Method Statement Site Development - Excavation and Fill

METHOD STATEMENT FOR SITE
CLEARANCE, LAND DEVELOPMENT,

EXCAVATION AND FILLING
DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

Page 1 of 12
DATE: 18.04.2022
METHOD STATEMENT FOR SITE CLEARANCE, LAND DEVELOPMENT,

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

PREPARED BY: APPROVED BY:
REVIEWED BY
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Page 2 of 12
DATE: 18.04.2022
CONTENTS
SL NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1 PURPOSE 3
2 SCOPE 3
3 EXCLUSION 3
4 APPLICABILITY 3
5 EQUIPMENTS 3
6 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE 3
7 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 7
8 SAFETY MEASURES / PRECAUTIONS 7
9 Do’s and Don’ts 10
10 COMPACTION CRITERIA 11

REVIEWED BY
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DATE: 18.04.2022
1) PURPOSE:
This document describes the step wise work procedure to carry out the Site Clearance, Land
development, Excavation and Filling , Compaction for Plot in planned and controlled manner
with reference to the drawings, technical specification and standards.
2) SCOPE :
It includes Site Clearance, Land development, Excavation and Filling , Compaction for Plot in all
types of soil. The work shall be carried out in accordance with the specification and
corresponding approved drawings.
3) EXCLUSION :
In case of very specific & mandatory customer’s need their processes & formats can be followed
as a part or in full. However in case of any conflict most stringent norms must be followed.
4) APPLICABILITY :
This procedure is primarily developed for Substation works.
5) EQUIPMENTS :
 Total Station
 Measurement Tape
 Water Level Gauge
 Compactor
 Tamper Plate
 Hydraulic Excavator
 Water Pumps
6) CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE :

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DATE: 18.04.2022
a) SITE PREPARATION CLEARING AND GRUBBING:

 The permitted area of working shall be verified. Care shall be taken to ensure no damage
occurs to land or property outside this area. If additional space is required then permission
from the landowners shall be obtained prior to commencing the activity.
 The work site shall be cleared of all materials and obstruction that may impede the site
activities. This requires the clearing of tree stumps and bushes and any other materials to
keep the area suitable for safe and proper placement of construction material and provide a
safe area for performing the foundation activities.
 Clearing includes the removal of all trees and other vegetation, rubbish, stumps, pipes,
fences, stone walls, surface boulders, or other material that is not required.
 Certain trees may be designated for saving, and these shall be carefully preserved. The
landscaper land architects approval must be obtained prior to removal of any trees.
 Clearing shall include all the area affected by excavation and filling together with sufficient
additional area on which to stockpile stripped topsoil, and may also include further areas as
shown on the plans within the area of the development or subdivision.
 Cleared material may be burnt on site unless otherwise directed, and provided such burning
is allowed by the relevant Authorities and carried out in compliance with their
requirements. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining a fire permit, and for any costs
relating to such. All ash and residual material from burning shall be removed from the site.
The Contractor is responsible for establishing a tipping point for all other rubbish, and for
any fees relating to such.
 The area on which the fill is to be placed and the area from which the cut is to be removed
should be stripped of all vegetation and of such soils as are deemed by the Consultant
Engineer to be unsuitable to support the proposed loadings or for incorporation in fills.
Topsoil will need to be stripped to spoil as unsuitable material or stockpiled in positions as
required for subsequent re-vegetation. Any material which the Consultant Engineer
considered will inhibit or prevent the satisfactory placement of subsequent fill layers will not
be allowed to remain in the foundations of fills or will be treated as directed as directed by
the Consultant Engineer.
 All trees up to a girth (perimeter) of 30 cm measured at one meter above the ground level
shall also be cut and useful portion of the trees so cut shall be stacked at a suitable place as
directed by the Engineer-in-Charge and shall be considered incidental to clearing and
grubbing operations.

