Algebra Paper1 Part1 [148 marks]

1a. Show that (2n − 1)2 + (2n + 1)2 = 8n2 + 2, where n ∈ Z. [2 marks]

1b. Hence, or otherwise, prove that the sum of the squares of any two [3 marks]
consecutive odd integers is even.

2a. Show that log9 (cos 2x + 2) = log3 √cos 2x + 2. [3 marks]

2b. Hence or otherwise solve log3 (2 sin x) = log9 (cos 2x + 2) for [5 marks]
0 < x < π2 .

3a. Express −3 + √3i in the form reiθ , where r > 0 and −π < θ ⩽ π. [5 marks]

Let the roots of the equation z 3 = −3 + √3i be u, v and w.

3b. Find u, v and w expressing your answers in the form reiθ , where r > 0 [5 marks]
and −π < θ ⩽ π.

On an Argand diagram, u, v and w are represented by the points U, V and W

respectively.

3c. Find the area of triangle UVW. [4 marks]

3d. By considering the sum of the roots u, v and w, show that [4 marks]
cos 518π + cos 718π + cos 1718π = 0.

4. Solve the equation 2 ln x = ln 9 + 4. Give your answer in the form [5 marks]

x = peq where p, q ∈ Z+ .

, 5 −8 3 +8
 The first three terms of an arithmetic sequence are u1 , 5u1 − 8 and 3u1 + 8.

5a. Show that u1 = 4. [2 marks]

5b. Prove that the sum of the first n terms of this arithmetic sequence is a [4 marks]
square number.

6a. Use the binomial theorem to expand (cos θ + i sin θ)4 . Give your answer[3 marks]
in the form a + bi where a and b are expressed in terms of sin θ and cos θ.

6b. Use de Moivre’s theorem and the result from part (a) to show that [5 marks]
cot4 θ −6cot2 θ +1
cot 4θ = 4cot3 θ −4cot θ
.

6c. Use the identity from part (b) to show that the quadratic equation [5 marks]
x2 − 6x + 1 = 0 has roots cot2 π8 and cot2 38π .

6d. Hence find the exact value of cot2 3π . [4 marks]

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6e. Deduce a quadratic equation with integer coefficients, having roots [3 marks]
cosec2 π8 and cosec2 38π .

7. It is given that 2 cos A sin B ≡ sin(A + B)− sin(A − B). (Do not [8 marks]
prove this identity.)
Using mathematical induction and the above identity, prove that
n
Σ sin2nθ
r=1 cos(2r − 1)θ = 2sin θ
for n ∈ Z+ .

8a. Explain why any integer can be written in the form 4k or 4k + 1 or [2 marks]
4k + 2 or 4k + 3, where k ∈ Z.

8b. Hence prove that the square of any integer can be written in the form 4t [6 marks]
or 4t + 1, where t ∈ Z+ .

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9. Let f(x) = 1−x2
for −1 < x < 1. Use partial fractions to find ∫ f (x) dx. [8 marks]
 t
∫
−1
Consider the integral 1
x+ x2
dx for t > 1.

10a. Very briefly, explain why the value of this integral must be negative. [1 mark]

10b. Express the function f (x) −1 [6 marks]

= x+ x2
in partial fractions.

10c. Use parts (a) and (b) to show that ln (1 + t) − ln t < ln 2. [4 marks]

4x−5
Let f (x) = x2−3x+2
x ≠ 1, x ≠ 2.

11a. Express f(x) in partial fractions. [6 marks]

11b. Use part (a) to show that f(x) is always decreasing. [3 marks]

11c. 0 [4 marks]
∫
Use part (a) to find the exact value of −1 f(x)dx, giving the answer in
the form ln q, q ∈ Q .

The diameter of a spherical planet is 6 × 104 km.

12a. Write down the radius of the planet. [1 mark]

12b. The volume of the planet can be expressed in the form [3 marks]
π(a × 10k ) 3
km where 1 ≤ a < 10 and k ∈ Z.
Find the value of a and the value of k.

13. Consider an arithmetic sequence where u8 = S8 = 8. Find the value of [5 marks]

the first term, u1 , and the value of the common difference, d.

14. Consider two consecutive positive integers, n and n + 1. [4 marks]

Show that the difference of their squares is equal to the sum of the two integers.

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 15. In the expansion of (x + k)7 , where k ∈ R, the coefficient of the term in [5 marks]

x5 is 63.
Find the possible values of k.

Let f(x)= √1 + x for x > −1.

16a. Show that f 1 [3 marks]

''(x)= − .
4√ ( 1+x ) 3

16b. Use mathematical induction to prove that [9 marks]

1
1 n−1 ( 2n−3 ) ! 2 −n
f ( n ) (x)= (− 4
) ( n−2 ) !
(1 + x) for n ∈ Z, n ≥ 2.

16c. Let g(x)= emx , m ∈ Q. [8 marks]

Consider the function h defined by h(x)= f(x)×g(x) for x > −1.
It is given that the x2 term in the Maclaurin series for h(x) has a coefficient of 74 .

Find the possible values of m .

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