OA-NCT II ASSESSMENT GUIDE

Unit of Competency: PRODUCE ORGANIC SWINE

1. Traits of a good breeder

2. Suitable housing for swine/requirements for good hog house
3. Basic materials for beddings
4. Common elements of feed formulation/basic ingredients for swine feeding
materials
5. Different organic swine feeding requirements
6. Measures to protect stocks from diseases
7. What is the fertility period of trained boar
8. Distinguish “in heat” and pregnant sow
9. How to handle pregnant animal?
10. Records in swine production
11. How to follow regulatory measures?
12. What makes a swine organic?
13. Swine breeding techniques and their advantages

ANSWERS:

1. What are the indicators for good stocks (breeders)?

 Six pairs of well-developed and properly spaced function teats
 Teats are not inverted
 Long-bodied sows are desirable because of the more space created for
udder development
 Well-developed ham, loin and shoulder
 Body width is uniform from front to rear
 Well-placed feet and legs
 The biggest among the litter
 Select vigorous pigs from a healthy litter in a herd raised under good
swine sanitation

2. What are the requirements for good hog house?

 Construct pig houses in a slightly sloping and well-drained area
 Good ventilation, there is an opening at the top of the roof where hot air
exits, the floor area shall restrain walling or any form of barrier that
inhibits free flow of air
 Sufficient shed to protect animals from inclement weather
 Made of local materials like coco lumber, bamboo and nipa (for backyard
operation)

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  Provided with organic bedding materials such as rice hull, sand, soil, and
salt with IMO sprayed in the mixture
 Feeding troughs and waterers must be properly installed at the side of
the hog house
 There is an elevated container for concoction solution

3. What are basic materials for beddings?

 Rice hull (80%), sand (10%), soil (10%), 2 kg of salt for every 10 bags of
mixture, and IMO at 1% concentration in a water-base solution
 The floor area shall be excavated about 90 cm where the bedding
materials are embedded

4. What are the basic ingredients for feed materials?

 protein, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals

Days of Kind of Wt. of Piglet/Ration per Day Estimated Live Weight

Culture Feeds 5 kg 10 kg 15 kg 5 kg 10 kg 15 kg
01-07 Starter 150g 260g 500g
08-14 Starter 250g 500g 750g
15-21 Starter 500g 750g 1.0kg
22-28 Grower 750g 750g 1.0kg 8kg 12kg 20kg
29-35 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
36-42 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
43-49 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
50-56 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
57-63 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
64-70 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg 21kg 31kg 46kg
71-77 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
78-84 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
85-91 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
92-99 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
99-105 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg 42kg 64kg 95kg
106-122 Finisher 1.5kg 2.0kg 2.5kg
123-129 Finisher 1.5kg 2.0kg 2.5kg
130-136 Finisher 1.5kg 2.0kg 2.5kg 60kg 102kg 118kg

Total 121 kg 170 kg 236kg

5. What are the feeding requirements at various growth stages of swine?

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 6. How do you prevent the occurrence of diseases in organic hog
production?
 More on preventive scheme
 Give food supplements that will boost the immune system (make antibodies
stronger) , like OHN
 Use LABS to deodorize the farm, to minimize harmful microorganisms
 Use other concoctions as source of vitamins to boost immune system, like FFJ,
FPJ and FAA
 Maintain general cleanliness of the area (waterers and feeding trough are clean
and free from dung, etc)
 Inject iron 3 days and 10 days after birth of piglets
 Have a regular deworming schedule (1/8 of bettle nut for piglets)

7. What is the fertility period of trained boar?

For optimum levels of sperm for mating, boars should be mated no more
than 1 to 2 times daily or 5 to 7 times per week

8. Distinguish “in heat” and pregnant sows?

The signs for in -heat sow: are: swollen vulva, frequently red; vocal sounds,
restless movement, looking for boar, climbing, bar biting, riding other
females sticky discharge from vulva, clitoris red and protruding, tail upright
whilst standing and flicks up and down

Once the sow becomes pregnant, she will not have any interest in
reproductive behavior. She will ignore the advances of any males and will
generally lose all her sexual behaviors, such as making courtship-related
sounds and gestures.

9. How to handle pregnant animal?

Treat the animal with TLC during pregnancy. During pregnancy the sow will
need plenty of feed high in nutrients and will especially need more feeds
towards the end of pregnancy. She should be given some feed high in
nutrients e. g. grain and greenstuffs everyday. Giving the sow access to clean
soil or grass from land where no pigs have been kept will allow her to get the
minerals she need.

10.Records in swine production?

Feed formula record, breeding record, days from weaning to breeding

record, Farrowing records-sow information, Farrowing records-pig

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 information, growing/finishing group history, growing/finishing group
inventory, death loss record, growing/finishing group feed and medication
record.

11.How to follow regulatory measures?

Swine production projects should comply with the following environmental

laws and regulations:

a. Ecological Solid Waste Management

b. The Clean Air Act
c. The Clean Water Act
d. Command and control policies such as zoning, discharge ordinances
and permits and effluent standards
e. Commercial be established at least 1 km away from public roads
f. Raising of pigs in heavily populated areas is prohibited

12. What makes a swine organic?

 What it eats is organic

 More of its food intake and not so much on genetics
 It satisfies the minimum number of days required for slaughter in the PNS
(at least 120 days)
 It was reared in an organic environment (with beddings, organic
concoctions, etc)

13.Swine breeding techniques and their advantages?

Advantages of AI:

a. minimizes if not totally control the spread of reproductive diseases

b. infertile boars are immediately detected
c. eliminates the problem of mating boars and sows of different sizes
d. increases the number of sows bred by a boar

Advantages of Natural Mating:

a. less labor intensive

b. less risky than AI
c. more realistic choice for most operations

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