Fernando

Altamirano
Science 9th

MALARIA VIRUS Grade 20/10/2022

EXPOSITION
Mr Daniel
 What is Malaria?
Malaria is a disease caused by a Plasmodium
parasite, which is transmitted by the bite of an
infected mosquito. Only the Anopheles genus of
mosquito transmits malaria. Symptoms of this illness
may include fever, vomiting, and/or headache. The
classic form of manifestation in the body is "fever,
sweating and chills" that appear 10 to 15 days after
the mosquito bite. Blood samples are examined under
a microscope to diagnose malaria, where the parasite
is detected within red
blood cells. Rapid
diagnostic tests (RDTs)
are used to diagnose
malaria in remote areas
where microscopy
cannot be used.
Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum parasites are the
most common in malaria, while P. malariae and P.
ovale are lesser known parasites
 Where it originated?

 The malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, which claims

a million lives each year (mostly children in third world
countries) originated in chimpanzees and made the leap to
humans some 2-3 million years ago in Equatorial Africa,
using the mosquito as a vector. The parasite jumped from
another species to humans, just as it has happened with
viruses such as HIV and SARS, as indicated by a study in
which researchers from the North American universities of
Massachusetts, Stanford and California, from the Max
Planck, have participated. Institute of Germany and the
office of the in Ivory Coast. The results are published today
in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
 How it spreads
People usually get malaria from the bite of the infectious female
Anopheles mosquito. Only Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit
malaria and they must have been previously infected by sucking
blood from an infected person. latent forms can be produced that
can

Symptoms
Here are some of the signs and symptoms of malaria:

Fever
Shaking chills
general feeling of discomfort
Headache
nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
muscle or joint pain
Fatigue
Fast breathing
accelerated heart rate
Cough
 How to prevent it
If you travel to or live in areas where malaria is common, take
steps to reduce the risk of mosquito bites. Mosquitoes are active
between dusk and dawn. To protect yourself from mosquito bites,
you should do the following:

Cover your skin. Wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts. Put the
shirt in the pants and the pants in the socks.
Apply insect repellent to your skin. Use an insect repellent
registered with the Environmental Protection Agency on all
exposed skin. These include repellents containing
diethyltoluamide, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus,
para-menthane-3,8-diol, or 2-undecanone. Do not use a spray
directly on the face. Do not use products with oil of lemon
eucalyptus or para-menthane-3,8-diol on children under 3 years of
age.
Use repellent on clothing. Sprays that have permethrin are safe for
clothing.
Use a mosquito net to sleep. These nets, especially those with
insecticides like permethrin, help prevent mosquito bites when
you sleep.
 Conclusion
Plasmodium vivax malaria has suffered a significant increase
since April 1994.
The most affected population is young people, predominantly
male.
It is essential that the WHO, MPPS, African countries, and
scientific research centers unite to put an end to this deadly
disease that takes thousands and thousands of lives a year.