As one of the oldest occupations u, nurses have faced and inspired an array of

changes. The most remarkable not only raised the profession but patient outcomes and
the overall state of health care.

Have you ever stopped and realized how nursing has changed over the years? eld
of nursing now involves completely different roles and expectations for those working
in it. Let's delve into how nursing has changed over time, as well as exciting current
and future trends.
After all, we must learn from our history to better understand

The health care system and the nursing profession is expanding globally, there fore

what is trends-Trends:-It denote changes taken place

Nursing trends:-refers to direction towards which the different nursing events have
moved or are moving.
These do not occur independently but each one has a basis of related changes in other
elds.
Early nursing began in the home. Family members would care for the sick where they
lived before hospitals existed.

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Past-

Trenda
Nursing in Antiquity-In primitive societies, the decision to be a caregiver was often made
for a person long before he or she had the ability to make such a choice.Early nursing
began in the home. Family members would care for the sick where they lived before
hospitals existed.In many societies, the NO provision of nursing care was a role that
was assigned to female members. Because E women traditionally provided nurturance
to their own infants, it was assumed these same caring approaches could be extended
to sick and injured community members as well. Yet in other societies, care of the sick
was a role assigned to Bart medicine men, shamans, or other male tribesmen.2IBU of
nursing care.Available evidence indicates that nurses rst formed themselves into
organized groups during the early Christian era. The nursing ideals of charity, service
to others, and self-sacri ce were in harmony with the teachings of the early

Nursing in Early Modern Europe-In England, in the wake of the Protestant Reformation,
monasteries and con-lon vents were closed and their lands were seized. Care of the
sick fell to "common" T women, often those of the lower classes who were too old or too
ill to nd any other type of work.The history of nursing continued from the Middle Ages
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 in Europe to the 10th and 11th centuries. During this time, nurses began working as part
of monasteries and other religious organisations The roots of modern nursing began
forming in the 18th and 19th centuries. In North America and Britain, health services
were expanded and categorized into different nursing branches - the origin of nursing
specialties. However, no uniform set of nursing practices existed across these
geographic areas.

• Florence Nightingale and the Origin of Professional Nursing- in 1854,Crimean War

began, nursing advanced into a profession that more closely resembles today's
nursing practice, compared with earlier forms of nursing. The war heightened the
need to treat infection-related illnesses and battle wounds that required amputation or
suturing, and nurses whom Nightingale led stepped up to provide care on the front
lines of the war.Women such as Nightingale, traditionally recognized as the founder
of modern nursing, greatly in uenced nursing. Following her leadership role during
the Crimean War.

• Origins of Professional Nursing in the United States- Within a decade of Nightingale's return
from the Crimea, the United States experienced the outbreak of civil war. When the war
began, there was no provision for TRIBU military nurses in either the Union or the
Confederacy. At the time, there were no nursing schools, no "trained" nurses, and no nursing
credentials.

• In uence of the US Civil WaR-Many Civil War nurses had left their husbands and/or families
to serve in situations that had not previously

ft Publisher been considered a proper "place" for ladies. The work of the Civil War
nurses also changed public opinion about women's work in health care. Women, who
had volunteered as nurses during the Civil War, had come to realize the value of formal
education in the care of the sick.
• The E ects of Social change in the United States- Following the Civil War, cities in the
United States experienced a rapid growth Fuelled by the rise of industries, many persons
from rural areas ocked to cities to nd work in factories. Hordes of immigrants from Eastern
and Southern Europe

• Establishments of the rst Nurse Trains School-The rst permanent school of nursing in the
United States is reputed to be the nurse training school of Women's Hospital of Philadelphia,
which was established in 1872. The sta of the hospital was predominantly female
physicians, who sought to open the eld of nursing to a better-quality type of woman.

• Advances in Science and Medicine-The 19th century was marked by vigorous intellectual
activity and the expansion of knowledge in the sciences. These advances profoundly
in uenced both medicine and the burgeoning profession of nursing. By the beginning of the
20th-century, the symptoms and natural life histories of many diseases had been identi ed.
Because of advances in the development of microscopes, in some cases, O the causative
organisms of disease had been identi ed as well. Newly developed instruments aided in the
assessment of bodily function.

• Origins of Public Health Nursing-At the end of the 19th century, the eld of public health
nursing was instituted, which provided a third area in which nurse graduates could nd
employment. © District nursing originated in England during the 1860s. Through funding
from wealthy philanthropists, nurses provided care to "sick poor" persons in their homes,
and also provided food and medical supplies.

