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4.1 定義

多項式是代數式的一種，由變數 (variables) 和數字經由“加、減、乘”運算組合而成的式子，並且變數中的

指數必須為正整數(positive integers)及不得在根號、指數、分母等中出現。

◦ 以下全部都係多項式：
▪ 3x + 5
▪ 4a–21xy + y3
4xy3
▪ 5
◦ 以下全部都唔係多項式：
▪ x+5
1

▪ 3 + √y

4.2 詞彙

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4. 多項式 (Polynomials) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/polynomials/
喺描述一個多項式嘅時候，經常會出現以下嘅詞彙：

◦ 係數：coefficient
◦ 常數項：constant term
◦ 次數：degree
◦ 項數：number of terms
◦ 遞降序：descending order
◦ 遞升序：ascending order

例1： 考慮多項式 3x4– 12 x3 + 4x2–x + 10

◦ 這多項式 是按變數x的降冪排列
◦ 項數：5
◦ 次數：4
◦ x2的係數：4
◦ x的係數：-1
◦ 常數項：10
◦ 如按升冪排列，多項式則應寫成
10–x + 4x2– 12 x3 + 3x4

4.3 多項式的加減

當要將兩個多項式相加(或相減)時，其實要做嘅嘢只係將同類項相加(或相減)。而所謂嘅同類項，係指兩個
項數中嘅變數(包括指數)係樣嘅。

• 同類項相加（或相減），異項不能相加（或相減）；
例：
a + 2a + 4b
= 3a + 4b
• 拆括號時，若括號前為＋，則拆括號後每個項的符號不變；
例：
(2a + 3xy) + (4a–xy)
= 2a + 3xy + 4a–xy
= 6a + 2xy
• 拆括號時，若括號前為－，則拆括號後每個項的正負號要倒轉，即＋變－，－變＋。
例：
(2a + 3xy)–(4a–xy)
= 2a + 3xy–4a + xy
= −2a + 4xy

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4. 多項式 (Polynomials) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/polynomials/

4.4 多項式的乘

將兩個多項式相乘嘅時候，基本上可以按以下嘅步驟先把兩個相乘嘅多項式展開：

1. 先指住第一個多項式嘅第一項。
2. 將被指住嘅項同後面括號括住嘅多項式入面嘅每一個項相乘。
◦ 乘嘅時候數字還數字乘
◦ 唔同嘅變數（英文字母）就同反相同嘅變數按指數定律 (https://study-together.com/edu/%e5%88
%9d%e4%b8%ad%e6%95%b8%e5%ad%b8/%e4%b8%ad%e4%b8%80%e6%95%b8%e5%ad
%b8/%e6%8c%87%e6%95%b8%e5%8f%8a%e9%80%b2%e5%88%b6-laws-of-integral-indices
/)相乘。
3. 如果指住嘅唔係第一個多項式入面嘅最後一項，咁指住後面跟住嗰項，重覆第2步。
注意：如果兩個多項式分別有m個同n個項，咁展開後應有 m × n咁多個項。
4. 最後，將同類項加埋一齊。

例：

 指數及進制 (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/laws-of-integral-indices/)

百分法  (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-percentages/)

中一數學【目錄】

1. 有向數 (Directed Numbers) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/directed-

numbers/)

2. 代數式和方程式 (Algebraic Expressions & Equations) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary

/form1_maths/algebraic-expressions-equations/)

3. 指數及進制 (Laws of integral indices) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths

/laws-of-integral-indices/)

4. 多項式 (Polynomials) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/polynomials/)

5. 百分法 (Using percentages) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/using-

percentages/)

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4. 多項式 (Polynomials) » 齊齊溫 https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/polynomials/

6. 近似值與估算 (Approximate values & estimation) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary

/form1_maths/approximate-values-estimation/)

7. 幾何簡介 (Introduction to Geometry) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths

/introduction-to-geometry/)

8. 對稱及變換 (Symmetry and Transformation) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary

/form1_maths/symmetry-and-transformation/)

9. 全等及相似 (Congruence and Similarity) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary

/form1_maths/congruence-and-similarity/)

10. 量度方面的估計 (Estimation in measurements) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary

/form1_maths/estimation-in-measurements/)

11. 面積及體積 (Area and Volume) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths/area-

and-volume/)

12. 坐標簡介 (Introduction to Coordinates) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary

/form1_maths/introduction-to-coordinates/)

13. 統計簡介 (Introduction to Statistics) (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/form1_maths

/introduction-to-statistics/)

*** 初中試卷 *** (https://www.study-together.com/edu/secondary/exam_papers/ssgc_maths/)

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