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18.1 The Adjective
18.1 The Adjective
01 The Adjective
1. Adjectivul in limba engleza sta de obicei IN FATA unui substantiv: a beautiful girl (o
fata frumoasa) dar exista cateva adjective care stau DUPA substantiv:
Opinion Size Age Shape Colour Origin Material Purpose Noun
(opinie) (marime) (varsta) (forma) (culoare) (origine) (material) (scop) (substantiv)
(o masa mare, noua, rotunda, maro, spaniola, din stejar, pentru cina)
!!!!! Daca avem doua sau mai multe adjective care exprima opinia atunci adjectivul
general sta in fata celui specific: e.g. a kind gentle lady (o doamana buna si blanda)
e.g. They have bought ... mansion. (Ei au cumparat un conac superb, imens, italian, pentru
vacanta.)
Opinion Size Quality or Character Age Shape Colour Participles
Origin Material Type Purpose Noun
Small old French carria
ge clocks (ceasuri mici, vechi, frantuzesti, de buzunar)
The course was boring. (Cursul era plictisitor. - se refera la cum era cursul)/ I was bored. (Eu
eram plictisit. - se refera la cum simte cineva)
The film is interesting. (Filmul este interesant. - se refera la cum este filmul)/ She
is interested in buying. (Ea este interesata sa cumpere. - se refera la cum simte cineva)
Adjectivele compuse:
3. Number + noun (sg): a tree-year contract (un contract de trei ani), a two-week course (un
curs de doua saptamani), a 5-year-old child (un copil de cinci ani)
4. Well, badly, ill, poorly (adv) + Past Participle (vb. III/ -ed): a poorly-kept garden (o
gradina prost intretinuta), a well-timed joke (o gluma bine plasata)
6. Noun + Present Participle (vb. -ing): heart-breaking story (o poveste care iti rupe
inima), back-breaking work (munca care iti rupe spatele/ este grea)
7. Noun + Past Participle (vb. III/ -ed): hand-made basket (cos facut de mana), tailor-made
suit (costum facut la croitor), home-made bread (paine facuta in casa)
e.g. They have gone on a ... trip. (Ei s-au dus intr-o excursie de cinci zile.)
a) five-days
b) five day
c) five-day
d) fives-day
Yesterday we saw a beautiful ... girl. (Ieri am vazut o fata frumoasa cu ochi verzi.)
a) green-eyes
b) green-eye
c) green-eyed
d) green-eyeing
- afraid (temator)
- alike (asemanator)
- alone (singur)
- ashamed (rusinat)
- asleep (adormit)
- glad (bucuros)
- ill (bolnav)
Daca vrem sa folosim adjective care exprima acelasi lucru in fata unui substantiv atunci
folosim sinonime ale acestor adjective:
- Chief (principal)
- Indoor (interior)
- Inner (interior)
- Main (principal)
- Only (doar)
- Principle (principal)
- Upper (superior)
Golden eagle (an eagle with gold like colour - un vultur de culoare aurie)
vs. A gold ring (a ring made of gold - inel facut din aur)
Metallic paint (paint which looks like metal - vopsea care are culoare
metalizata) vs. Metal box (a box made of metal - o cutie facuta din metal)
Leathery meat (meat too firm to cut - carne care e foarte tare si greu de
taiat) vs. A leather coat (a coat made of leather - o haina facuta din piele)
A leaden sky (dark sky, the colour of lead - cer innorat/ de culoarea plumbului/
plumburiu) vs. Lead pipes (pipes made of lead - tevi facute din plumb)
e.g.This plant has soft ... leaves. (Aceasta planta are frunze moi care arata ca niste pene.)
a) feather
b) feathering
c) feathery
d) feathered
My boss’s ... expression showed that something was wrong. (Expresia dezaprobatoare a sefului
meu arata ca ceva era in neregula.)
a) stone
b) stoning
c) stony
d) ston
I have received ... earrings for my birthday. (Am primit cercei de aur de ziua mea.)
a) golden
b) gold
c) golded
d) golding
I. Positiv:
II. Comparativ:
3. de superioritate:
III. Superlativ:
Good (bine/ bun) better (mai bine/ bun) the best (cel
mai bine/ bun)
Bad/ill (rau/ bolnav) worse (mai rau/ mai bolnav) the worst (cel
mai rau/ cel mai bolnav)
Old (batran) elder (mai mare - despre frati) the eldest (cel mai
mare - despre frati)
(!!! elder/ eldest se folosesc cu "son, daughter, brother, sister" si stau numai in fata
substantivului, niciodata dupa verbe copulative)
* I need further information. (Am nevoie de informatii suplimentare.)/ Let's go further with the
lesson. (Hai sa mergem mai departe cu lectia.)
!!! Atentie:
Of the two girls Mary is the more beautiful. (Dintre cele doua fete Mary este cea care este mai
frumoasa.)
Comparati cu: Of the three girls Mary is the most beautiful. (Dintre cele trei fete Mary este
cea mai frumoasa.)
Of the two boys Tom is the taller. (Dintre cei doi baieti Tom este cel care este mai inalt.)
Comparati cu: Of the three boys Tom is the tallest. (Dintre cei trei baieti Tom este cel mai
inalt.)
She is ever more interesting. (pentru adjective plurisilabice) (Ea este din ce in ce mai
interesanta.)
She is much/far smarter than I thought. (Ea este mult mai desteapta decat am crezut.)
He is even taller than you. (El este chiar mai inalt decat tine.)
This situation is better by far. (Situatia aceasta este mai buna de departe.)
She speaks twice as much as you. (Ea vorbeste de doua ori mai mult ca/ decat tine)
He is only half as interesting as you are. (El este doar jumatate atat de interesant ca tine.)
Expresii cu adjectivul:
SUCH A/AN +ADJ.+NOUN+THAT: She is such a nice girl that everybody likes her. (Ea
este o fata atat de draguta incat toata lumea o place.)
A GREAT MANY + NOUN pl.: I’d like to discuss about a great many things. (Mi-ar
placea sa discut despre multe lucruri)
ADJ. + THOUGH + S + P: Beautiful though she is, I still won’t marry her. (Desi este
frumoasa, tot nu o sa ma insor cu ea.)