AEROBIC GRAM(+) BACILLI
SPECIES CHARACTERISTICS MICROSCOPE
bioterrorism agent
non motile, halophilic (7%),
B. ANTHRACIS glucose fermenter, acidic envi,
causative agent of anthrax,
spore forming
Fried rice bacillus
BACILLUS
motile, salicin fermenter, no
B. CEREUS
capsule, common eye and ear
bacillus infectant
Hay bacillus
common laboratory
B. SUBTILIS
contaminant, halophilic (7%),
bacitracin source
B. PUMILUS Biological indication of radiation
Insect pathogen
B. THURINGIENSIS Pesticide - parasporal crystal
Genetic engineering
Kleb Loeffler's bacillus
Non-lipophilic
facultative anaerobe, in
C. DIPHTHERIAE nasopharynx, cause of
Diphtheria
MOT - droplet transmission
Urinary pathogen, obligate
CORYNEBACTERIUM
C. UREALYTICUM aerobe, lipophilic
Rapid urease producer
Hoffman bacillus
indigenous microbiota of
C.
nasopharynx,
PSEUDODIPHTHERICUM
immunocompromised pxn, non
lipophilic
VIRULENCE FACTOR TEST CULTURE DISEASES
Penicillin sensitive - string of pearl
bamboo fishing rod shape
(-) salicilin fermentation
appearance,encapsulated D glutamic acid capsule, BA, CA, EYA,
(+) gelatin hydrolysis (inverted fir tree)
BA - medusa head w/ swirl lecithinase, Exotoxin PEA, PLET, Anthrax (Pulmonary, Cutaneous,
(+) lecithinase
projection; y hemolytic (protective antigen, edema Bicarbonate agar, Gastrointestinal)
(+) catalase
Inoculating loop - beaten egg factor, lethal factor) nutrient broth
(+) Ascoli test
white
(V) oxidase test
Penicillin resistant Diarrheal type (meat) - abdominal
BA - beta hemolytic, large, feathery (+) salicilin fermentation pain, diarrhea w/o fever (8-16
with spreading growth, frosted glass Lecithinase, enterotoxin (+) gelatin hydrolysis PEA, BA hours)
appearance (+) lecithinase Emetic (rice) - abdominal pain,
(+) catalase profuse vomitting (1-6 hours)
BA - large, flat, dull w/ ground glass
Eye infection - illicit drug user
appearance, beta hemnolytic, (+) mannitol, xylose, arabinose BA
pigmented
large, moist, blister like, beta
hemolytic
Toxin on insect gut
Intermedius - very small, flat, dry,
Grayish black; non hemolytic
Mitis - small, black, convex, fried
Schick test
egg appearance; hemolytic
Elek plate test
Gravis - large flat dark grey, daisy
(+) nitrate reduction BA, CA, CTBA,
head; non hemolytic
(-) urease Tinsdale agar, Respiratory diphtheria
Methylene blue - beaded formation Diphtheria toxin
(+) CTBA halo Leoffler's serum Cutaneous diphtheria
Tinsdale agar - black colonies
(-) esculin agar
CTBA - black to brown colonies (48
(-) Gelatinase
hrs)
Babes Ernst Bodies
LSA - metachromatic granules
incomplete fission
Schick test
Elek plate test
BA, CA, CTBA,
V forms and palisades (-) nitrate reduction
Tinsdale agar,
BA - pinpoint, white, smooth, non (+) urease
Leoffler's serum
hemolytic (-) CTBA halo
agar
(-) esculin
(-) Gelatinase
Schick test
Elek plate test
BA, CA, CTBA,
(+) nitrate reduction
Parallel rows or palisades, not Tinsdale agar, Respiratory and cutaneous
(+) urease
pleomorphic Leoffler's serum infection, UTI
(-) CTBA halo
agar
(-) esculin
(-) Gelatinase
CORYN
Schick test
Skin microbiota (inguinal, Elek plate test
BA, CA, CTBA,
axillary, rectal) (-) nitrate reduction
Pleomorphic, club shape, V forms Tinsdale agar, Diphtheroid prosthetic valve
C. JEIKEIUM obligate aerobe, multidrug (-) urease
BA - large (1% Tween 80) Leoffler's serum endocarditis - adult
resistant in (-) CTBA halo
agar
immunocompromised (-) esculin
(-) Gelatinase
Schick test
Elek plate test
BA, CA, CTBA,
(-) nitrate reduction
MOT - animal contact/ingestion of CTBA - black to brown colonies (48 Tinsdale agar,
C. ULCERANS Diphtheria like toxin (+) urease Diphtheria like sore throats
unp[asteurized dairy products hrs) Leoffler's serum
(+) CTBA halo
agar
(-) esculin
(+) Gelatinase
(+) glucose fermentation
(+) catalase
(+) CAMP - block type
(+) Hippurate hydrlysios
(+) Bile esculin hydrolysis
Listeriolysin O (hemolytic and
Halophilic, motile (+) 6.5% NaCl BA, CA, BHI, Listeriosis
cytotoxic)
LISTERIA

