D8R TRACK-TYPE TRACTOR Differential Steering AKA00001-UP (MACHINE) P...

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Cerrar SIS

Pantalla anterior

Producto: TRACK-TYPE TRACTOR

Modelo: D8R II TRACK-TYPE TRACTOR AKA01229
Configuración: D8R TRACK-TYPE TRACTOR Differential Steering AKA00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3406E Engine

Operación de Sistemas
D8R Series II Track-Type Tractor Power Train
Número de medio -RENR3675-01 Fecha de publicación -01/08/2001 Fecha de actualización -09/10/2001

i01450324

Torque Divider
SMCS - 3113; 3114

Illustration 1 g00759083

(1) Flywheel

(2) Turbine

(3) Torque converter housing

(4) Impeller

(5) Case

(6) Yoke

(7) Freewheel stator

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(8) Output shaft

(9) Ring gear

(10) Planetary carrier

(11) Planetary gears

(12) Sun gear

The torque divider connects the engine to the planetary transmission. The connection is both a
hydraulic connection and a mechanical connection. The hydraulic connection is through a torque
converter. The mechanical connection is through a planetary gear set.

The torque converter uses oil from the torque converter charging pump section to multiply the
torque to the transmission. When the machine works against a low load, the torque multiplication
is low. When the machine works against a high load, the torque multiplication is higher. A higher
torque can then be sent to the transmission during high load conditions.

The planetary gear set also multiplies the torque from the engine by making an increase in the
mechanical advantage. The torque multiplication also makes an increase as the load on the
machine becomes higher.

During no-load conditions, neither the torque converter nor the planetary gear set can multiply the
torque from the engine.

The torque converter housing (3) and sun gear (12) are installed onto engine flywheel (1). The
torque divider case is installed on the engine flywheel housing. Output shaft (8) is connected to
yoke (6). Yoke (6) is connected to the planetary transmission through a drive shaft.

The planetary gear set is composed of the following parts: sun gear (12), planetary carrier (10),
planetary gears (11), and ring gear (9). Sun gear (12) is connected to the flywheel by splines.
Planetary carrier (10) is connected to output shaft (8) by splines. Planetary gears (11) are held by
planetary carrier (10). Planetary gears (11) are engaged by sun gear (12) and by ring gear (9) .

The torque converter is composed of the following parts: housing (3), impeller (4), turbine (2), and
stator (7). Housing (3) is connected to flywheel (1) by splines. Impeller (4) is connected to
housing (3). Turbine (2) is connected to ring gear (9) by splines. Stator (7) is connected to carrier
(14) .

Torque Converter Operation

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Illustration 2 g00759091

(2) Turbine

(3) Torque converter housing

(4) Impeller

(7) Freewheel stator

(11) Planetary gears

(13) Outlet passage

(14) Carrier

(15) Inlet passage

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(A-A) End view of freewheel stator (7)

Oil for the operation of the torque converter flows through inlet passage (15) in carrier (14) to
impeller (4). The rotation of the impeller drives the oil. The impeller sends the oil around the
inside of housing (3) to turbine (2) .

The force of the oil on the blades of the turbine turns the turbine. The turbine drives the planetary
gears (11) around ring gear (9). The torque that is given to the turbine by the force of the oil
cannot be a greater force than the torque output of the engine to the impeller.

As the oil flows from the turbine, the oil moves in a direction that is opposite from the rotation of
impeller (4). Stator (7) changes the direction of the oil. As the stator is connected to carrier (14),
most of the oil flows from the stator through outlet passage (13) to the oil cooler.

The force of the oil from the stator can now add to the torque output from the engine to the
impeller. The extra force can give an increase to the torque output of the engine to the turbine. A
larger difference between the speeds of the impeller and of the turbine translates to a larger
amount of force of the oil from the stator.

The load on the machine changes the speed of the turbine. A greater load translates to a larger
difference in the speeds between the impeller and the turbine. The different loads on the machine
control the amount of torque multiplication that is added by the force of the oil from the stator.

Freewheel Stator

Freewheel stator (7) reduces the load from the torque converter on the engine during some low
load conditions. These conditions are roading, reverse cycles, and downhill runs, when the engine
is operating at speed. The freewheel stator releases the torque converter from carrier (14), and the
engine speed matches the machine speed without driving the torque converter. Increases in the
load cause the freewheel clutch to engage, and the torque converter resumes normal operation.

Torque Divider Operation

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Illustration 3 g00759092

(2) Turbine

(3) Torque converter housing

(8) Output shaft

(9) Ring gear

(10) Planetary carrier

(11) Planetary gears

(12) Sun gear

The torque converter is driven by the engine through housing (3). The planetary gear set is driven
by the engine through sun gear (12). These connections allow the torque output of the engine to go
in two separate directions.

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Because of the larger radius of ring gear (9), most of the torque is sent by the torque converter
through the ring gear to planetary gears (11). The remainder of the torque is sent by sun gear (12)
to planetary gears (11). If planetary carrier (10) has no resistance to rotation, then the following
components turn at the same speed: sun gear (12), planetary gears (11), planetary carrier (10) and
ring gear (9) .

The torque from the converter and from the planetary gear set is now through the planetary carrier
to output shaft (8) and the planetary transmission. Neither the torque converter nor the planetary
gear set can multiply the torque from the engine when both these components turn at the same
speed.

When the machine has a load, planetary carrier (10) has a resistance to rotation. Since sun gear
(12) is turning at the rpm of the engine, the resistance to rotation turns planetary gears (11). This
rotation is the reverse of the rotation of ring gear (9). The speed of the ring gear decreases.

Since turbine (2) is connected to the ring gear, a decrease in speed will cause the torque converter
to multiply the torque from housing (3). The torque multiplication is sent to planetary carrier (10)
and the output shaft.

If the resistance to rotation of planetary carrier (10) increases, the speed of the ring gear will
decrease more. The slower speed will allow the torque multiplication through both the torque
converter and the sun gear to become higher.

If the resistance to rotation of the planetary carrier increases enough, the ring gear stops. During
some very high load conditions, the rotation of the planetary carrier and the output shaft also stop.
The stopped output shaft turns the ring gear slowly in the opposite direction. The torque
multiplication of the torque converter and the sun gear is at the maximum.

Torque Divider Lubrication

Oil for the lubrication of the torque divider bearings and for the planetary gear set comes from the
supply that is used for the operation of the torque converter. The bearings constantly run in oil.
Bearings and gears in the planetary gear set and the pilot bearing get lubrication through passages
in the output shaft.

Copyright 1993 - 2023 Caterpillar Inc. Tue Jan 31 00:56:54 EST 2023
Todos los derechos reservados.
Red privada para licenciados del SIS.

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