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WE ARE GROUP
1 AND WE WILL
PRESENT OUR
REPORT ON...
 Cabahug & Patiño

"STRUCTURES,
PROPERTIES, AND
FUNCTIONS OF
AMINO ACIDS"
 OBJECTIVES
UNDERSTAND LEARN
Acquire knowledge of the
Gain a comprehensive
distinct functions exhibited
understanding of the by each amino acid,
distinct properties enabling a comprehensive
exhibited by each understanding of their
individual amino acid. characteristics
IDENTIFY
Develop the capability to
identify and distinguish
various amino acids based
on their unique structural
characteristics
WHAT ARE AMINO
ACIDS?
Amino acids are organic molecules that,
when linked together with other amino acids,
form a protein.

Altogether, there are twenty amino acids,

which are involved in the construction of
proteins.
20 AMINO ACIDS
1. Alanine 14. Phenylalanine
2. Arginine 15. Proline
3. Asparagine 16. Serine
4. Aspartic Acid 17. Threonine
5. Cysteine 18. Tryptophan
6. Glutamine 19. Tyrosine
7. Glutamic Acid 20. Valine
8. Glycine
9. Histidine
10. Isoleucine
11. Leucine
12. Lysine
13. Methionine
 STRUCTURE OF AM INO AC IDS
GENERALLY, AMINO ACIDS HAVE THE
FOLLOWING STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES:

A carbon (the alpha carbon)

A hydrogen atom (H)
carboxyl group (COOH-)
amino group (NH2)
variable side chain (R-group)
 NOTE:
While certain amino acids, such as glycine and alanine, may commonly exist as white,
crystalline solids, it should be noted that not all amino acids share this characteristic. For
instance, amino acids like tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and proline may exhibit different
physical forms, including colorless or pale yellow crystals.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

a nonpolar
amino acid with Used by the
a small side
body in the
Glycine chain.
Gly G detoxification
(C₂H₅NO₂) white, crystalline
solid
of benzoic
It has a sweet acid
taste.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Nonpolar
White, Functions by
Alanine crystalline removing
Ala A
(C₃H₇NO₂) solid that is toxins from
soluble in our body
water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Nonpolar
White, Important to
crystalline functioning of
Valine
Val V solid that is the nervous
(C₅H₁₁NO₂)
insoluble in system
water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Nonpolar
White, Associated
Isoleucine crystalline with digestive
Ile I
(C₆H₁₃NO₂) solid that is enzymes
insoluble in
water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Nonpolar
White,
Associated
crystalline
Leucine with digestive
Leu L solid that is
(C₆H₁₃NO₂) enzymes
insoluble in
water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

A polar amino
acid with a Metabolism
hydroxyl of fats, fatty
group as its
acids, and
Serine side chain.
Ser S cell
(C₃H₇NO₃) White,
crystalline membranes
solid that is Muscle
soluble in growth
water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Polar
Important in
White,
building tissues
Threonine crystalline
Thr T and utilization of
(C₄H₉NO₃) solid that
nutrients
is soluble
in water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Polar amino
acid with a thiol
Important
group (–SH) as
for making
its side chain.
Cysteine protein and
Cys C White,
(C₃H₇NO₂S) for other
crystalline solid
metabolic
that is soluble
functions
in water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Nonpolar
amino acid Initiates
with a protein
thioether synthesis
group as its Participated
Methionine
Met M side chain. in the
(C₅H₁₁NO₂S) White, transmethyla
crystalline tion reactions
solid that is as methyl
insoluble in
donor
water.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Polar amino Plays a major

acid with a role in
carboxyl metabolism and
group as its
in promoting the
Aspartic Acid side chain.
Asp D synthesis of
(C₄H₇NO₄) White,
crystalline other amino
solid that is acids.
soluble in
water. Aspartate
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

White Mainly involved in

crystalline the development
Glutamic solid and functioning of
Acid Glu E A distinctive the human brain
(C₅H₉NO₄) savory taste
known as Glutamate
umami MSG
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

To produce
White
many proteins
crystalline
Asparagine Helps break
Asn N solid
(C₄H₈N₂O₃) down toxic
Slightly sweet
ammonia
taste
within cells
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Removing excess
ammonia
White Helps the
crystalline immune system
Glutamine
Gln Q solid function and
(C₅H₁₀N₂O₃)
Slightly needed for
sweet taste normal brain
function and
digestion
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

White
Aids in assimilation
crystalline
Lysine of other amino
Lys K solid
(C₆H₁₄N₂O₂) acids
Slightly
sweet taste
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Helps remove
excess ammonia
White from the body
crystalline Stimulates
Arginine
Arg R powder immune function
(C₆H₁₄N₄O₂) Promotes
Slightly
sweet taste secretion of
several
hormones.
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

White
crystalline
powder
Important in the
Slightly sweet utilization of
Phenylalanine taste Vitamin C and
Phe F
(C₉H₁₁NO₂) Has a slight production of
odor that is thyroxine
characteristic
of amino
acids
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

White
crystalline
powder Needed in the
Tyrosine
Tyr Y Slightly bitter synthesis of some
(C₉H₁₁NO₃)
taste thyroid hormone.
strong UV
absorption
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

Plays an
White important roles
crystalline in protein
Proline
Pro P solid synthesis and
(C₅H₉NO₂)
Slightly structure
sweet taste metabolism
and nutrition
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

white Has a significant

crystalline buffering capacity
powder at physiological
Histidine
His H slightly pH.
(C₆H₉N₃O₂)
sweet tase
UV Histamine
absorption
 CLASSIFICATION OF AMINO ACIDS

1-Letter
Name Abbr. Structure Properties Functions
Abbr.

White
crystalline
Important in
powder
utilization of B-
Tryptophan UV
Trp W vitamins and
(C₁₁H₁₂N₂O₂) absorption
synthesis of
exhibits
intrinsic neurotransmitters
fluorescence
 RECOMMENDED VIDEOS
Memorize the 20 Amino Acids in 9 Minutes
Memorize The 20 Amino Acids - The Easy Way!
Memorize amino acids | amino acid easy tricks to remember
Trick to draw & memorize 20 Amino acid structures from Biomolecules class 12
chemistry by Komali mam
 GROUP 1 REPORTERS

THANK YOU
SO MUCH!
Raise your hand if you
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 REFERENCES:
The Organic Chemistry Tutor. (2018, August 1). Memorize The 20 Amino Acids - The
Easy Way! [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved June 15, 2023, from https://youtu.be/JQYHLRkLF_k

Compilation Notes in Biochemistry