)
15
>
____
15
A B C D
15 1.5 150 0.15 D, B, A, C
7 7 7 7
19 0.19
13. Compared with , the answer to is :
4.5 4.5
a) 100 times smaller c) 10 times smaller
b) 100 times bigger d) 10 times bigger

the effect of changing dividend or divisor (mixed practice)
examples
42 42 42 420
Given that 12
= 3.5, work out 1.2
Given that 12
= 3.5, work out 12
The divisor is 10 × smaller, so the The dividend is 10 × bigger, so the

answer will be 10 × bigger, i.e. 35 answer will be 10 × bigger, i.e. 35
exercise 2j

45 45 45 45
a) b) c) d)
0.7 7 700 7.0
2. Given that 63 ÷ 42 = 1.5, work out the value of:
a) 6300 ÷ 42 150 b) 6.3 ÷ 42 0.15 c) 63 ÷ 4.2 15

84
3. Given that 8
= 10.5, work out:
84 84 84
a) 1.05 b) 105 c) 10.5
80 0.8 8.0
62
4. Given that 5
= 12.4, work out:
6.2 620 0.62

a) 1.24 b) 124 c) 0.124
5 5 5
5. Calculate:
a) 45 ÷ 0.1 450 b) 7 ÷ 0.5 14 c) 1.9 ÷ 10 0.19
6. Dividing 32 by ____ will produce the largest answer. Choose from below.
a) 1.0 b) 0.1 c) 0.01 d) 0.001
7. The answer to 23 could be made bigger by...

4.5
a) increasing the denominator c) halving the denominator
b) increasing the numerator d) adding a zero to the end of the denominator

8
8. Which of these are 10 times bigger than 0.4
? Circle all that apply.
8 80 8 800 8
a) b) c) d) e)
4 0.4 0.04 0.4 0.40

dividing decimals practice
example
Work out 15 ÷ 0.3 Start with a whole number 'base' calculation
15 ÷ 3 = 5 Think what the effect is of changing one of

15 ÷ 0.3 = 50 the numbers to a decimal, in this case, it
makes the answer 10 times bigger.
exercise 2k
1. Work out:
a) 30 ÷ 5 6 c) 30 ÷ 50 0.6 e) 3 ÷ 5 0.6
b) 30 ÷ 0.5 60 d) 30 ÷ 0.05 600 f) 0.3 ÷ 5 0.06
2. Work out:
a) 36 ÷ 0.6 60 c) 49 ÷ 70 0.7 e) 27 ÷ 0.9 30
b) 36 ÷ 0.06 600 d) 49 ÷ 700 0.07 f) 27 ÷ 0.09 300
4. Work out:
a) 1.5 ÷ 3 0.5 c) 2.1 ÷ 7 0.3 e) 10.8 ÷ 9 1.2
b) 0.15 ÷ 3 0.05 d) 0.21 ÷ 7 0.03 f) 0.108 ÷ 9 0.012
5. Which of these will have the largest answer?
a) 0.2 ÷ 4 b) 0.20 ÷ 4 c) 2 ÷ 4 d) 0.22 ÷ 4
6. Work out:
a) 4.2 ÷ 6 0.7 d) 5.5 ÷ 11 0.5 g) 250 ÷ 5 50
b) 420 ÷ 6 70 e) 55 ÷ 0.11 500 h) 2.5 ÷ 5 0.5
c) 42 ÷ 0.6 70 f) 55 ÷ 1.1 50 i) 25 ÷ 0.05 500
7. True or false?
a) 24 ÷ 0.3 > 24 ÷ 3 True b) 32 ÷ 80 < 32 ÷ 8 True

