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Chapter 2
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1. Culture
A. Although women and men both share the emotional and intellectual capacities for culture, at a
population level there is less variability in these capacities among men than among women.
B. Although individuals differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, all human populations
have equivalent capacities for culture.
C. Although an individual's genetic endowment does not affect that person's ability to learn
cultural traditions, it does affect his or her capacity to change culture creatively.
D. Although human populations differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, all individuals
have equivalent capacities for culture.
E. Both mental abilities and disabilities are evenly distributed among individuals of all cultures.
4. Anthropologist Clifford Geertz defined culture as ideas based on cultural learning and symbols.
For anthropologist Leslie White, culture originated when our ancestors acquired the ability to use
symbols. What is a symbol? It is
A. a distinctive or unique cultural trait, pattern, or integration that can be translated into other
cultures.
B. any element within a culture that distinguishes it from other cultures, precisely because it is
difficult to translate.
C. something verbal or nonverbal, within a particular language or culture, that comes to stand for
something else, with no necessary or natural connection to the thing for which it stands.
D. a linguistic sign within a particular language that comes to stand for something else in another
language.
E. something verbal or nonverbal with a nonarbitrary association with what it symbolizes.
5. What does it mean to say that humans use culture instrumentally?
A. People use culture to fulfill their basic biological needs for food, drink, shelter, comfort, and
reproduction.
B. People use culture to develop artistic endeavors, including musical instruments and visual arts.
C. People use culture to advance civilization.
D. Culture is a human construct.
E. Culture is instrumental in the creation of societies.
7. People in the United States sometimes have trouble understanding the power of culture because
of the value that American culture places on the idea of the individual. Yet in American culture
A. individualism is a distinctive commercial value, a feature of capitalist culture shared only by the
business elite.
B. the cult of individualism is truly shared only by the country's atheist minority.
C. individualism is a distinctive shared value, a feature of culture.
D. individualism is a distinctive shared value, a result of genetic enculturation.
E. individualism is only something people talk about but don't practice, because it is not really part
of their culture.
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V.
The canvas rattled on the mast
As rose the swelling sail,
And gallantly the vessel past
Before the cheering gale;
And on my First Sir Florice stood,
As the far shore faded now,
And looked upon the lengthening flood
With a pale and pensive brow:—
“When I shall bear thy silken glove
Where the proudest Moslem flee,
My lady love, my lady love,—
O waste one thought on me!”
VII.
I graced Don Pedro’s revelry
All drest in fur and feather,
When Loveliness and Chivalry
Were met to feast together;
He flung the slave who moved the lid
A purse of maravedis,—
And this that gallant Spaniard did
For me, and for the Ladies.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] This and the following poems first appeared in the Etonian.
[2] This and the following poems were published in the Etonian.
[3]
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