Cambridge International A Level Physics Answers to self-assessment questions

Answers to SAQs
Chapter 29 6

1 a 2 A, positive 1 cm
b 15 ms
c 20 ms
d 1 = 50 Hz
Frequency = T1 = 0.020

2 a I0 = peak value of current = 2 A The exact starting point on the graph may be
ω = angular frequency diferent, but the trace has an amplitude of 1 cm
= 2πf = 2π × 50 = 100π rad s–1 and one complete wave is 1 cm horizontally.
b I = 2 sin(100πt)
I 2.5
7 Irms = 20 = 2 = 1.8 A
3 a I0 = 5 A
V
ω = 120π rad s–1 8 Rearrange Vrms = 20 to give
ω = 60 Hz
Frequency f = 2π V0 = Vrms × 2 = 230 × 2 = 325 V
Period T = 1f = 60
1 = 17 ms 2 2

b I/A
9 (I )
Power dissipated, P = (Irms)2R = 20 R = 02
I R

5
= (3.0)2 × 100
2 = 450 W
V 325
10 a Vrms = 20 = 2 = 230 V
V 230 = 0.23 A
0 b Irms = Rrms = 1000
1 1 t/s
120 60 c Power dissipated, P = (Irms)2R
= (0.23)2 × 1000 = 53 W
2 2
–5 V
325 = 105.6
d Peak power dissipated, P = R0 = 1000
≈ 110 W
4 a V0 = peak value of voltage = 300 V
ω = 100π rad s–1 11 Alternative answers are given here because
frequency f = 2π ω = 50 Hz there are two ways of interpreting the
diagrams and the numbers of turns.
b At t = 0.002 s, V = 300 sin(100π × 0.002)
= 300 × 0.588 = 176 V a Step-up: 15 : 5 = 3, or 16 : 6 = 2.7
c V/V b Step-down: 4 : 8 = 0.5, or 5 : 9 = 0.56
c Step-up: 30 V or 27 V; step-down: 5.0 V or 5.6 V
300

12 Step-up ratio required = 400 kV

25 kV = 16
0 So number of turns = 16 × 2000 = 32 000 turns
10 20 30 40 t / ms

–300
13 a Vs = Vp × turns ratio = 20 × 10 = 200 V
I
Is = turnspratio = 50
10 = 5 mA
b Power P = VI
If no power loss occurred,
5 Amplitude = 2 × 5 = 10 V
P = 200 × 0.005 = 1.0 W
Period T = 4 × 10 = 40 ms
1 = 25 Hz Actual power = 180 × 0.0045 = 0.81 W
Frequency = T1 = 0.040
So percentage of power that is wasted
= (1.01.0
– 0.81) = 19%

Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics © Cambridge University Press 2014

 Cambridge International A Level Physics Answers to self-assessment questions

14 18 a Less pronounced ripple

Transformer Np Ns Vp / V Vs / V Ip / A Is / A P / W b More pronounced ripple
A 100 500 230 1150 1.0 0.2 230
B 500 100 230 46 1.0 5.0 230
C 100 2000 12 240 0.2 0.01 2.4

15 Diode 3 is pointing the wrong way, so the

current flows through diode 4, through R and
then through diode 1.

16 a V

b V

c V

d V

e V

17 The voltage will be half-wave rectified.

Current can flow through diode 2 when
terminal A is positive. When terminal B is
positive, current cannot flow because there is
no complete path to terminal A.

Cambridge International AS and A Level Physics © Cambridge University Press 2014