16 1.6
8. 10 times more than
is _____
9 9
1.2 100 times smaller than 1.2

9. is _____
50 0.5
10. Calculate:
a) 6 ÷ 0.03 200 h) 24 ÷ 0.3 80
b) 10 ÷ 0.2 50 i) 28 ÷ 0.02 1400
d) 1.2 ÷ 4 0.3 k) 0.48 ÷ 6 0.08
f) 25 ÷ 0.5 50 m) 72 ÷ 0.09 800
g) 0.36 ÷ 6 0.06 n) 108 ÷ 1.2 90
8
11. Which of these is 10 times more than ?
1.8
80 8 8 8
a) b) c) d)
1.8 0.18 0.018 180
a) 24 ÷ 0.5 b) 8 ÷ 0.1 80 c) 3 ÷ 0 4
48 undefined d) 8
0.5
13. Which number is it impossible to divide by? 0
matching activity
A B C 120 0.55
7.2 ÷ 9 0.64 ÷ 8 55 ÷ 0.1
0.4 0.08
D E F
5.5 ÷ 10 2.4 ÷ 6 12 ÷ 0.01
550 400
G H I 80 55
72 ÷ 0.6 56 ÷ 0.7 4 ÷ 0.01
40 0.12
J K L
0.24 ÷ 2 11 ÷ 0.2 28 ÷ 0.7
1200 0.8
0.8 0.08 550 0.55 0.4 1200 120 80 400 0.12 55 40

Multiplying and Dividing Decimals Match
Work out each calculation and tick off your answers at the bottom as you go:
B C
A
0.42
42 ÷ 100 = _______ 6 60 0.12
0.3 × 0.4 = _______
= ____
0.1
D F
E
940
0.94 × 1000 = _______
12 = ____
40
0.3 1.6
8 × 0.2 = _______
I J
36 = ____
0.6 18 = ____
20
G H
60 0.9
1.6 ÷ 2 = _______
0.8 2.5 = ____
0.5
5
M
K 360
36 ÷ 0.1 = _______
0.24
0.08 × 3 = _______ L
9 = ____
0.3 N
O P
30 0.6 × 60 = _______
36
0 0 5 undefined
= ____ = ________
5 0
R
Q
180
0.2 × 900 = _______ 12 = ____
24
S 0.5
0.05
15 ÷ 300 = _______
T U
V W 0.4 ÷ 10 = _______
0.04 4 = ____
0.02
6 = ____ 1.9 = ____ 200
300 19
0.02 0.1 X
0.8 = ____
0.1 Y
8 0.54
0.6 × 0.9 = _______
Z
2.2 ÷ 11 = _______
0.2
jumbled answers 180

0.1 19 0.05
36 0.5 0.6
undefined 20 0.2 940 0.54
0.42
0.3 0.12 300 360
0.02 40
0.04
1.6 24 0.8 0.24
60 0

the effect of division: changing divisor & dividend extra
challenge
example
45 450
Given that = 5, calculate
9 0.9
Bigger numerator ( × 10) = Bigger Answer ( × 10)
Smaller denominator ( ÷ 10) = Bigger Answer ( × 10)
So the answer is 100 times bigger = 500
exercise 2l
1. Given that 36 = 3, calculate:

12
a) 360 300 c) 3.6 0.03 e) 3600 3000

1.2 120 1.2
3.6 0.36 3.6

b) 30 d) 0.3 f) 0.03
0.12 1.2 120
2. Calculate:
a) 180 ÷ 0.9 200 b) 0.18 ÷ 9 0.02 c) 1800 ÷ 90 20
3. Which of these is 10 times bigger than 26 ? Circle 2 answers.

5
a) 260 b) 26 c) 2.6 d) 2600

5 50 0.05 500
4. True or false?
a) 1.4 ÷ 0.7 = 2 True d) 1.2 = 6 False

20
b) 250 ÷ 0.5 = 500 True e) 1.2 = 0.06 True

20
c) 0.36 ÷ 6 = 0.6 False f) 0.3 × 40 = 60 True

0.2
12
5. Given that 0.48
= 25, which of these also equal 25? Circle all that apply.
a) 120 b) 120 c) 1.2 d) 1.2