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DATE: 18.04.2022
 The roots of trees shall be dug up to 60 cm below the ground level or 15 cm below
formation level whichever is deeper and after removal of all vegetable and organic matter
from the holes so formed by removal of the roots, holes and hollows shall be filled with
good earth in layer of 20 cm, well rammed, consolidated and levelled.
 Stockpile locations will be subjected to the approval of the Consultant Engineer, and
regardless of this approval will be chosen so that they are unlikely to initiate instability of
either the stockpile or the natural ground. Stockpile sites will also be chosen so that the
stockpile does not inhibit natural drainage of the area.
b) EXCAVATION
 Excavation shall be carried out in a phased manner to suit the construction schedule.
 Excavation shall be by means of scrapers, bulldozers, hydraulic excavators, loaders, and
trucks or other self-propelled bulk earth-moving machinery.
 Excavation shall be executed manually or hydraulic excavator shall be used to excavate the
earth and to off load onto the sides of Pits maintaining angle of repose distance. While
excavating, the earth is cut vertically / tapered / in steps as per the soil conditions at site to
avoid any kind of mishap caused by collapsing of the pit sides during the course of
excavation and foundation work.
 The excavated earth is to be kept at a sufficient distance so that it does not create any
burden on the sides of excavated earth pits.
 Cutting shall be done from top to bottom & also in tapper formation.
 During excavation in sandy soil or water bearing strata, and particularly in black cotton soil
where there is every likelihood of collapsing of the sides of the pits, shoring and shuttering
made of wooden planks of sufficient thickness or steel frames of adequate strength to meet
the requirement are to be provided.
 No undercutting of side of excavation shall be allowed.
 Excavation in soft rock is done with the help of chisels (in case of manual excavation). Some
types of soft rock soils need to be soaked in water before excavation can be carried out. It is
not recommended to use blasting for excavation in soft rock.
 Considering the quantum of excavation involved sufficient number of ramps with enough
road width for the movement of Hydraulic excavators / dumpers / tractor considered. Also
the slope of excavation shall be established.

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DATE: 18.04.2022
 The movement of equipment, trucks and storage of excavated materials, shall be such that
it shall not obstruct any construction activities of adjacent structures.
 Material suitable for Fill shall be stored near the site at designated area.
 Ensure that a suitable drainage arrangements to prevent surface water from any source
entering the foundation pits.
 Ensure the arrangements lighting, fencing and others suitable measures for protection
against risk or accidents due to open excavation.
c) BENCHING
 Shall be carried out where fill is to be placed on sloping ground (generally steeper than 6
horizontal to 1 vertical) These benches shall be cut nearly horizontally with fall towards the
fill area and shall be free draining. The width and height of the bench will depend on the
original ground slope. The rear batter of the bench shall have a slope of about 1 horizontal
to 2 vertical, unless otherwise approve by the Consultant Engineer.
d) LIMITS OF EXCAVATION
 Care shall be taken that ground beyond the limits of the work shown on the plans is not
disturbed by excavation procedures.
 Excavation shall be carried out to the lines, levels, dimensions and slopes shown in the
Drawings. The excavated faces shall be neatly trimmed and the top edges of the cuttings
neatly rounded. Under cutting of slopes will not be permitted under any circumstances.
 Excavation shall be carried out in such a manner as to prevent erosion or slips, working faces
shall be limited to safe heights and slopes, and surfaces shall be drained to avoid ponding
and erosion.
 Overhanging, loose or unstable material likely to slip should be cut back removed or
stabilized.
 Rock cuttings and exposed rock surfaces shall be excavated so as to obtain smooth,
uniformly trimmed surfaces. Batters in cuttings shall be carried around curves in an even
and regular manner. Finished batters shall not have a slope steeper than that specified.
e) TOPSOIL
 Topsoil shall be removed over the area which will be occupied by the complete works plus a
clearance of 2 metres. Topsoil shall be placed in a stockpile clear of the work to enable its
re-use in landscaping and re-vegetation.

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DATE: 18.04.2022
 Unsuitable material includes topsoil, peat and other highly organic soils, logs, stumps,
perishable material, rubbish, material susceptible to spontaneous combustion, free draining
susceptible to scouring, very fine sand, silt and organic clay and material with a CBR<1. Such
material shall be excavated and disposed off-site except for top soil required for vegetation.
Dispersive soils can be used only in accordance with guidelines provided by a Geotechnical
Engineer. Where unsuitable material exists in excessive depths the advice of a Geotechnical
Engineer is required. The Contractor shall lightly scarify the surface of the areas to receive
topsoil to a depth of 50 mm. This shall be achieved by use of a rigid fine harrow making at
least 3 passes or an approved alternative method.
 Topsoil shall be spread over the prepared surface in sufficient quantity to result in a
compacted thickness 100 mm or thicker to make use of all topsoil stripped from the site.
The placed topsoil shall be lightly harrowed to give a uniform appearance and compacted by
flat rolling.
f) PROCEDURE FOR FILLING
 Filling will be carried out in a phased manner.

