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Welcome to the Applied Economics 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Explaining
the Effects of the Various Socio-Economic Factors affecting Business and Industry.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public
and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities
at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st
century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to
keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore,
you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the ABM 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Understanding Social-
Economic and Socio-Economic Factors!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill,
action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in
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in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
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learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
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What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
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process what you learned from the lesson.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
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your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the nature of
Applied Economics. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can
be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
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Lesson
Understanding Social-Economic and Socio-
1 Economic Factors
You have learned how to differentiate different terms used in economics in the past lesson. Now,
you will learn how to explain the effects of the various socio-economic factors affecting business
and industry.
What’s In
List down 10 factors (things, event, person or place) that you think can affect our self, household,
What’s New
Anna want to eat Kimchi but she can’t buy foods on the markets because of the fear of this
pandemic. At first, she doesn’t trust online sellers especially when talking about food but because
she craved for the food because of watching K- dramas for a week and also, she can’t go outside
because of the pandemic so she decided to look on social media. While scrolling her Facebook, she
has seen that one of her friends sells kimchi online with free delivery near the area. So, she
messaged her friend and ordered her favorite food. In 15 minutes, her ordered food delivered. She
feels happy eating her favorite Kimchi without her going out.
How did the current situation change the behavior of Anna? Why did she choose to find it
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What is It
The first step to understanding what socioeconomic factors are is to understand social
economics. This is a specialized branch of economics that concerns itself with studying the intimate
relationship between economics and social behavior. Such things as ethics, social norms and
different social philosophies have an impact on how consumers behave in an economy and the
eventual shape that economy will take. The study of social economics seeks to predict what kind of
results to expect when the society has been changed. It does this by studying politics, history and
Socio-economic factors are primarily the PEST – POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, and
TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS, these are the main factors that affects businesses an industry for the
next lessons.
Mostly used business tool by organization is the PEST Analysis. It is to discover, evaluate,
organize, and track macro-economic factors which can impact on their business now and in the
future. The framework examines opportunities and threats due to Political, Economic, Social and
Technological forces.
Political. Political or politically motivated factors that could impact the organization. It
includes government policy, political stability or instability, corruption, foreign trade policy, tax
Economic. Economic trends, growth rates, industry growth, seasonal factors, international
exchange rates, international trade, labor costs, unemployment rates, taxation, inflation, interest
Social. Attitudes and beliefs about a range of factors including money, customer service,
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environment; population growth and demographics, immigration/emigration, life style trends, etc.
These are the PEST analysis that provides an overview of all the crucial external influences
on the organization, supports more decisive and knowledgeable decision making, helps evaluate
how your strategy fits into the broader environment and encourages strategic thinking, assists
planning, marketing, organizational change initiatives, business and project development, project
As we are now in the “new normal” norm some of our goods and services can be buy and
sell through online platforms such as face book, Instagram, Twitter and etc. Technology is major
factor that affects our behavior as consumer. Some are now having groups like Barter Community or
online selling stuffs thru this money are easily earned because of the numbers of prospect
consumers online.
Most demanded services and/or products through online is selling of home- cooked foods
like “Kimchi” or “Kimbop” (Korean foods) because Filipinos now a days are mostly a fan of Korean
dramas thus this new product were in demand and also with Korean fashions and beauty essentials.
Online sellers now are rapidly growing because consumers find it easy to buy stuffs because
of the free deliveries, free shipping fees or even decided to meet up on agreed places. It is the most
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What’s More
Explain. Look and observe around you. Why do people now a days hooked- up in online
selling? How did it change their social behaviors? What factors of the socio-economic been
1. Social Economic - a specialized branch of economics that concerns itself with studying the
2. Various socio-economic factors are: Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors, etc.
foreign trade policy, tax policy, funding grants and initiatives, etc.
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Economic Factors – economic trends, growth rates, industry growth, seasonal factors,
inflation, etc.