0.48 4.8 4.8 0.048

extra
Decimal Calculation Puzzles challenge
1. Write in order of size, smallest first. 2. Write in order of size, smallest first.
A 0.3 + 0.2 0.5 B 0.3 - 0.2 0.1 A 2.4 + 0.6 3 B 2.4 - 0.6 1.8
C 0.3 × 0.2 0.06 D 0.3 ÷ 0.1 3 C 2.4 × 0.6 1.44 D 2.4 ÷ 0.6 4
C, B, A, D C, B, A, D
3. Complete without calculating: 4. Jack walks at a constant rate of

0.18km per minute. How far will he
0.8
a) 6.2 × 8 = 62 × ____ travel in 1 hour?
0.057
b) 0.57 × 0.9 = 9 × ____
10.8km
190
c) 520 × 3.8 = 10.4 × ____
5. (a) What is a quarter of 1.11 ? 6. Work out the sum:

0.2775 0.1 + 0.2 + 0.3 + ... + 0.12
(b) What is an eighth of 2.03 ?
0.25375
4.83
7. A bat and ball together cost £1.10. 8. Two numbers have a product of
0.18 and a sum of 1.1. Work out
The bat costs £1 more than the the two numbers.
ball. How much do they cost
seperately?
£1.05 and 5p 0.9 and 0.2
9. Work out the missing values: 10. How many different digits appear
in the answer to the sum:
0.2 = 25
a) 5 ÷ _____ 0.121212...
0.12 + 0.345 0.345345... +
0.28 ÷ 0.4 = 0.7
b) _____ 0.466557
0.12 2 = 0.0144
c) _____ Answer = 5

challenge
learn by heart
125 × 8 = 1000 examples
25 × 4 = 100 Factorising: Related Calculations:

Calculate 16 × 25 Calculate 12.5 × 6
÷2
Factorise: Break = 4 × 4 × 25 ×2
a number down into = 4 × 100 = 25 × 3
smaller factors = 400 = 75
exercise 2n
1. Calculate by factorising:
a) 12 × 25 300 e) 64 × 125 8000 i) 200 × 15 3000
b) 20 × 15 300 f) 80 × 50 4000 j) 25 × 160 4000
c) 125 × 16 2000 g) 24 × 25 600 k) 125 × 80 10,000
d) 25 × 20 500 h) 75 × 16 1200 l) 375 × 8 3000
18
a) 15 × 6 = 5 × ____ 60
b) 25 × 12 = 5 × ____
540
54 = _____
c) 27 × 20 = 10 × ____ 8
d) 50 × 16 = 100 × ____ 800
= ____
70 = _____
e) 35 × 8 = 4 × ____ 280 3 = _____
f) 20 × 15 = 100 × ____ 300
g) 12 × 40 = 10 × ____ 480
48 = ____ 28 = _____
h) 14 × 20 = 10 × ____ 280
i) 8 × 25
____ = 4 × 50 = 200
____ 16
j) 25 × _____ 400
= 100 × 4 = _____
challenges
a) 15000 ÷ 8 ÷ 125 b) (9006 × 423) - (423 × 9004)

15 846

challenge
learn by heart
To divide by 5: To multiply by 5:
divide by 10 and double multiply by 10 and halve
examples
Calculate 18 ÷ 5 Calculate (4 × 17) + (6 × 17) Calculate 99 × 42

= 18 ÷ 10 × 2 = 100 × 42 - 42
= 1.8 × 2 = 10 × 17 = 4200 - 42
= 3.6 = 170 = 4158
exercise 2o
1. Calculate:
a) (17 × 8) + (3 × 8) 160 d) (23 × 14) - (14 × 3) 280
b) (14 × 6) - (4 × 6) 60 e) (4 × 125) + (4 × 125) 1000
c) (19 × 7) + (1 × 7) 140 f) (30 × 25) + (25 × 10) 1000
2. Calculate:
a) 42 ÷ 5 8.4 e) 21 ÷ 5 4.2 i) 850 ÷ 5 170
b) 9 × 17 153 f) 19 × 12 228 j) 2300 ÷ 5 460
c) 312 ÷ 5 62.4 g) 101 × 15 1515 k) 23 × 201 4623
d) 99 × 14 1386 h) 41 × 7 287 l) 126 × 8 1008
3. Calculate
a) (121 × 16) + (4 × 16) c) (10 × 126) - (2 × 126) e) 127 × 0.8 101.6