30C to 37C - optimal growth (+) MRVP test Thioglycolate, Maternal - miscarriage/stillbirth
coccobacili, small, smooth, grayish Catalase
L. MONOCYTOGENES MOT - ingestion of meat, dairy McBride agar, Neonatal - meningitis
blue, small zone of Beta hemolysis SOD
products (-) H2S production Nalidixic acid Immunocompromised - systemic
Phospholipase C
Capnophilic (-) Nitrate reduction medium infections
P60 surface protein
(-) Urease

Wet mount/Hanging drop prep -

tumbling motility
SIM test - umbrella shaped/inverted

thin pleomorphic rods w/ long

ERYSIPELOTHRIX

only catalase (+) (-) Catalase

filaments
not human microbiota (-) motility
Gelatin stab culture - test tube Endocarditis
non-motile (-) esculin hydrolysis
ERYSIPELOTHRIX brush 22C BA, Nutrient broth, Septicemia
(-) nitrate reduction
RHUSIOPATHIAE BA - pinpoint with a/y hemolysis CCNA, CA Erysipeloid/Red skin infection
Domestic swine - reservoir (-) urease
Veterinarian and fish handlers at (+) H2S
large or rough
risk
small or smooth
ARCANOBACTERIUM

BA - narrow zone beta hemolysis; (+) lipase

Lipase Pharyngitis
A. HAEMOLYTICUM non-motile agar pitting w/ black opaque dot (+) lecithinase BA
Lecithinase Endocarditis
pleomorphic (+) CAMP - phospholipase D
 (+) catalase
AEROBIC ACTINOMYCETES

BA - large medusa head

KURTHIA obligate aerobe (-) gelatinase BA, NA
NA - rhizoid growth
(-) oxidase

Fungal culture
media, BA, CA,
Aerobic actinomycetes
Lysozyme resistant BHI, TJMA, LJ
Partially acid fast long thin beaded branching Actinomycetoma/Actinomycotic
Tap water agar growth medium, SDA w/o
filaments mycetoma - N. brasiliense
NOCARDIA Modified Ziehl Neelsen/Kinyoun chloramphenicol,
Cell wall - peptidoglycan Colonies - wrinkled, chalk like Pulmonary disease - N.
Gomori's methenamine silver stain Middlebrook
mesodiaminopimelic acid, orange tan cyriacigeorgica and N. farcinica
(+) catalase medium, Litmos
arabinose and galactose
milk broth, PDA,
Tap water agar
Non motile, partially acid fast - Skin infection
mycolic acid with longer carbon pneumonia
chains Peritonitis
Persist/replicate within zigzag pattern coccobacilli w/ Catheter associated sepsis
Lysozyme susceptible
RHODOCOCCUS EQUI macrophage filaments BA
(+) Catalase
Zoonotic disease BA - pale pink/yellow Horse disease

MOT - inhalation/direct contact w/ Progressive granulomatous

infected animal pneumonia

Skin infection
smooth and slimy with irregular
Non motile, partially acid fast, Lysozyme susceptible pneumonia
GORDONIA edges
gram variable (+) Catalase Peritonitis
dry and rough, mycelia form
Catheter associated sepsis

long rod shape that fragment into 3

Skin infection
parts
gram positive pneumonia
TSUKAMURELLA Colonies are circular w/ rhizoid
Partially acid fast for Kinyoun Peritonitis
edges, no aerial hyphae - white and
Catheter associated sepsis
orange pigmentation

rod shape w/ branching filaments

Isolated from soil Skin infection
BHI and SDA - dried to chalky and
S. somaliensis - human pathogen Lysozyme susceptible BHI pneumonia
STREPTOMYCES heaped
responsible for abandoned (+) Catalase SDA Peritonitis
some are gray white color with
building smell Catheter associated sepsis
musty basement order
 long thin beaded branching
filaments Eumycetoma
ACTINOMADURA
Colonies - wrinkled, chalk like Mycetoma pedis - Madura foot
orange tan/molar tooth appearance

facultative intracellular
pathogen
TROPHERYMA
cannot be cultivated before Periodic Acid Schiff Whipple's disease
WHIPPLEI
Isolated from human feces,
salive and gastric secretions