Social factors – attitudes and beliefs about a range of factors including money, costumer,
services, religion, cultural taboos, health, work, leisure, environment, population growth,
What I Can Do
success?
3. How do our customer’s belief and values influence their buying habits?
4. What technological advancements and innovations are available on the
horizon?
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Lesson The Effects of Socio-Economic Factors
What’s In
List down socio-economic factors that affects business in locality. Write your answers on your
answer sheet.
What’s New
Socioeconomic factors are, therefore, the social and economic factors that shape and
determine the dynamics a society will experience. These are factors that affect the behavior of a
particular group, also known as a socioeconomic class. Perhaps the most interesting behavior of
will generally have different priorities, and this will affect how they spend their money. Various
socio- economic factors that impacted business and industry are primarily the PEST – POLITICAL,
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As we are now experiencing Pandemic because of this COVID-19, how does it affect our health,
income and social aspect of life? Write down your answer in a paragraph form.
What is It
Understand the socioeconomic factors affecting business will help you make better
decisions about the future and direction of your business. To have an intimate understanding,
however, you will have to understand both external and environmental factors, as well as how their
Environmental Analysis
This is a special term that refers to the process of looking at the external socioeconomic issues in a
company. It can help them grow the organization, increase the streams of revenue the company
Economic factors are an essential part of all business analysis, no matter whether it is PEST analysis,
PESTLE analysis, or any other kind of business analysis. These are the main factors considered when
These factors are connected to money, goods and services. They affect businesses on a micro-level,
but they are a lot more powerful than that – they also affect the entire economy on a macro-level.
The economy, whether a local economy or a global one, will pretty much be the determining factor
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operation of a company, such as the value of its assets, consumer demand and even taxes.
Some economic factors you must think about in your business include exchange rates, interest rates,
recession, inflation, taxes, and demand and supply. Here is a closer look into three of these factors
Interest Rates
Interest rates are everywhere, and are imposed by many different people. In fact, banking
institutions are obsessed with knowing what the status for interest rates in the economy is for a
good reason. It is how they determine their lending practices. It is also good information for a
Exchange Rates
This is a slightly more nuanced topic than that of interest rates. At the heart of it, exchange rates are
an important factor to consider for any business involved in importation and exportation of various
goods and services. When exchange rates fluctuate, they affect the ability of a company to pay its
international suppliers in a satisfactory manner. This can also affect the profit margin of the
Recession
Whenever an economy faces a recession, it has the potential to change the attitude taken by
consumers toward their purchasing decisions. This may force companies to drop prices to stay
afloat.
In addition, Socioeconomic factors not only affects business and industry but of Health and
Education. The health of a person or people, in general, is to a great extent determined by the
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the social status and income of the household or the person, educational level,
income. There are a slew of other things, such as education level, financial
security, and the perceived social class and status of the individual. Along with
the quality of life enjoyed by the individual, consider the privileges and
business but also affects our industry as a whole: capital, income, tax and
revenues, investors and suppliers, households, and even international trade are
What’s More
In the new normal era, trend now is the online selling with small business like selling of
home-cooked food, pre-loved clothes, beauty essentials and many others. How this affects our local
economy and household income? Explain your answer in your sheet of paper.
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1. What are the socioeconomic factors that affects businesses? List down 3 factors.
2. What are the other aspects that are affected by socioeconomic factors?
3. How can one socioeconomic factor affect business and industry? Explain your answer.
What I Can Do
Given that we are now facing pandemic, what do you think can be the biggest
socioeconomic factor that will greatly affect business and industry? Explain your answer.
2. The study of social economics predicts what kind of result to expect when the society has
been changed.
3. Different socioeconomic classes will have different priorities and this will affect how they
4. Businesses and industry will continue growing even without understanding the socio-
economic factors.
5. PEST analysis are the main economic factors that affect a business.
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6. If recession happened to a specific company the prices of their product will increase.
References
K to 12 Curriculum Guide in ABM.
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