2000 1008
b) 41 × 250 10,250 d) 49 ÷ 3.5 14 f) 35 ÷ 14 2.5
Challenges
a) 4 × 35 × 15 2100 b) 11 × 8 × 25 2200 c) 251 × 16 4016

chapter review
exercise 2p
1. Given that 24 × 46 = 1104, what is the value of 0.24 × 460?
a) 1104 b) 110.4 c) 11.04 d) 1.104
9 9
2. Which is larger or ? Explain your answer. 9
because smaller divisor = bigger answer
3 0.3 0.3
3. Which of the following is equal to 12 ÷ 0.4?
a) 30 b) 3 c) 0.3 d) 4.8
a) 8 ÷ 0.3 b) 8 ÷ 0.01 c) 8 ÷ 900 d) 8 ÷ 0
5. Calculate 1 - 0.083 0.917
6. Calculate:
a) 4.82 ÷ 100 0.0482 c) 0.8 × 1000 800 e) 4.6 ÷ 10 0.46
b) 34.7 × 100 3,470 d) 208 ÷ 100 2.08 f) 9 ÷ 100 0.09
7. Calculate:
a) 6 × 0.1 0.6 d) 8 ÷ 0.2 40 g) 4.2 ÷ 7 0.6
b) 6 ÷ 0.1 60 e) 0.9 × 0.3 0.27 h) 4.2 ÷ 70 0.06
c) 8 × 0.2 1.6 f) 0.9 ÷ 0.3 3 i) 42 ÷ 0.7 60
8. Write each fraction as a decimal using short division:

1 4 4 1 0.09
a) 0.125 b) 0.6 c) 0.4 d)
8 6 9 11
9. 2
Dividing by 0.5 is the same as multiplying by _____
0.01
10. Dividing by ________ is the same as multiplying by 100
8
11. Which of these is 100 times more than 1.2
?
0.08 0.8 80 800

a) b) c) d)
1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

8
12. Use short division to write 5
as a decimal. 1.6
13. Calculate:
a) 0.406 × 1000 406 c) 42.5 ÷ 1000 0.0425
b) 0.23 × 100 23.3 d) 12.5 × 4 50
14. Given that 3.8 × 8.5 = 32.3, what is the value of 380 × 85?
a) 323 b) 3230 c) 32,300 d) 323,000
15. Calculate:
12 1200 15 2.4
a) b) 50 c) 0.4
0.01 0.3 6
What's missing?
a) 6 × 0.4 = 2.4 g) 0.5 × 4 = 2
b) 0.2 × 0.6 = 0.12 h) 0.4 × 0.4 = 0.16
c) 0.8 × 0.3 = 0.24 i) 0.03 × 5 = 0.15
d) 0.4 × 400 = 160 j) 5 × 0.08 = 0.4
e) 6 × 0.03 = 0.18 k) 0.09 × 0.4 = 0.036
definitely wrong?
Six of these statements are definitely wrong, which ones?
A B C D
0 ÷ 9
3 ÷ 0.5 = 6 14 ÷ 0.1 = 14.1 12 ÷ 0.5 = 24
= undefined
E F G H
9 9 4 0.4
7 ÷ 0.1 = 70 15
> 16
12 ÷ 0 = 0 14
> 14
I J K L
4
12 ÷ 100 = 0.12 8 ÷ 0.5 = 4 6 ÷ 60 = 10 0.1
= 0.4

cumulative review (chapters 1 & 2)
exercise 2r
1. Write three million, eighteen thousand and six in digits. 3,018,006
2. Write as decimals:
1 9 3
a) 7 hundredths b) 10
0.1 c) 1000
0.009 d) 1 10 1.3
0.07
3. In each pair, circle the larger number:
a) 0.64 or 0.7 b) 0.203 or 0.21 c) 1.84 or 1.804
4. Which of these numbers has 2 significant figures?
a) 204 b) 1.08 c) 0.5 d) 0.60
5. Round each of these numbers to 1 significant figure:
a) 425 400 b) 0.456 0.5 c) 1900 2000 d) 1.053 1

