5.

8 TCH/SDCCH Congestion Case

SDCCH congestion situation

A railway station is located at the frontier of two LAs. Every train
stopping in this station comes from LA 1 and then return to LA 1
after the stop.
Objective
Define a set of parameters to avoid SDCCH congestion on cell B
(LA 2)

Cell B Cell A

LA2 LA1
LA frontier

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 5 CASE STUDIES

5.9 Indoor cell congestion case

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© Alcatel University - 8AS 90200 1485VH ZZA Ed.02
Theoretical presentation
TUNNEL Case
RADAR Case
TOWER Case
RESURGENCE Case
FOREST Case
HIGHWAY Case
TCH/SDCCH CONGESTION Case
INDOOR CELL CONGESTION Case

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 5.9 Indoor cell congestion

An indoor microcell has been introduced within a multi-layer

network (macro + micro)

When the indoor microcell is congested, FDR may not be

working as some the MSs can be covered only by this cell
Define parameter settings to find a good solution in case of indoor cell
congestion

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 END SESSION

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 ANNEXES

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TYPICAL MODULE STRUCTURE

objective(s)
theoretical presentation
training exercises and/or cases study + feedback

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 ANNEXES

Annex.1 Erlang B law

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Erlang B law
Frequency hopping influence on PCHO process
Load & Traffic evaluation
Training exercises solutions

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 Annex.1 Erlang B law
Erlang definition

ERLANG: unit used to quantify traffic

T = (resource usage duration)/(total observation duration) [ERLANG]

Example:
1 TCH is observed during 1 hour
one can observe 1 call of 80 sec and 1 call of 100 sec
the observed traffic is T = (80+100)/3600 = 0.05 ERLANG

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 Annex.1 Erlang B law
Call mix definition

ERLANG <-> CALL MIX

CALL MIX EXAMPLE

350 call/hour
3 LU/call
TCH duration: 85 sec
SDCCH duration: 4.5 sec

ERLANG COMPUTATION
TCH = (350 * 85)/3600 = 8.26 ERLANG
SDCCH = [ (350 + 350*3) * 4.5 ] / 3600 = 1.75
ERLANG

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▼ 350 calls * 85 sec / 1 hour(3600 sec):

TCH = (350 * 85)/3600 = 8.26 ERLANGS

▼ 350 calls means 350 SDCCH phases.

▼ 3 LU/call means 3 * 350 LUs so 1050 SDCCH phases more.
▼ 1 SDCCH phase is 4.5 sec:
SDCCH = [ (350 + 350*3) * 4.5 ] / 3600 = 1.75 ERLANG

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 Annex.1 Erlang B law
Erlang B (1/5)

ERLANG B LAW
relationship
between
offered traffic ca ll/se cond
ca ll/se cond

number of
resources
blocking rate

In a telecom system,
call arrival frequency is
ruled by the POISSON
LAW

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▼ The offered traffic is the traffic asked by the customers.

▼ The graph gives the number of connection requests per second during 35 seconds.

▼ 83/30s => 83 * 2 * 60 = about 10 000 / hour

▼ Real example in Paris on 1 BSC (LA FOURCHE).

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 Annex.1 Erlang B law
Erlang B (2/5)

call request arrival rate (and leaving) is not stable

number of resources = average number of requests * mean
duration
is sometime not sufficient => probability of blocking

=> Erlang B law

N
Pblock: blocking probability E
P b lo c k = N!
N: number of resources N
E
k

k =0 k!
E: offered traffic [Erlang]

good approximation when the blocking rate is low (< 5%)

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