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 Ancient Egyptian Architecture
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

● The development and features of Ancient Egyptian architecture

from the Predynastic period until the Ptolemaic Dynasty.
● Some examples of Egyptian architecture that are still visible today.
● Main features of Egyptian architecture in the ancient times.

Let’s know more about

FACT FILE the magnificent architecture
of ancient Egypt!

Ancient
Egyptians record
the story of their
land and deities
through art and
architecture.
Each structures
were built in
symmetry and
well designed
interior walls.
Image of the Great Pyramid of Giza

Overtime since the predynastic period, Egyptian architecture developed.

Each period is characterised by its own style. Today, the pyramids of
Egypt are regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
 Development and features of
Egyptian architecture
Predynastic First Second
and Early intermediate intermediate
Dynastic period period
Periods

OLD KINGDOM MIDDLE KINGDOM NEW KINGDOM

(about 2700-2200 BCE) (about 2050-1800 BCE) (about 1550-1100 BCE)

Predynastic and Early Dynastic Periods

In this period of time, Egyptians have made sculptures and ceramics to

honour their deities and pharaoh. Their architectural skills were not yet
developed. At that time, Egypt had no central government; it only had
regional and tribal leaders. In effect no massive structures have been made
to place in the centre of Egypt.

● Egyptians used to raise their homes,

and built their tombs with brick. The
brick was made with mud, and then
dried in the sun.
● This building technique continued to
exist throughout Egypt history.
However, prior to the discovery of brick
making, Egyptians used to build their Aerial view of a settlement at Tell Edfu
during the Old Kingdom
home in circular or oval shapes using
the mud as a block for walls.
● After the revealing of the brick
technique, the Egyptian houses were
made in square or rectangular forms.
● The Egyptians used to build their
houses, neighbouring each other, to
assure their protection against wild
animals. Model of Early Egyptian house

Gradually, the number of houses increased, forming cities in Egypt.

During the early dynastic era, tombs were made out of mud brick.
However, the tomb building techniques were modified; making the
tomb appear more luxurious, and complex in design.
 THINK ABOUT THIS! ACTIVITIES FOR AGES 11-14

BUILDING VOCABULARY. Define the following terms based on

1 your understanding of the historical context. (X marks)

TERMS DEFINITION

MASTABA

SPHINX

OBELISK

PYRAMID

TEMPLE

Note: Use separate sheet of paper for your answer

 THINK ABOUT THIS! ACTIVITIES FOR AGES 14-16

USE SOURCE A, B and C

for Activities 1 and 2

MULTIPLE SOURCING. Given the sources, describe the main

1 features of ancient Egyptian architecture. (X marks)

Valley of the Kings SOURCE A

Abu Simbel Temple

SOURCE C

Karnak Temple SOURCE B

FEATURES OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE

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