INTRODUCTIO

N TO THE
PHILOSOPHY
OF THE HUMAN
PERSON

MODULE 1: WHAT IS
PHILOSOPHY?
INTRODUCTION

• Have you ever realized of what you want in life?

Have you ever found yourself wondering about the
things you experienced or where your life is
headed? Have you ever encountered a situation
where you had to think about the “deeper”
questions in life? These activities that follow will
concretize your idea of doing philosophy. With
these you will be able to do a philosophical
reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic
perspective
 BY THE END OF THIS LESSON, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:

1. Distinguished a holistic perspective from a partial point of view. (PPT11/12-Ia-1.1)

a. Define philosophy
b. Understand why there is a need to philosophize
c. Reflect on one’s personal philosophy in life
 
2. Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective. (PPT11/12-Ib-1.3)
a. Discuss the characteristics of philosophy
b. Compare and contrast between holistic thinking and partial thinking.
c. Appreciate the value of reflection

3. Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective. (PPT11/12-Ic-1.4 )

a. Identify the practical uses of philosophy in life.

b. Value the use of philosophy as SHS learners

 PHILOSOPHY IN OUR DAILY LIFE

• When we are lost it leads us to a questions:

What should I
How do I
do?
Where Am I? found out
where am I?
WE HAVE TO:

• Identify the problem or CAUSE then go

through the PROCESS and finally the
CONSEQUENCES that may provide
answers or may lead to ask process again.
WHAT WORDS OR PHRASES COME TO
YOUR MIND WHEN YOU HEAR THE
WORD PHILOSOPHY?

Philosophy
PHILOSOPHY

Comes from the 2 Greek words

Philos- Love

Sophia- Wisdom
WHAT IS A
PHILOSOPHER
?
A PHILOSOPHER IS A LOVER OF WISDOM

• He or she puts meaning to what is out there.

• Open to changes and discovery
• He/she does not stop knowing, wondering, and
asking questions, hungers for truth, meaning and
sense someone goes beyond the surface of things
experiences transcendence and possesses a
beautiful mind.
 CHARACTERISTICS

Philosoph
y
Framework Discipline

Examinatio
n of
Knowledge
 • Whenever people encounter a
problem situation or questions
DISCIPLINE in life, they often go back to
their framework to make sense
of the problem.
FRAMEWORK

Is a way of THINKING about the

world and is composed of VIEWS
and BELIEFS of a person
Abella, 2016
EXAMINATION OF
KNOWLEDGE

• The principles of
Philosophy can be used
as a examination of
other disciplines or
particular areas of
knowledge.
EXAMINATION
OF KNOWLEDGE
Examples:

While scientist
concerns himself
with scientific
knowledge.
• Historians
with the
knowledge
of the past
Economists with
the knowledge of
supply and
demand.
 CHARACTERISTICS

• Philosophers concerns
themselves with the Philosoph
nature of knowledge. It y
embraces all types of
expertise.
Framework Discipline
• Philosophy is a distinct
area of knowledge. It has
its own goals, concerns,
and ways of doing things
Examinatio
n of
Knowledge
• Philosophy begins in the human
experience of reality being the
most ancient of all intellectual
disciplines.
• Philosophy is the MOTHER of
the Human and Natural Sciences.
• It is more than just knowing. It
seeks to open our minds to
become aware of illusions and
flood reasoning.
AND THAT IS
PHILOSOPHY
ALL ABOUT!
THE PLACE WHERE IDEAS OF
PHILOSOPHIES STARTED…

•Do you know

this place?
ANCIENT GREECE

• Ancient Greece is
situated on the
southern tip of the
Balkans in Europe,
Asia, and Africa.
GREECE

• Is the birthplace of Philosophy in

the West.
• It is in the Ancient Greek of Miletus
in the Western Coast of what is now
Turkey that gave birth to
Philosophy.
• It is in this city that the 1st
Philosopher in the West.
 THALES OF
MILETUS
Father of Philosophy in the Western Civilization

624-546 BCE

Mathematician

What made him a Philosopher?