 Fill materials will be free from clod, salts and sulphates, organic or other foreign material
and all decomposable or perishable material shall be removed from the excavations.
Organic matter, silt and oversize rocks shall not be employed to fill. (Usable soil removed
during the Earthwork from area and stacked shall be used).
 To the extent available, selected surplus soil from excavated material shall be used as fill.
 Surface to receive Fill will be removed of any vegetarian, debris, unsatisfactory soil
materials, Water logging (Water Quantity which may cause localized slush or bumping while
compacting), any other obstructions or harmful materials.
 Fill material shall be placed in near horizontal layers of uniform thickness deposited
systematically across the fill area. The thickness of each layer should be appropriate for the
equipment used, but not exceeding 200 mm 1oose thickness. At cut to fill junctions, and at
the edges of fills, the foundation shall be excavated or "boxed" so that the minimum
thickness of fill to be placed is 100 mm.
 Where fill is to be placed directly onto rock the exposed surface shall be tined or scarified to
a depth of 150 mm minimum and re-compacted with a pad foot roller.

REVIEWED BY
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DATE: 18.04.2022
 Before any loose layer of fill is compacted, the material and its moisture condition should be
as uniform as practicable throughout its depth.
 The maximum particle size of any rocks or other lumps within the layer after compaction
should not exceed 100 mm.
 Each layer being leveled, wetted and tamped properly before the succeeding layer is laid.
 Each layer of earth shall be consolidated by ramming with approved mechanical compaction
machines.
 Compaction of the back fill shall be conducted evenly throughout the excavation area.
Compaction from one corner or one side of an excavation hole shall not be allowed.
 The Fill shall be compacted to the maximum while filling the layers one over other.
 Manual compaction by tampers shall be allowed in some cases.
 Mechanized rollers / plate compactors shall be used for compaction to achieve the required
compaction. At site moisture content shall be checked with the help of rapid moisture
meter or by drying in oven in lab (as required by client).
 If there is a delay in the placement of subsequent layers, previously accepted layers which
have wetted up or dried out, shall be tined, moisture conditioned and again compacted to
the requirements of this Specification.
 Where fill is to be placed over wet or boggy areas, a heavy grade non-woven geotextile such
as Bidim A34 or equivalent shall be placed directly onto the prepared Pit.
*IT SHALL BE ENSURED THAT MATERIALS FILLING PROCEDURES COMPACTION METHODS

SHALL COMPLY TO PROVISION OF ENGINEERING/STRUCTURAL/LOAD BEARING FILL.
g) FILL MOISTURE CONTROL
 Material to be used as fill shall be moisture conditioned as required to permit it to be

compacted to the criteria specified. Fill shall not be compacted at moisture content outside
the limit of 5% of the Standard Optimum Moisture Content (NZS 4402) without approval
from the Consultant Engineer.
 If the moisture content of the fill falls below the specified minimum, water should be added
either on the fill or in the cut/borrow areas before it is transported to the fill area. Water
applied to the fill should be finely sprayed and uniformly blended throughout the full depth
of uncompacted material. If the moisture content of the uncompacted fill is non-uniform,
the material should be mixed to provide a consistent moisture distribution. Care is needed
to ensure that mixing or blending does not produce segregation of the fill material.
 If the moisture content of material is above the specified maximum, drying of the material
may be accelerated by aeration or by blending with dry materials.If rain is threatening or the

REVIEWED BY
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DATE: 18.04.2022
site is to be left unattended, the surface of the fill shall be sealed with rubber-tire or
smooth-wheeled plant and graded to prevent ponding.
7) ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
 Conformity to Plot Marking.