3 29 29 3
10
0.209 1000
0.29 1000 0.209 0.29 10
7. Calculate:
a) 22.6 ÷ 5 4.52 b) 0.8 × 0.3 0.24 c) 1 ÷ 8 0.125 d) 0.1 × 3 9 0.39

10
8. Write as fractions or mixed numbers:
1 1 1 11
a) 0.1 10
b) 1.1 1 10 c) 1.01 1 100 d) 0.011 1000
9. Calculate 106 ÷ 0.5 212
10. Write each of these using dot notation:

2.0324
0.603 0.56
a) 0.49494... 0.49 b) 0.603603603... c) 0.56666... d) 2.0324324324....
11. Complete each statement with > , < or =
= 4
a) 4.0 ____ < 0.23
c) 0.203 ____ >
e) 0.13 _____
13
1000
>
b) 0.4 ____
4 = 56
d) 5.6 ____ < 0.407
f) 0.047 ____
100 10

exercise 2s
1. Which of the following has 2 significant figures?
a) 4.0 b) 0.203 c) 209 d) 5.62
2. Write as a decimal:
4 8 29 29 0.029
a) 0.04 b) 3 3.008 c) 0.29 d)
100 1000 100 1000
3. Round 0.04099 to 3 significant figures. 0.0410
4. Which of these numbers is half way between 0.3 and 0.31?
a) 0.35 b) 0.035 c) 0.315 d) 0.305
5. Calculate:
a) 1 - 0.1 b) 1 - 0.01 c) 1 - 0.001 d) 1 - 0.0001

0.9 0.99 0.999 0.9999
6. Fill in the blanks with > , < or =
21 > 21 19 < 19
a) ____ c) ____
3 3.1 4.5 4.1
8 9 0.2 0.3
b) <
____ d) <
____
0.4 0.4 8 8
3
7. Which of the following is equal to 0.3 - ?
10
a) 0.03 b) 0.03 c) 0.03 d) 0.30
a) 820 × 7.6 6232 b) 0.82 × 0.76 0.6232 c) 8.2 × 7.7 63.14
200
16
200 2 0.125 2000 1250

a) 1.25 b) c)
160 16 1.6
0.2 20 2
d) 0.0125 e) 125 f) 0.0125
16 0.16 160

9 3
a) 0.42 b) 0.60 c) 10
d) 100
d a b c
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

3 2 1 16
a) 100
b) 10
c) 100
d) 100
c a d b
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3

2 185
a) 0.17 b) 0.145 c) 10
d) 1000
b a d c
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 0.22

1 35
a) 1.2 b) 2.1 c) 3 10 d) 10
a b c d
1 2 3 4 5

2 95
a) 2.6 b) 3.45 c) 3 10 d) 3 100
a c b d
2.5 3 3.5 4

11 105
a) 1.01 b) 0.88 c) 10
d) 100
b a d c
0.9 1 1.1

Year 7 Core Curriculum Chapter 2: Calculations: Challenge Extra

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Year 7 Core Curriculum Chapter 2: Calculations: Challenge Extra

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year 7 core curriculum

[Recommended Time: 10 - 12 hours]

