The Gas Laws

Boyle’s Law

- it states that “the volume of a given mass of gas held at constant temperature is inversely proportional
to its pressure”.

- it was introduced by Anglo-Irish chemist Robert Boyle.

- the pressure (P) is inversely proportional to the volume at constant pressure. When the volume
increases, the pressure decreases and vice versa.

Application/s

When a nurse or a MedTech needs to draw blood, they need to pull the plunger of the syringe to
increase the volume inside the syringe, because the volume inside the syringe is increasing, the pressure
inside will decrease, and when that happens the pressure outside the syringe increases, that pressure
will push the fluid inside the syringe.

Whenever you bring a bag of chips to a higher place, it is most likely to double inside or something like
bloating. Because there is air inside or gas, the pressure decreases as you go higher in altitude, and the
volume increases.

Charles’ Law

- it states that “the Kelvin (K) temperature and the volume of a gas are directly related when there is no
change in pressure of a gas.”

- the volume (V) is directly proportional to the temperature at a constant pressure. A gas expands when
its temperature increases and contracts when the temperature decreases.

- it was introduced by French physicist Jacques Alexandre Charles.

Application/s

A hot air balloon can float because of the fire inside it. To inflate the hot air balloon, they heat the air
inside and that increase in temperature will cause an increase in volume as well.

When you try to fix a dented ping pong ball, you soak it in warm water. That warm water will also warm
up the air inside that ping pong ball, so there is an increase again in temperature, which will eventually
lead to an increase in volume, and the ping pong ball will go back to its original state.

Pressure standard measurement is the atmosphere.

Pressure - force acting in a certain object.

Kinetic Molecular Theory
- Helps us understand the different properties of gases on a molecular level

Perfectly elastic collision

- Type of collision wherein there are no laws of kinetic energy