4.

2 Examples and Exercises

Example 1: Optimization of Handover Algorithms (1/4)

Search for best tuning of HO parameters to decrease

call drop

Call drop

HO/Call

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 1: Optimization of Handover Algorithms (2/4)

Main Objective: make the HO algorithm as efficient as

possible
Minimize call drop rate
trigger HO soon enough
toward the “best” neighbor
while keeping a good speech quality
avoid HO due to quality: “too late”
avoid having HO/call rate too high

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 1: Optimization of Handover Algorithms (3/4)
Method
Collect Abis trace chart
Search for HO level to avoid quality
lower than 4 (or even 3)
sufficient number of “bad quality”
< R x Q u a l _ D L > = f(A V _ R x L e v_ D L ) < R x Q u a l_ U L > = f(A V _ R x L e v_ U L )

7 7

6 6

samples 5

3
5

2 2

low standard deviation 1

0
1

N b_sam ples N b_ sa m ple s

problem when HO already 600

400

200
1000
800
600
400
200

activated 0

2
S ta n d a rd D e vi a ti o n

3
0

S ta n d a rd D e vi a ti o n

1 .5
2
1
1
0 .5
0 0

Then tune according to QoS indicators (OMC-R) by repetitive process

A_PBGT_HO/A_LEV_HO/A_QUAL_HO
L_RXLEV_UL_H, L_RXLEV_DL_H, L_RXLEV_UL_P,
L_RXLEV_DL_P
OK as soon as HO success rate stabilized
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▼ Never forget that Abis information takes into account the traffic distribution in the cell. Any parameter tuning done after
an Abis study has to be checked periodically as the distribution in the cell can change from one week to another.
▼ Use the pivot table function (Excel) to build this graph.

RxQUAL

RxQUAL
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 1: Optimization of Handover Algorithms (4/4)

neighboring relationship cleanup

Remove useless relationships (A interface statistics, PM
Type 180)
Remove the common BCCH/BSIC couple
Add new relationships when a new site is created

Finally, check the main QoS indicators

Call drop rate
HO failure rate
HO/call rate

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 1: training exercise

According to the Abis results and some parameters already set,

tune qualitatively the sliding averaging windows:
A_QUAL_HO
A_LEV_HO

Level at RxQual=3 -80dBm -96dBm -90dBm

Time allowed:
L_RXLEV_DL_H -85dBm -90dBm -90dBm
5 minutes
A_QUAL_HO 6 6 ?

A_LEV_HO ? ? 4

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 2: Optimization of Power Control Algorithms (1/2)

Optimization of Downlink Power Control

Decrease of downlink interference
Risks of delay of HO (without fast power control)

Optimization of Uplink Power Control

Decrease of Uplink interference
MS battery saving
Risks of delay of HO (without fast power control)

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 2: Optimization of Power Control Algorithms (2/2)

The main tuning problem is the interaction with handover, which

can slow down HO decision, and debase call drop rate
Power control threshold must be within HO ones
Dynamic step size must be activated if possible

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▼ In the example below, a dynamic MS PC is activated. The MS power changes are really reactive and control the UL
level between -80 and -90dBm. In this example, the HO threshold is -98 dBm.

RxLev_UL

- RxLev_UL

MS_PwrLevel

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 2: Training Exercise

Explain qualitatively the impacts of some parameter changes

What happens if:

we increase POW_INC_FACTOR?
we increase MAX_POW_INC?
We increase A_LEV_PC?

Time allowed:
5 minutes

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 3: Traffic Load Sharing (1/12)

Used to unload cell with too high traffic, without HW extension

Trade-off between traffic sharing/radio quality
Different algorithm
Fast Traffic Handover: Cause 28
Traffic Handover: Cause 23 and 12 with DELTA_HO_MARGIN(0,n)
Static (couple of cells): HO_MARGIN, LINK_FACTOR
On a local traffic basis:
Load_Factor/Free_Factor
Forced Directed Retry

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 4.2 Examples and Exercises
Example 3: Traffic Load Sharing (2/12)

Fast Traffic HO
Useful in case of sudden traffic peaks as the process
response is instantaneous (no averaging window)
The principle is to force handover towards neighbor cells
which have lower traffic when a request is queued in the
serving cell.
Interaction with Forced DR due to the use of same
thresholds
Optimization method (repetitive process)
Tunes L_RXLEV_NCELL_DR(n), FREElevel_DR(n)
Applies new values, checks traffic peaks, QoS
indicators

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