Written Calculations: Addition / Subtraction of Decimals Page 2

Calculate 8.2 - 1.64 Calculate 1 - 0.043 Which is closer to 1

1. Which of the following is the correct calculation of 3847 - 554?

a) 62 - 1.84 b) 2.05 - 1.9

c) 1 - 0.086 d) 30.004 - 9.26

3. Which of these is closest to 1? a) 0.91 b) 1.08 c) 1.004

7. Which of these numbers is closest to 1?

a) 0. 895 - 0.005 b) 0.23 - 0.23 c) 0.356 - 0.312

A. Place the digits

B. Place the digits

C. Place the digits

D. Place the digits

E. Place the digits

Very Tricky Calculation Puzzles extra

d) 218 ÷ 5 e) 4.5 ÷ 4 f) 0.0171 ÷ 3

2. Use short division to write these fractions as decimals:

3. Calculate half of:

4. Find the number half way between:

5. Which of these is largest?

6. Which of these are recurring decimals?

7. Put these numbers in order of size, starting with the smallest:

3. Can you work out half of 0.8?

4. Can you work out half of 0.5?

5. Complete the statements:

a) _____ is half way between 42 and 63

b) 0.5 is half way between _____ and 0.72

c) 1.5 is half way between _____ and 2.22

6. Calculate the following using short division. What do you notice?

Fractions & Decimals Match 0.3 0.3

hundreds tens units tenths hundredths thousandths

100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001

34 × 100 = 3400 10 × 5.902 = 59.02 0.84 × 1000 = 840

1700 ÷ 10 = 170 439 ÷ 100 = 4.39 0.7 ÷ 1000 = 0.0007

a) 84 × 10 b) 9.1 × 1000 c) 60 × 100

g) 10,000 ÷ 100 h) 120 ÷ 1000 j) 907 ÷ 10

2. Work out the missing numbers:

a) 65 × _______ = 6500 b) 2710 ÷ _______ = 271

e) 450 ÷ _______ = 0.45 f) 1000 × _______ = 29,000

a) 43.1 b) 1.92 c) 0.4 d) 5.904

a) 2.7 × 10 c) 0.5 × 100 e) 1.250 ÷ 10

7. Work out the missing numbers:

e) _______ ÷ 1000 = 2.3 f) 100 × _______ = 40

8. Complete: 0.48 × 100 = 480,000 ÷ ______

9. Calculate 4859.6 × 1,000 ÷ 1000

a) 1.23 × 10 b) 4.3 ÷ 100 c) 96.526 ÷ 10

11. Fill in the blank: 0.034 × ________ = 34.4

Multiplying by 0.1 Multiplying by 0.01 Multiplying by 0.001

432 × 0.1 86.04 × 0.01 1

d) 97,000 × 0.001 e) 420 × 0.01 f) 604 × 0.001

2. Which of these are equal to 5.07? Choose all that apply.

a) 507 × 0.01 b) 0.507 × 0.1 c) 57 × 0.1 d) 5.07 × 1

3. Which of these are equal to 0.68? Choose all that apply.

a) 68 × 0.1 b) 0.068 × 0.1 c) 680 × 0.001 d) 680 × 0.01

a) 0.75 × 0.1 b) 3.7 × 0.001 c) 0.9 × 0.001

5. Work out the missing numbers:

a) 84 × ________ = 0.84 b) 231 × ________ = 2.31

c) 0.3 × ________ = 0.0003 d) ________ × 0.01 = 4.002

e) ________ × 0.1 = 8.9 f) ________ × 0.001 = 0.1

6. Complete these statements using one of these symbols: < > =

c) 52 × 0.01 52 ÷ 1000 d) 90 × 0.01 9 × 0.1

8. Calculate the following, giving your answer as a decimal:

a) 65 × _ = 6500 b) 2710 ÷ _ = 271

e) 450 ÷ _ = 0.45 f) 1000 × _ = 29,000

e) _ ÷ 1000 = 2.3 f) 100 × _ = 40

a) 84 × = 0.84 b) 231 × = 2.31

c) 0.3 × = 0.0003 d) × 0.01 = 4.002

e) × 0.1 = 8.9 f) × 0.001 = 0.1

a) _ × 28 = 16.8 b) 6 × _ = 1.68