Revision Paper_ 23

Fundamentals of Research Methodology – Semester IV

Unit 1: Scientific method and Research

1. Define the terms scientific method , scientific research, business research , population and sample
2. What is a research and when it is said to be scientific?
3. What is research and when can it is called business research?
4. Mention the areas in which business research has applications.
5. What is a research proposal and explain the different phases used in making a research proposal. Write the various
steps involved in making a research proposal.
6. Define research design. Name the three research designs used in general.
7. What are the two methods used for taking random samples?
8. What is the difference between probability and non – probability sampling design?
9. What is the difference between systematic sampling and stratified sampling?
10. Define sampling and write two advantages of sampling over census.
11. In a metro building complex there are 500 flats numbered from 1 to 500. It is desired to select a systematic sample
of size 20 flats to estimate the total number of inmates in the complex. Find the serial number of flats selected
12. (I) which of the following are good reasons for spending time and effort on a review of the literature before
embarking on a research project?
(a) To identify the gaps in the literature
(b) To increase the breadth of knowledge of your subject area
(c) To put your work into prospective
(d) All the above
(ii) Which of the following can be sent to large number of people and saves time and money?
(a) Web – based questionnaire
(b) Mailed questionnaire method
(c) Qualitative data collection method
(d) None of the above
13. Research problem can be stated in the form of

(a) Only questions

(b) Only statements
(c) Neither questions nor statements
(d) Either questions nor statements

Unit 2 : Measurement and scaling techniques

1. What is a variable? Identify the individuals and variables in the study “about the people who have climbed Mt.
Everest”.
2. What are the scales used to measure variables in research studies and which scale is considered to be superior among
them?
3. Compare the difference between nominal scale, ordinal scale, interval scale and ratio scale.
4. Identify the dependent and independent variables in the following.
a) A teacher wants to know which method of teaching is more effective in the students
understanding: lecture method, question answer method or visual method
b) Growth of a small plant grows gradually and continuously if observed for few days.
5. Suppose the following information is collected from HDFC bank on the application for a home loan at the city branch

a) Place of residence: GK II, New Delhi

b) Date of birth: 14 August 1975
c) Monthly income: Rs 25,000
d) Occupation: Systems Engineer
e) Number of years at job: 5
f) Marital status: Married
 g) Number of children: 1
h) Loan requested: Rs 5,00,000
i) Term of Loan: 10 years

Classify each of the responses by type of data and measurement scale

Unit 3: Data Processing and statistical analysis of data

1. What are the methods used for collecting data in research studies?
2. Define questionnaire. What is basic difference between questionnaire and schedule?
3. Explain the importance of editing data.
4. Write a summary on presentation of data
5. 90 Students admitted to the B.Com program at the Assam Kaziranga University were asked to indicate their
preferred major areas of specialization. The following data were obtained:

Area of Number of
Specialization Students

Marketing 50
Finance 22
HRM 8
Operations 10
a) Construct a relative and percentage frequency distribution
b) Which chart can be used to represent the above data? Construct the said chart

Unit 4 : Hypothesis and testing of hypothesis

1. Define the term population, sample, parameter and statistic. What is a hypothesis testing? Mention the two
functions of hypothesis
2. What is margin of error?
3. The midterm scores of the five students in an advanced statistics are: 70, 78, 80, 80, 95. And suppose one sample of
three score is selected from this population, and this sample includes the scores 70, 80, and 95. Find the sampling
error.
4. If 𝑥̅ = 85 , σ = 8 and n = 64, construct a 95 % confidence interval for the population mean, μ
5. State and explain the meaning of null and alternative hypothesis. You are the manager of a fast food restaurant you
want to determine whether the waiting time to place an order has changed in the past month from its previous
population mean value of 45 minutes. State the null and alternative hypothesis.
6. Define Hypothesis. What is a null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis? A HRD manager wishes to see if there has
been any change in the ability of trainees after a specific training program. Formulate a null and alternative
hypothesis for testing whether a change has taken place?
7. In a random sample of 100 persons taken from village A, 60 were found to be consuming tea. In another sample of
200 persons taken from village B, 100 persons were found to be consuming tea. Does the data reveal a significant
difference between the two villages so far as the habit of taking tea is concerned? You may use a 5 per cent level of
significance
8. Famous Tea Restaurant near Guwahati railway station has been having average sales of 500 tea cups per day.
Because of the development of bus stand nearby, it expects to increase its sales. During the first 12 days after the
start of the bus stand, the daily sales were as under:

505, 550, 570, 490, 580, 570, 460, 600, 580, 530, 526, 615
On the basis of this sample information, can one conclude that Restaurant sales have increased? Use 5 per cent
level of significance.
 9. A LIC insurance agent has claimed that the average age of policyholders who insure through him is less than the
average for all agents, which is 30.5 years. A random sample of 100 policy holders who had insured through him
gave the following age distribution.

Age Number of persons

16-20 12
21-25 22
26-30 20
31-35 30
36-40 16
100
Test the agents claim with 5 % level of significance.
10. The table given below shows the data obtained during outbreak of COVID 19 in 2021. Test the effectiveness of
vaccination in preventing the attack from COVID 19. Test your result with the help of Chi – square (χ2) at 5 per cent
level of significance

Attacked Not attacked Total

Vaccinated 31 469 500
Not vaccinated 185 1315 1500
Total 216 1784 2000

11. You are given the following information about advertisement expenditure and sales

Advertisement (x) Sales (y)

Arithmetic mean 10 90
Standard deviation 3 12

Correlation coefficient = 0.80

a) Obtain two regression equations
b) Find the likely sales when advertisement budget is Rs 15 lakh.
c) What should be advertisement budget if the company wants to attain sales target of Rs 120 lakh?

Unit 5 Report writing and significance

1. What is a research report and mention in brief the different types of reports used.
2. What is the difference between bibliography and references? Give examples
3. What is a bibliography? Give two examples for bibliography entry in research report.

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