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Inversions and Emphatic Structures
Inversions and Emphatic Structures
Wh-word + Aux + S + Vb. + ...?: e.g. Where have I seen her? (Unde am vazut-o?)
a) Barely she had finished her letter when a storm broke out. (nu avem inversiune intre
auxiliar si subiect)
b) No sooner she had finished her letter than a storm broke out. (nu avem inversiune intre
auxiliar si subiect)
c) Barely had she finished her letter than a storm broke out. (barely se foloseste cu when si nu
cu than)
d) No sooner had she finished her letter than a storm broke out. (este corect pentru ca avem
inversiune si no sooner se foloseste cu than)
So + adj./adv. + Aux + S + Vb.:
She is so nice that everybody likes her. (Ea este atat de draguta ca toata lumea o
place.) So nice is she that everybody likes her. (Atat de draguta este ea ca toata lumea o
place.)
She spoke so well that we were amazed. (Ea a vorbit atat de bine ca am fost uimiti.) => So
well did she speak that we were amazed. (Atat de bine a vorbit ea ca am fost uimiti.)
e.g. They are so busy that they have no time for visits. (Ei sunt atat de ocupati ca nu au timp
de vizite.)
a) So busy they are that they have no time for visits. (nu avem inversiune intre auxiliar si
subiect)
b) So busy were they that they have no time for visits. (avem inversiune dar timpul verbului
nu este bun)
c) So busy are they that they have no time for visits. (Atat de ocupati sunt ei ca nu au timp de
vizite.) (avem inversiune intre auxiliar si subiect iar verbul este la timpul prezent)
d) So busy have they been that they have no time for visits. (avem inversiune dar timpul
verbului nu este bun)
e.g. I open the door and who should I see there but Tom. (Deschid usa si pe cine vad acolo, pe
Tom.)
e.g. And in the middle of the forest … come across but this enormous bear. (Si in mijlocul
padurii peste ce dau, peste un urs imens.)
a) what I should
b) what should I
c) what I might
d) what might I
The power of the storm was so great that all the trees were down. (Puterea
furtunii a fost asa de mare, ca toti copacii erau cazuti.)
Such was the power of the storm that all the trees were down. (Atat de mare
a fost puterea furtunii, ca toti copacii erau cazuti.)
e.g. Her fear of darkness was so great that she always slept with the light on. (Frica ei de
intuneric era atat de mare, ca dormea intotdeauna cu lumina aprinsa.)
a) Such her fear of darkness was that she always slept with the light on. (nu avem
inversiune, trebuie TO BE imediat dupa SUCH)
b) Such great her fear of darkness was that she always slept with the light on. (nu se
pune such great ci numai SUCH)
c) Such was her fear of darkness that she always slept with the light on. (Atat de mare era
frica ei de intuneric, ca dormea intotdeauna cu lumina aprinsa.)
d) Such was she afraid of darkness that she always slept with the light on. (nu se foloseste
subiect si predicat ci TO BE + substantiv)
They will not leave /if you don’t help them. Only if you help them, /will they leave.
(Ei nu vor pleca daca nu ii ajuti.) -> (Doar daca ii ajuti, vor pleca ei.)
e.g. You can pass the exam only by studying hard. (Poti trece examenul doar studiind din
greu.)
a) Only by studying hard you can pass the exam. (nu avem inversiune intre auxiliar si
subiect)
b) Only by studying hard can you pass the exam. (Doar studiind din greu, poti trece
examenul.)
d) Only by study hard can you pass the exam. (only by este urmat de un verb cu -ing)
AS (ca) este urmat de Verb Auxiliar, care trebuie sa fie la acelasi timp cu verbul din
propozitia principala, si Subiect:
S + P + AS + Aux. + S
She was very happy /as were all the others. (Ea era foarte fericita, asa cum erau toti ceilalti.)
He lied to me /as did you. (El m-a mintit, asa cum ai facut-o si tu./ El m-a mintit, ca si tine.)
S + P + SO + Aux + S
So am I. (Si eu la fel.) (daca facem inversiune, spunem ca si noi facemi acelasi lucru)
So I am. (Asa este, ai dreptate) (daca nu facem inversiune, inseamna ca suntem de acord
cu ceea ce s-a spus)
Type 1. IF + S + SHOULD + VB. INF. ... => SHOULD + S + Vb. INF. ...
Should I meet him, I will tell him the news. (Daca se intampla sa il intalnesc, ii voi spune
vestile.)
If I had seen him, I would have talked with him. (Daca l-as fi vazut, as fi vorbit
cu el.)
If I had seen him, I would have talked with him. (Daca l-as fi vazut, as fi vorbit cu
el.)
Three policemen came into the room. (Trei politisti au intrat in camera.) => Into the
room came three policemen. (In camera au intrat trei politisti.)
Adverbele: in/ out/ up/ down/ round/ over/ back/ forward/ away sunt urmate
de Pronume + Predicat
Adverbele: in/ out/ up/ down/ round/ over/ back/ forward/ away sunt urmate
de Predicat + Substantiv
Emphatic Structures
!!! Atentie:
Accentuare pe adverbul de loc: It was to a party that/where Tim took his sister on
Sunday. (A fost la o petrecere unde Tim a dus-o pe sora lui duminica.)
WHAT + S + DO (do sta la acelasi timp cu verbul initial) + TO BE + Vb. INFINITIVE
+ ...
Alte cuvinte care se pot scoate in fata pentru accentuare sunt what/ all/ this/ that/ the thing
urmate de S + P + verbul TO BE:
In aceste doua cazuri se intalnesc doua verbe TO BE. Primul este predicatul pentru prima
propozitie care la randul ei devine subiect pentru a doua propozitie. A doua propozitie
are IS/ WAS ca predicat tot timpul.
That is the thing which bothers me. (Acela este lucrul care me deranjeaza.)
e.g. Whatever happened to her, do you know? (Ce s-o fi intamplat cu ea, sti cumva?)