POWER CONTROL SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE

The following figure shows a generic block diagram of a PHEV. Remove the AC mains
block and it becomes an HEV or remove the internal combustion engine (ICE) and it
becomes a pure-EV.

EV block diagram showing the main components

The control components are outlined in the next section. These are microprocessor
control units that are programmed to react to inputs from sensors and from the driver.

Motor/generator control: The motor/generator control system mainly performs motor

control to provide drive as well as regeneration when the motor is acting as a generator.
The main MCU (microprocessor control unit) controls the inverter via a pre-driver
circuit. The sequence in which the inverter is switched and at what rate determines the
torque and speed of the motor.
Key Fact
The main MCU (microprocessor control unit) controls the inverter. The insulated-gate
bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used
as a fast-acting, high-efficiency electronic switch. It is used to switch electric power in
many modern appliances as well as electric vehicles.
Inverter: The electronic circuit used to drive a motor is usually called an inverter
because it effectively converts DC to AC. An important aspect of this type of motor and
its associated control is that it works just as effectively as a generator for regenerative
braking. It is controlled by the main MCU in the motor controller. The switches will in
reality be IGBTs. The IGBTs in turn are controlled by a pre-driver circuit that produces a
signal that will switch the inverter in a suitable sequence.
Key Fact
An inverter converts DC to AC.
The output signal from the inverter when it is driving the motor is shown
Motor control system