• His desire to know the ultimate stuff that made that the
different things we perceived.
• When we look at the world we encounter diff. things,
people, trees, clouds, mountains, rivers, etc.
• He believe that there is one in the many.
• He was the first individual to try to reduce the
multiplicity into unity.
INDIA
BUDDHA
• It is not a name but a title
• It is a Sanskrit word that
means “A person who is
AWAKE”
• What Buddha is awake to?
• Is the true nature of reality.
• If you look at your
life you will see that
is a series of
challenges that we
have to overcome if
you want to survive.
• It feels like you are competing
in a race in which you are
required to jump hurdles to
win successfully, and each
challenge is a question or a
bunch of questions that we
have to answer.
DEAR STUDENTS
PLEASE DO REMEMBER:

• This quotation from great

Philosopher Gautama
Buddha about questions
and thought about life.
• “Rule your mind or it will
rule you”
• With our thoughts we make
the world.
THE BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

METAPHYSICS EPISTEMOLOG LOGIC

Y
COGNITIVE
BRANCHES

• These provide description

of being unknowing.
• They are foundations of
understanding any
Philosophical system.
LOGIC
• Is a branch of Philosophy that deals with the nature thinking and reasoning.

• It uses empirical support and information which are reliable, valid and
objective.
• It is the science of correct thinking.

• There are 2 types of Logic

• Deductive Reasoning- from a GENERAL truth to a SPECIFIC truth
• From a universal truth to particular.

• Inductive Reasoning- from a SPECIFIC truth to a GENERAL truth

• From particular to Universal.
EPISTEMOLOGY

• It concerns with the definition of knowledge and

related concepts such as forces and criterion of
knowledge.
• There are 2 contending schools of fact –
• RATIONAL SCHOOL- the main service
of knowledge is deductive reasoning,
• Based of self-evident principles or
action.
• EMPIRICAL SCHOOL- the source of
knowledge is sense perception.
METAPHYSICS
• It comes from the Greek word
META- BEYOND
PHYSIKON- NATURE
• Is a branch of Philosophy which is
concern with the nature of ultimate
reality.
 ETHICS
BRANCHES OF
PHILOSOPHY
POLITICS
These can be classified as
NORMATIVE Branches
• It is because they are concern
with the standard of the
AESTHETICS
good.
• If the COGNITIVE Branches are concern with
WHAT IS?
• The NORMATIVE Branches is concerned WHAT IS
OUGHT TO BE?
ETHICS

Comes from the Greek words ETHOS-

CHARACTER.
• It is the science of correct doing.
• It is the study of what is right and what
is wrong in human behavior in the
pursuit of beauty and goodness of life.
• It can be regarded as technology of
philosophy it is because it tosses human
being oath to function as human being.
POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHY

• It is a body of knowledge
that looks up on the
society, politics and the
people working it whole.
• It is belief that society is
inseparable to politics.
AESTHETICS

• It is derived from the Greek word

• AESTHETIKOS- means one
who is perceptive of things
through his sensation, feelings
and intuitions.
• It is concerned with the essence of
perceptions, objectives,
judgement of beauty and nature of
art.
ANALYZE THE QUESTIONS AND IDENTIFY WHAT
BRANCH OF PHILOSOPHY IT IS

• Example :
What does it mean to be beautiful?
the question is about beauty
therefore the question is about aesthetics
1. What is knowledge?
2. What is freedom?
3. What is beauty?
4. Does God exist?
5. What is the essence and meaning of life?
NOW LETS CHECK YOUR WORK

1. Epistemology- Theory of Knowledge

What is knowledge?/ Can we know?/ what is to know?/ How can we know?

2. Ethics- is a Moral Philosophy

What is freedom?/ Do we have freedom?/ What is human act?/ Are our actions already determined?
3. Aesthetics- Philosophy of Art
What is beauty?/ What does it mean to be beautiful?
4. Philosophy of Religion- Does God exist?/ Can we prove the existence of God?/ What are the reasons to believe in
God?
5, Rational Psychology/ Philosophy pf Man/ Philosophical Anthropology
What is the essence and meaning of life?/ Does life makes sense? / What is man?/ Is man only has his body or man
is his soul?
TODAY WE
LEARN
ABOUT
 “PHILOSOPHY IS NOT NEW TO EVERY
INDIVIDUAL PHILOSOPHIZING IS INNATE
TO EVERYONE, IT IS GIVING BIRTH TO NEW
KNOWLEDGE USING THE THINGS AROUND
US AND THE THINGS WE EXPERIENCE.”
 TITLE LOREM IPSUM

LOREM IPSUM DOLOR SIT NUNC VIVERRA IMPERDIET PELLENTESQUE HABITANT

AMET, CONSECTETUER ENIM. FUSCE EST. VIVAMUS A MORBI TRISTIQUE SENECTUS
ADIPISCING ELIT. TELLUS. ET NETUS.