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Where P is the pressure exerted by the gas and V is the volume occupied by it. This
proportionality can be converted into an equation by adding a constant, k.
P = k*(1/V) ⇒ PV = k
The pressure v/s volume curve for a fixed amount of gas kept at constant temperature is
illustrated below.
Boyle’s law
It can be observed that a straight line is obtained when the pressure exerted by the gas (P) is
taken on the Y-axis and the inverse of the volume occupied by the gas (1/V) is taken on the X-
axis.
Where,
This expression can be obtained from the pressure-volume relationship suggested by Boyle’s
law. For a fixed amount of gas kept at a constant temperature, PV = k. Therefore,
P V = k (initial pressure * initial volume)
1 1
∴ P V = P V
1 1 2 2
This equation can be used to predict the increase in the pressure exerted by a gas on the walls of
its container when the volume of its container is decreased (and its quantity and absolute
temperature remain unchanged).
Exercise 1
A fixed amount of a gas occupies a volume of 1L and exerts a pressure of 400 kPa on the
walls of its container. What would be the pressure exerted by the gas if it is completely
transferred into a new container having a volume of 3 liters (assuming the temperature and
quantity of gas remains constant)?
Given,
Initial volume (V ) = 1L
1
Final volume (V ) = 3L
2
Therefore, the gas exerts a pressure of 133.33 kPa on the walls of the 3-liter container.
Exercise 2
A gas exerts a pressure of 3 kPa on the walls of container 1. When container 1 is emptied
into a 10-liter container, the pressure exerted by the gas increases to 6 kPa. Find the
volume of container 1. Assume that the temperature and quantity of the gas remain
constant.
Given,
Initial pressure, P = 3kPa
1