• Origins of Nursing Associations-In 1896, the Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the United

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States and Canada, which later became the American Nurses Associated Alumnae of
the Association (ANA), was founded with the intent of achieving
States and Canada: Originally licensure for nurses.
Licensure for Nurses-In 1901, New York, New Jersey, Illinois, and Virginia were the rst
states that_ BUTIC organized state nurses' associations with the goal of enacting a nurse
practice act for their states. In 1903, North Carolina passed the rst nurse licensure act in the
United States. By 1921, 48 states, as well as the District of Columbia and the territory of
Hawaii, had enacted laws that regulated the practice of professional nursing. These early
versions of nurse practice acts provided for licensure as a ® Jone

"registered nurse"
• Advance in Nursing EducationIn 1919, a Committee for the Study of Nursing Education,
supported by the Rock-Foundation was established to examine the state of

Goldmark Report: Published in 1923, this report recommended that

both public health nursing and nursing education.

• Advance in Nursing Practice-The growth of master's degree programs in nursing opened

many new advanced practice roles for nurses,

Jon including the roles of clinical specialist, nurse practitioner, researcher, and nurse
administrator. Clinical nurse specialists have expertise in a de ned clinical area.

ISSUES
Maintenance of standards for the Profession
• Autonomy for Nurses-Autonomy is the essential element of professional nursing
Person is reasonably independent and self-governing in decision making & practice
Increased autonomy=Increased responsibility
Accountability- nurse is responsible professionally & legally for type & quality of care
provided.Regulated through Standards of Practice and Nurse Practice Act
• Maintenance of control of professional nursing practice •
• Nursing shortages-Work environment
Recruitment
Retention

Aging workforce
Compensation
Aging Baby Boomers
Shortage of nursing faculty
• New categories of health care providers

PRESENT
Modern-day nursing is very different from the time of the Crimean War and different
from the time of both World Wars. Nursing was considered more of a helping role than a
professional career.
Today, nurses have a broader range of practice options. They can work in various
specializations and focus areas, such as ambulatory care, cardiac care, and emergency
rooms, or as certi ed nurse-midwives (CNMs) or family nurse practitioners (FNPs).
Nurses also have various responsibilities, from educating patients on self-care practices
to prescribing and administering medications.Medical profession is fastly changing
profession.
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Trends in nursing profession are closely related to those in medical profession.
The era of specialization & Biomedical science have far advanced resulting in newer
diagnostic equipment such as scanner, New drugs, monitoring system in eld of health
care all over the world.
Modern health care facility like ICU, ICCU, renal unit, organ transplant unit etc super
specialization has come.

TRENS
• Nursing Clinical Practice-Comprehensive nursing care in hospital setting.Nurses can
practice in many areas of specialization, thanks to medical advancements and shifting
patient needs.
Primary health care
Progressive patient care
Team nursing
Palliative nursing care
Self care concept
Domiciliary care
Specialized care
Quality care
Public Awareness
Accreditation
Trauma care

• Online Education/ Nursing Workforce • Nursing education has changed dramatically,

from diploma training to doctoral preparationEducation and represent the largest
differences between nursing's past and present.
• Health Policy/ Research-Research is evolving and building in the discipline of nursing,
but still in its early stages, said Catherine Cohen, PhD '16, a policy researcher at
Rand Corporation in Santa Monica, California.
"We've had lots of breakthrough superstars who are able to in uence their eld and get
a lot of respect in the policy arena," she added, but launching a research career in
nursing is a slower process.
• Innovation/ Entrepreneurship-
• Global/ Technology-Robotics in OTs
Robotics in Path-labs / Research.
Laser Technology in surgery
Instrumentation in medical and surgical practices.
Biotechnology, Genomics, Molecular Biology and
Stem cell research.

Issues
• Stress
• Health and Safety in workplace •
• Evidenced-Based Practice-Goal is to achieve cost-effective, high quality patient care
based on scienti c inquiry
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 Nurses need to understand research process involved
Nursing care should not be based on opinions, past practices, but on the results of
scienti c research
appendicitis

• Nursing research
• Emotional Trauma
• Exhaustion and Overworking
• Fear of Contracting COVID-19 • Staf ng Issues
• Underpayment
• Organizational changes

Future-The future of nursing relies partly on the academic progression and

engagement of nurses. If you are a registered nurse with a bachelor's degree in nursing,
then it's time to consider earning a master's degree. Gradua level education can help
you become pro in areas that IOM deems critical, including leadership, research and
teamwork.Nurses of the future must continue to monitor changes in technology,
advances in scienti c knowledge, and changes in society and in the health care delivery
system. Perhaps through study of the challenges of the past we will have Jones a the
insights to best meet our future.More education and new technology seem to be a
guarantee in the future of nursing.
Today, 57% of nurses hold at least a Bachelor of Science degree. 18% of nurses have
completed a graduate program. Currently, nursing schools are limited in the number of
applicants they can accept. With increased faculty, more classrooms and higher
budgets, these numbers can continue to grow.
Due to technology's in uence on the medical eld, many predict future nurses will also
have to be pro cient in information management. Nurses need to understand how to
gather and analyze new data made available by technology. This data is useful to better
predict and treat both short-term and long-term illness.In the future, nurses will be asked
to help lead hospitals in a new direction by taking on high-level leadership roles. These
roles will ask nurses to implement new care ideas as well as identify problems within
hospitals.
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