 Conformity to depth of excavation.
 Conformity for Compaction of Filled soil.
 Conformity to Drawing and Technical Specification
8) SAFETY MEASURES / PRECAUTIONS:

 Before starting the work ensure that no under live electrical cable or chemical / water pipe
line is passing through the area of excavation.
 An excavation work permit should be issued before starting excavation work.
 Before starting of the excavation the required material for barricading to be arranged.
 Safe working distance/height to be maintained while working under overhead energized line
or substation structures.
 Excavation shall be protected from all sides by erecting barricades with caution signs and
shall have warning tape.
 Ensure proper lighting arrangement for work at night.

 Stairs, ladders or ramps must be provided where workers are required to enter excavated
area.
 Ensure proper shoring to be done in case of loose soil or rocks.
 Ensure person works only after proper fixing of wooden/steel sheets along the sides of pit
wall.
 Excavated materials / other construction material shall not be kept at the edge of the
excavation pit. The excavated earth need to be dumped at least 1-2 m away from the edge
of the excavation.
 Dewatering from excavated pit ‐ Moving parts of Dewatering pump shall be guarded. Power
supply for the pump shall be through ELCB and the pump shall be earthed. PPE’s, like safety
helmets, hand gloves, gumboots / safety shoes etc. shall be used.

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DATE: 18.04.2022
 The fitness of the equipment (JCB which is going to be used) and driver to be checked by the
concerned engineer/ supervisor and safety supervisor. In any case if the safety supervisor
could not reach the spot on the same day, the work can be started after the concerned site
supervisor is satisfied after checking the equipment. It must be ensured that the operator is
having the valid license to operate the equipment.
 Before starting filling ensure that area is clear from construction utility material.
 Before starting the filling ground condition and stability shall be checked.
 Don’t stand near to the earth moving equipment in operation.
 Use stoppers for not letting filler machine to go near the edge of the pit.
 No one other than operator shall be allowed to sit in operator’s cabin.
 Filling shall be done layer by layer after confirming proper compaction in each layer.
 Proper access to the area to be Filled shall be ensured.
 Ramps should not have more than 15‐degree angle.
 Ramps should be free from obstruction.
9) Do’s and Don’ts

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DATE: 18.04.2022

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DATE: 18.04.2022
10) COMPACTION CRITERIA
 Fill shall be compacted to a minimum dry density ratio of 98% Standard Proctor (NZS4402)
unless otherwise specified, or shown on the Drawings. Testing shall be undertaken by the
Contractor as required by the Engineer, in accordance with the guidelines presented in
NZS4402, to confirm that the fill has been compacted to these specified minimum criteria.
 The achieved compaction may also be checked using a dynamic cone penetrometer
(NZS4402), but this will only be undertaken after a correlation between dry density ratio and
penetration resistance has been established for the particular site and for each of the typical
materials encountered. Where a dispute exists as to the achieved compaction, the results of
direct measurements of dry density ration (NZS4402) shall be deemed to apply.
 The upper layer of filling immediately below road sub-grade level shall be compacted to a
minimum dry density ratio of 98% Standard Proctor. This may be carried out at the time of
pavement construction. The Contractor must allow in the lump sum tender price for
compaction tests as required by the Engineer.
 All fill layers have to be compacted, tested and approved by the Engineer prior to filling
upper subsequent layers. Contractor to allow compaction testing at a rate of 1 test per
100m2 (10x10m grid).

REVIEWED BY
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METHOD STATEMENT FOR SITE

CLEARANCE, LAND DEVELOPMENT,

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

METHOD STATEMENT FOR SITE CLEARANCE, LAND DEVELOPMENT,

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

SL NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

8 SAFETY MEASURES / PRECAUTIONS 7

9 Do’s and Don’ts 10

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

This procedure is primarily developed for Substation works.

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

a) SITE PREPARATION CLEARING AND GRUBBING:

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

f) PROCEDURE FOR FILLING

 Filling will be carried out in a phased manner.

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

*IT SHALL BE ENSURED THAT MATERIALS FILLING PROCEDURES COMPACTION METHODS

g) FILL MOISTURE CONTROL

 Material to be used as fill shall be moisture conditioned as required to permit it to be

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

 Conformity to Plot Marking.

8) SAFETY MEASURES / PRECAUTIONS:

 Ensure proper lighting arrangement for work at night.

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

9) Do’s and Don’ts

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

DOC No.: SW-FEL-TL-MS-AR-001 REV. 00

10) COMPACTION CRITERIA

Shubham Patel Amit Mitra Soloman S S

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